ABSTRACT
Pyriproxyfen (PPF) is a larvicide, used to combat the proliferation of Aedes aegypti larvae. The objective of this study was to analyze the compounds of pyriproxyfen and pyridalyl (PYL) in a commercial larvicide to analyze the cytotoxic and oxidative effects of PPF and PYL. The toxic potential of PPF and PYL were assessed based on lethal concentration (LC50) in Artemia salina, cytotoxicity based on the mitotic index and the chromosomal alterations in Allium cepa and the oxidative damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The PPF and PYL compounds were identified by HPLC-PDA based on their retention times and spectral data. The wavelengths λmax (258â¯nm) and (271â¯nm) of the UV spectrum of PYL and PPF and the retention times (RT) (3.38â¯min) and (4.03â¯min), respectively. The toxicological potentials of PPF and PYL were significant at concentrations (1, 10, 100 and 1000â¯ppm), with an LC50 of 48â¯h (0.5â¯ppm). PPF and PYL pointed out a cytotoxic effect in A. cepa at all concentrations (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 100 and 1000â¯ppm), genotoxic effect at concentrations only (0.0001; 0.1; 1; 100 and 1000â¯ppm), and mutagenic for concentrations (0.1, 100 and 1000â¯ppm). In relation S. cerevisiae, PPF e PYL prompted oxidative damage at concentrations (100 and 1000â¯ppm) in all strains (SODWT, Sod1, Sod2, Sod1Sod2, Cat1 and Sod1Cat1). Therefore, the PPF and PYL identificated in commercial larvicide by HPLC-PDA produced cytotoxic and oxidative effects that could cause health and ecosystem risks.