ABSTRACT
Dentre as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e o diabetes mellitus (DM) são as mais frequentes e constituem um problema de saúde mundial. Diante da necessidade de implantação de programas de autocuidado voltados para essas doenças, o trabalho tem como objetivo validar um programa de autocuidado para pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectivo de uma população de 100 indivíduos que estavam em sala de espera. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de questionários sobre diferentes temas, aplicados nos encontros, para avaliar o conhecimento dos pacientes no pré e no pós-teste. Somente algumas questões específicas de cada tema não apresentaram diferença significativa entre o pré e o pós-teste. No entanto, todos os temas abordados apresentaram incremento de conhecimento no pós-teste. Sendo assim, pode-se validar este programa de cuidado para pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos, pois promove incremento de conhecimento para os pacientes.
Among chronic non-transmissible diseases, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the most frequent and constitute a global health problem. In view of the need to implement self-care programs about these diseases, the objective of this study is to validate a self-care program for diabetic and hypertensive patients. It is a prospective cohort study of a population of 100 individuals who were in the waiting room. The data collection was done through questionnaires about different topics, that were applied in the meetings, to evaluate the knowledge of patients in the pretest and posttest. Only a few specific questions of each theme did not present a significant difference between the pretest and posttest. However, all the themes addressed presented posttest knowledge increment. Therefore, this self-care program can be validated for diabetic and hypertensive patients, because it promotes an increase of knowledge for these patients.
Entre las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, hipertensión arterial sistémica (HAS) y la diabetes mellitus (DM) son las más frecuentes y constituyen un problema de salud mundial. Ante la necesidad de implantación de programas de autocuidado orientados a estas enfermedades, el trabajo tiene como objetivo validar un programa de autocuidado para pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos. Se trata de un estudio de cohorte prospectiva de una población de 100 individuos que estaban en la sala de espera. La recolección de los datos se realizó a través de cuestionarios sobre diferentes temas, aplicados en los encuentros, para evaluar el conocimiento de los pacientes en el pre-teste y en el post-test. Sólo algunas cuestiones específicas de cada tema no presentaron diferencia significativa entre el pre-test y el post-test. Sin embargo, todos los temas abordados presentaron incremento de conocimiento en el post-test. Por lo tanto, se puede validar este programa de autocuidado para pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos, pues promueve incremento de conocimiento para los pacientes.
Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Primary Health Care , Self Care , Health Education , Chronic Disease , Health Promotion , Data Collection , Cohort Studies , Diabetes Mellitus , HypertensionABSTRACT
Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect of blueberry extract and microparticles (MP) on sunscreen performance of multifunctional cosmetics. Octocrylene (OCT), benzophenone-3 (BENZ-3) and Tinosorb® M (MBBT) were employed as UV filters. Methods: An in-silico modeling was used to determine the UV filters concentrations to obtain high values of sunscreen protection factor (SPF) and UVA protection factor (UVA-PF). MBBT and blueberry-loaded microparticles (MPMB+B) and MBBT-loaded microparticles (MPMBBT) were prepared by spray-drying. OCT and BENZ-3 were added in the oil phase of cosmetics. Cosmetics A and B contained MPMB+B and MPMBBT, respectively, and cosmetic C was prepared without MP. Characterization, physicochemical stability and in vitro SPF was performed. UV filters distribution in human stratum corneum (SC) for each cosmetic was performed. Anti-oxidant activity of blueberry extract was evaluated. Results: Sunscreen combination with the highest SPF was selected for formulations. Formulations A and B maintained their rheological behavior over time, unlike formulation C. In-vitro SPFs for formulations A, B and C were 51.0, 33.7 and 49.6, respectively. We also developed and validated a method for analysis of the UV filters by HPLC/ PDA suitable for the in-vivo assay. In Tape stripping test, MBBT showed SC distribution similar for all cosmetic formulations. OCT and BENZ-3 distribution to formulation A and C was also similar. Blueberry extract showed antioxidant capacity of 16.71 µg/mL equivalent to vitamin C. Conclusion: Cosmetics containing MPs presented better physical stability. Blueberry increased the photoprotective capacity of the formulations and added extra benefits due to its anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties.
