ABSTRACT
Phalangopsids are a diverse group of crickets found in all tropical and subtropical regions, and includes 1044 valid species. Up to now, only 22 species were studied cytologically, with the chromosome number ranging from 2n = 11 to 2n = 21. In this paper we studied the chromosomes of 12 phalangopsid species from different Brazilian biomes (eight of them reported for the first time), and we traced some trends on chromosomal derivation in this group, based on chromosome morphology and fundamental number. We found that in the phalangopsid species the karyotype concentrates a large amount of metacentric chromosomes, the result of successive centric fusions over evolutionary time. Moreover, pericentric inversions and translocations have been also important in the chromosomal derivation of these crickets.
Subject(s)
Gryllidae , Animals , Chromosome Inversion , Gryllidae/genetics , Karyotype , KaryotypingABSTRACT
Neste trabalho é proposto elevar o subgênero Aclogryllus para o status de gênero baseado em características da morfologia externa e genitália do macho. Também foi descrita uma nova espécie amazônica para Aclogryllus. Fotografias da espécie nominotípica e da nova espécie são apresentadas juntamente com a descrição das características morfológicas, diagnoses e fotografias da genitália masculina e da papila copulatória da fêmea.
Subject(s)
Orthoptera , Animals , Brazil , GenitaliaABSTRACT
In this paper we describe two new sympatric species of phalangopsid crickets Adelosgryllus from the Araripe-Apodi National Forest, State of Ceará, Brazil, highlighting morphological characters, mainly from male genitalia, tegmina and copulatory papilla. We also present a geographical map for the valid species of the genus, as well as photographs of holotypes and paratypes. The type-material is deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP).
Subject(s)
Gryllidae , Animal Distribution , Animals , Brazil , Forests , Genitalia, Male , MaleABSTRACT
The first record of the Orthoptera species Lerneca inalata for Brazil is presented here. The taxon is represented by a new subspecies Lerneca inalata beripocone subsp. nov. (Phalangopsidae, Luzarinae), collected in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. This work includes morphological and morphometric data as well as descriptions of female genitalia and calling song. The new subspecies has as diagnostic features the male genitalia with six ventral spines on the B sclerite, the first spine having a subtle bifurcation; the mid-region of the strongly sclerotized pseudepiphallus; inclination of C sclerite with slightly concave curvature; tegmina-length ratio and the speculum (syn. mirror) width approximately three times the length of the apical area. The description of the female genitalia and the calling song is presented for the first time for the species Lerneca inalata. A distribution map covers the local occurrence of its subspecies.
Subject(s)
Orthoptera/classification , Animals , Brazil , Female , Genitalia/anatomy & histology , Male , Orthoptera/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
A new species of the genus Oecanthus Serville, 1831 from Reserva Natural Vale, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil is described. The new species differs from other of this genus in characteristics of the pseudepiphallus main lobe, endophallic sclerites, posterior median lobe of the metanotal gland and black spots on the femora and tibiae. The chromosome number is 2n=16+XYâ=18 and 2n=16+XXâ=18, and this complement present one pair of autosomes less than the other five cytological studied species.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Insect/genetics , Gryllidae/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Brazil , Female , Gryllidae/anatomy & histology , Gryllidae/genetics , Gryllidae/growth & development , Male , Organ SizeSubject(s)
Gryllidae/classification , Gryllidae/genetics , Animal Distribution , Animals , Brazil , Chromosomes, Insect/genetics , Cytogenetics , Female , MaleABSTRACT
A new Neotropical genus of Ommatolampidinae belonging to the genus group Ommatolampae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 from Brazilian Atlantic Forest was described, diagnosed, and illustrated. The description was based on the external morphology, as well as genitalia and chromosomal characterization. Muriciacris n. gen. was proposed to include Muriciacris triflavovittata n. sp. (type species) described from northeastern of Brazil, state of Alagoas.
Subject(s)
Grasshoppers , Animals , Brazil , Chromosomes, Insect/genetics , Female , Grasshoppers/anatomy & histology , Grasshoppers/classification , Grasshoppers/genetics , Male , RainforestABSTRACT
Three new Neotropical species of Hygronemobius Hebard are described from Atlantic Forest remnants in southeastern Brazil: Hygronemnobius indaia sp. n. and Hygroneinobius iperoigae sp. n. from the state of São Paulo and Hygroneinobius guriri sp. n. from the state of Espírito Santo. We provide photographs of types and male genitalia, and discuss the morphology of male genitalia, taxonomy, calling songs and biogeographic distribution of the genus.