ABSTRACT
This study aims to assess the enhancement of the chemical and sensory properties of roasted peanuts during storage, through the application of high-protein defatted peanut flour (DPF) coatings incorporated with and without antioxidants. The control sample without coating, packed in normal atmosphere (control), showed the highest conjugated dienes (CD) increment (from 1.17 on day 0 to 3.60 on day 180). Roasted peanuts without coating, packed in high barrier bags under vacuum, reached the lowest CD at day 180 (1.92). Conjugated trienes and peroxide values were analogous to CD. The control exhibited the greatest decrease in α-tocopherol (from 27.65 mg/100 g on day 0 to 21.32 mg/100 g on day 180) and γ-tocopherol (from 21.91 mg/100 g on day 0 to 14.99 mg/100 g on day 180). 3-Methylpyridine and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine decreased with storage time only for the control, which had the highest increase in oxidized flavor (from 0 on day 0 to 13.30 on day 180), cardboard (from 7.67 on day 0 to 15.23 on day 180), and astringency. The lowest decreases in roasted peanutty scores were seen in coated samples. DPF coatings delayed roasted peanuts oxidation, enhancing their sensory properties and shelf life compared with the control sample. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Defatted peanut flour (DPF) is a byproduct obtained during peanut oil extraction and is a possible material for edible film preparation. This strategy adds value to the peanut industry by transforming a by-product into a material with the potential to develop biodegradable and economical films. The application of this DPF-based edible coating on the surface of roasted peanuts may have contributed to extent product's shelf life, allowing for coated products to be packaged in lower barrier and less expensive materials. Use of peanut material to coat peanuts avoids the risk of allergen protein cross contamination, which would be highly valuable for the food industry.
Subject(s)
Arachis/chemistry , Cooking/methods , Seeds/chemistry , Antioxidants/chemistry , Hot Temperature , Humans , Oxidation-Reduction , Peroxides/analysis , Taste , alpha-Tocopherol/analysisABSTRACT
Oxidative rancidity is one of the major causes of peanut quality deterioration. The in-shell nut industry's greatest concern is to preserve high quality and extended the shelf life of these products. This research determined the sensory and chemical stabilities of raw in-shell high-oleic and normal-oleic peanuts during long-term storage. In-shell peanuts samples of normal- and high-oleic types were stored at room temperature (23 °C) for 675 days. The quality parameters, like the fatty acid composition, moisture content, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), and p-anisidine value (pAV), as well as sensory attributes, were analyzed every 45 days. High-oleic samples showed a 4.36-fold higher oleic acid/linolenic acid (O/L) ratio (O/L = 10.65) than normal-oleic peanuts (O/L = 2.44). FFA, PV, CD, pAV, and oxidized and cardboard flavors increased in all stored samples but especially in normal-oleic peanuts. Conversely, roasted peanutty flavor decreased in all samples during storage but in lower proportion in high oleic peanut samples. The sensory and chemical changes that occurred in unshelled normal- or high-oleic peanut samples were not remarkable, suggesting that the shell may protect peanut kernels against deterioration. However, in-shell high-oleic samples show greater stability and shelf life than normal-oleic peanuts under the studied storage condition. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Quality preservation of peanuts is important for the food industry using peanuts as an ingredient. Peanut processors are concerned as to the best ways to preserve peanut quality for long-term storage. Raw high oleic peanuts kept in the shells show better preservation of their sensory and quality properties during storage. In-shell peanuts constitute an appropriate alternative to preserve chemical and sensory properties of this product.
Subject(s)
Arachis/chemistry , Food Preservation/methods , Food Storage/methods , Lipid Peroxidation , Nuts/chemistry , Oleic Acid/analysis , Taste , Fatty Acids/analysis , Humans , Peroxides/analysis , Temperature , Water/analysis , alpha-Linolenic Acid/analysisABSTRACT
La Estimulación Rítmica Auditiva (ERA) es una técnica que facilita la rehabilitación de movimientos que son intrínseca y biológicamente rítmicos, como la marcha. Utiliza los efectos fisiológicos del ritmo auditivo sobre el sistema motor y funciona como un estímulo de sincronización y como facilitador para lograr patrones de marchas fisiológicos. El objetivo de este estudio piloto fue comparar los parámetros de marcha y calidad de vida antes y después de la implementación de ERA en pacientes con Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) que sufrían trastornos de la marcha. Para el estudio se reclutaron 10 pacientes con EP "clínicamente establecida o probable" según criterios diagnósticos internacionales de entre 60 y 85 años de edad, con trastornos de la marcha leves. El entrenamiento con ERA duró 6 semanas y utilizó piezas de tango para sincronizar la marcha a rentes niveles de cadencia. Los resultados muestran una mejoría significativa de la marcha y el equilibrio (escala de Tinetti) luego del entrenamiento con ERA, la cual fue acompañada por una tendencia a la mejoría de la calidad de vida (escala PDQ-39). Estos resultados sugieren que la ERA fue capaz de mejorar la marcha y esto se tradujo en mejorías funcionales. Se requieren estudios aleatorizados, ciego y controlados en un mayor número de pacientes para continuar estudiando la potencial eficacia de la ERA
Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) is a technique that facilitates the rehabilitation of movements that are intrinsically and biologically rhythmic, such as gait. It uses the physiological effects of perceived rhythm on the motor system and functions as a synchronization stimulus and as a facilitator to improved gait patterns. The objective of this pilot study was to compare gait parameters and quality of life before and after the implementation of RAS in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) with gait difficulties. For the study, 10 patients with clinically established or probable PD according to international diagnostic criteria, between 60 and 85 years of age, who suffered from mild gait disorders were recruited. Training with RAS lasted 6 weeks and used tango pieces to synchronize gait to different levels of cadence. The results show a significant improvement in gait and balance (Tinetti scale) after training with RAS, which was accompanied by a tendency to improve the quality of life (PDQ-39 scale). These results suggest that RAS was able to improve gait, which translated into functional improvements. Randomized, blinded, controlled trials in a larger number of patients are required to further assess the potential efficacy of RAS.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinson Disease/rehabilitation , Proprioception , Quality of Life , Acoustic Stimulation , Pilot Projects , Gait Disorders, Neurologic/therapy , Music TherapyABSTRACT
Objetivos: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento que poseen las madres sobre técnica alimentaria y signos de alarma en la alimentación del lactante menor de 6 meses de edad,identificando cuales son los posibles factores epidemiológicos asociados en las madres encuestadas. Material y Método: La población está conformada por madres de lactantes menores de 6 meses de edad cuyos hijos se encuentren internados en las salas del Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad y las que asistan a los controles de pediatría y servicio de vacunatorio de dicho hospital, sito en Ciudad de Córdoba, en la provincia de Córdoba, durante el mes de diciembre del corriente año hasta marzo de 2014. Dada la magnitud de la población, no se trabajo con muestra alguna. Los datos se recolectaron mediante la técnica de encuesta, utilizándose como instrumento un cuestionario
SUMMARY: Objetives: To determine the level of knowledge possessed by mothers on food technology and warning signs in feeding the infant under 6 months of age, identifying what the possible epidemiological factors associated in the surveyed mothers. Methods: The population is made up of mothers of infants under 6 months of age whose children are placed in the halls of Children's Hospital of the Holy Trinity and attend controls pediatric service and the vaccination of the hospital, located in Córdoba, in the province of Córdoba, during the month of December of the current year to March 2014 Given the magnitude of the population, not worked with any sample. Data were collected by survey technique, using a questionnaire as a tool
