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1.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 19(4): 621-625, out.-dez. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-645066

ABSTRACT

Objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os conhecimentos dos pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) antes e após atividade educativa sobre cuidados com os pés utilizando o método da problematização. Estudo descritivo transversal realizado de janeiro a março de 2011, no ambulatório de diabetes de um hospital de ensino, no interior de São Paulo, com 52 pacientes, que utilizou questionário antes e depois da atividade educativa. Os resultados foram: 63,46% mulheres, 84,62% brancas, 28,85% com idade acima de 60 anos, 63,46% com renda de até um salário mínimo, 55,77% com ensino fundamental, 65,38% com DM tipo 2, 57,7% divididos igualmente entre DM há menos de 5 anos e de 10 a 20 anos. Após atividade educativa, houve diferença significativa nos cuidados com os pés: corte das unhas, calçado adequado, não andar descalço, uso de meias de algodão, sem elásticos e hidratação dos pés. A educação é a maior ferramenta para o enfermeiro contribuir para a prevenção do pé diabético.


This study aimed to assess knowledge among patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), before and after an educational activity on foot care using the questioning method. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2011 with 52 patients at a teaching hospital’s outpatient diabetes unit, using a questionnaire before and after the educational activity. The results showed the participants were: 63.46% female, 84.62% white, 28.85% over 60 years old, 63.46% with income of up to one minimum wage, 55.77% with elementary schooling, 65.38% type 2 DM, and 57.7% divided equally between DM for less than 5 years and DM for 10 to 20 years. After the educational activity, there was significant difference in foot care: nail cutting, appropriate footwear, not walking barefoot, use of cotton socks without elastic, and hydration of the feet. Education is nurses’ best tool for contributing to prevention of diabetic foot.


El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los conocimientos de los pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus (DM) antes y después de la actividad educativa en el cuidado de los pies usando el método de problematización. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado, de enero a marzo de 2011, en el ambulatorio de diabetes de un hospital escuela, del interior del Estado de São Paulo-Brasil, con 52 pacientes, que utilizó cuestionario antes y después de la actividad educativa. Los resultados fueron: 63,46% mujeres, 84.62% blancas, 28.85% con edad encima de 60 años, 63,46% con renta hasta un salario mínimo, 55,77% con escuela primaria, 65,38% con DM tipo 2, el 57,7% se dividieron igualmente entre DM por menos de 5 años y de 10 a 20 años. Después de la actividad educativa, hubo diferencias significativas para el cuidado de los pies: cortarse las uñas, calzado adecuado, no andar descalzo, usar calcetines de algodón sin elasticidad y la hidratación de los pies. La educación es la principal herramienta para el enfermero contribuir para la prevención del pie diabético.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diabetes Mellitus/nursing , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Diabetic Foot/prevention & control , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nursing Informatics , Problem Solving
2.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol ; 286(5): L992-1001, 2004 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15064240

ABSTRACT

Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) exert potent proinflammatory actions and contribute to many of the symptoms of asthma. Using a model of allergic sensitization and airway challenge with Aspergillus fumigatus (Af), we have found that Th2-type inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine (MCh) were associated with increased LTD(4) responsiveness in mice. To explore the importance of increased CysLT signaling in airway smooth muscle function, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress the human CysLT1 receptor (hCysLT(1)R) via the alpha-actin promoter. These receptors were expressed abundantly and induced intracellular calcium mobilization in airway smooth muscle cells from transgenic mice. Force generation in tracheal ring preparations ex vivo and airway reactivity in vivo in response to LTD(4) were greatly amplified in hCysLT(1)R-overexpressing mice, indicating that the enhanced signaling induces coordinated functional changes of the intact airway smooth muscle. The increase of AHR imposed by overexpression of the hCysLT(1)R was greater in transgenic BALB/c mice than in transgenic B6 x SJL mice. In addition, sensitization- and challenge-induced increases in airway responsiveness were significantly greater in transgenic mice than that of nontransgenic mice compared with their respective nonsensitized controls. The amplified AHR in sensitized transgenic mice was not due to an enhanced airway inflammation and was not associated with similar enhancement in MCh responsiveness. These results indicate that a selective hCysLT(1)R-induced contractile mechanism synergizes with allergic AHR. We speculate that hCysLT(1)R signaling contributes to a hypercontractile state of the airway smooth muscle.


Subject(s)
Bronchial Hyperreactivity/physiopathology , Leukotriene D4/pharmacology , Lung/physiology , Membrane Proteins/physiology , Muscle, Smooth/physiology , Receptors, Leukotriene/physiology , Actins/genetics , Animals , Aspergillus fumigatus/immunology , Base Sequence , DNA Primers , DNA Probes , Exons/genetics , Humans , Immunization , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Lung/drug effects , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Methacholine Chloride/pharmacology , Mice , Mice, Transgenic , Muscle, Smooth/drug effects , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Receptors, Leukotriene/genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
3.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 7(4): 89-95, out. 1999.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-277541

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como objetivos compreender a percepçäo que mäes de uma comunidade de baixa renda da cidade de Säo Paulo, têm sobre o significado do seu papel na estrutura familiar, em relaçäo ao cuidado dos filhos e as estratégias utilizadas para desempenhar esse cuidado. A análise etnográfica nos possibilitou reconhecer 6 domínios culturais e resultados reveladores de que a mäe ocupa lugar central na família e é responsável pela educaçäo, criaçäo e socializaçäo dos filhos. A adaptaçäo do seu papel caracteriza-se pelo entendimento às necessidades de sobrevivência dos filhos, entretanto com o crescimento das crianças, demonstra insegurança frente à isso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Poverty , Maternal Behavior , Mothers , Brazil , Anthropology, Cultural
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