ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Radiesse, a widely used calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) dermal filler, has shown effectiveness in soft tissue augmentation and regeneration. As with all dermal fillers, the potential for nodules may arise. Understanding the pathogenesis of these nodules and exploring effective treatment methodologies are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES: A literature search was carried out to identify published literature documenting reversal of CaHA nodules. After identification, a consensus panel developed a structured approach, denoted by levels, for applying such reversal methods. METHODS: This concise review presents an algorithmic approach to addressing CaHA focal accumulations (non-inflammatory nodules) based on invasiveness, cost, and potential risks based on published literature. RESULTS: Level 0 involves no intervention, relying on natural degradation for asymptomatic nodules. Level 1 interventions utilize mechanical dispersion techniques, including massage and in situ dispersion, which have demonstrated high success rates, cost-effectiveness, and minimal invasiveness. Level 2 introduces alternative modalities such as pharmacological treatments with 5-fluorouracil and corticosteroids, lasers, and experimental approaches. Level 3 represents last-resort options, including calcium chelating agents, manual removal, and surgical excision. CONCLUSIONS: The article offers a structured approach to manage CaHA focal accumulations.
