ABSTRACT
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a tool involving the analysis of wastewater for chemicals and pathogens at the community level. WBE has been shown to be an effective surveillance system for SARS-CoV-2, providing an early-warning-detection system for disease prevalence in the community via the detection of genetic materials in the wastewater. In numerous nation-states, studies have indicated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Herein, we report the primary time-course monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater samples in São José do Rio Preto-SP/Brazil in order to explain the dynamics of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA during one year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and analyze possible relationships with other environmental parameters. We performed RNA quantification of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR using N1 and N2 targets. The proportion of positive samples for every target resulted in 100% and 96.6% for N1 and N2, respectively. A mean lag of -5 days is observed between the wastewater signal and the new SARS-CoV-2-positive cases reported. A correlation was found between the air and wastewater temperatures and therefore between the SARS-CoV-2 viral titers for N1 and N2 targets. We also observed a correlation between SARS-CoV-2 viral titers and media wastewater flow for the N1 target. In addition, we observed higher viral genome copies within the wastewater samples collected on non-rainy days for the N1 target. Thus, we propose that, based on our results, monitoring raw wastewater may be a broadly applicable strategy that might contribute to resolving the pressing problem of insufficient diagnostic testing; it may represent an inexpensive and early-warning method for future COVID-19 outbreaks, mainly in lower- and middle-income countries.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humans , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Wastewater , Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring , COVID-19/epidemiology , RNA, Viral/genetics , Brazil/epidemiologyABSTRACT
O manuscrito tem como objetivo socializar a experiência coletiva do projeto "Rodas de Conversas sobre o SUS: educação permanente em saúde no enfrentamento da pandemia" de 2020. Construído a partir das necessidades de trabalhadoras(es) da linha de frente da saúde e assistência social, envolveu estudantes, docentes, movimentos sociais, conselhos de direitos. O cenário da pandemia tornou as demandas mais expressivas nos serviços municipais e provocou sentimento de indignação diante do descaso do Estado, na ausência de respostas à crise sanitária e da barbárie explícita do projeto neoliberal e conservador que avança no país e na destruição do Sistema Único de Saúde. A aproximação e integração estar juntas(os) em isolamento social foi uma atitude de resistência e fundamental para defesa do direito à saúde e à vida. As rodas de conversas são dispositivos significativos e foram adotadas para integração formação-trabalho e potencialização dos sujeitos, na estratégia da Educação Permanente em Saúde. A problematização da realidade, nas 12 rodas realizadas, demonstrou como resultados os impactos da pandemia que aprofundou a crise estrutural em curso, falta de apoio a trabalhadoras(es) da linha de frente e violação de direitos da População em Situação de Rua, no nordeste paulista de Franca e Região. Evidenciou, que o enfrentamento da pandemia exige ações interdisciplinares e intersetoriais, coletivas e solidárias, espaços de diálogos e troca de experiências. As rodas produzem novos sentidos e os sujeitos se fortalecem, permitem rever conceitos, valores, significados, coletivamente compreendem essa realidade contraditória e possibilidades que podem ser construídas no cotidiano do SUS.Palavras-chave: Sistema Único de Saúde; Rodas de Conversas; Educação Permanente; Pandemia.
ABSTRACT
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) corresponds to 3% of the neoplasms in the adults. Surgery is the main mode of treatment, which can be associated toretroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in the presence of clinically tumor positive lymph nodes. Castleman Disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, with little-known etiopathogenesis. It rarely affects the retroperitoneum. Thorax, neck, and abdomen are more frequently affected. Therefore, CD can simulate lymphatic spread from RCC to the retroperitoneum, also leading to a possible misdiagnosis, or diagnosis concerning a paraneoplastic syndrome due to RCC.
ABSTRACT
Penile carcinoma is rare neoplasm in western countries. In development countries can constitute more than 10-20% malignant disease in men. It is usually seen in men with poor standards of penile hygiene. The bot fly (Dermatobia hominis) is endemic in certainly regions such as Central and South America. Human infestation at nonendemic areas is difficult to diagnose and the penile localization is rare and makes the diagnosis more difficult. The authors describe a rare case of simultaneous association between penile carcinoma and myiasis treated both surgically.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Computer simulations (CS) and virtual reality exposure are promising techniques for research and treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA). The objective of this study was to ascertain whether a given CS was a stimulus capable of producing panic attacks (PAs), anxiety and psychophysiological changes in patients with PDA. METHODS: Thirty PDA patients and 30 healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Subjects were exposed to a 3-min CS of a situation relevant to agoraphobic patients. Anxiety, panic symptoms, PAs, heart rate, skin conductance and respiration were recorded before, during and after the CS exposure. RESULTS: The CS effectively induced anxiety, hyperventilation and electrodermal responses in PDA patients but not in healthy subjects. Forty percent of PDA patients had a PA while none of the control subjects had a PA. A subgroup of patients who were less sensitive to the CS than the other subgroup of PDA patients and did not present full-blown PAs still had more panic symptoms, higher anxiety levels and more respiratory irregularities than the controls. LIMITATIONS: Low immersion and low sense of presence, lack of interaction with the environment. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to the CS produced effects similar to in vivo exposure, respiratory and caffeine challenges. Subsequent studies should: make direct comparisons between CS and other challenges for PDA; investigate if CS can be a tool for predicting effects of medication; determine the potential of CS as a desensitization technique for situational PAs.
Subject(s)
Panic Disorder , Agoraphobia , Anxiety Disorders , Computer Simulation , Humans , PanicABSTRACT
Abstract Objective To identify which clinical features and personality traits are associated with quality of life (QoL) in panic disorder (PD) patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with PD patients. The brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) were used to assess QoL and personality traits respectively. The strength of correlations was measured with Pearson's, Spearman's, and point-biserial correlation coefficients. We also performed multiple linear regressions, considering sociodemographic data and scores from clinical scales as independent variables and QoL scores as dependent variables. Results A total of 98 patients were evaluated. Depressive symptoms had a strong negative correlation with QoL and, to a lesser extent, panic and anxiety symptoms were also negatively correlated with QoL. While consciousness, extraversion, and agreeableness had mild positive correlations with QoL, neuroticism had a strong negative correlation. Conclusion Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and panic seem to have a negative impact on the QoL of PD patients. Personality traits, especially neuroticism, may also influence QoL in these patients.
Resumo Objetivo Identificar quais características clínicas e traços de personalidade são mais associados à qualidade de vida (QdV) em pacientes com transtorno de pânico (TP). Métodos Este foi um estudo transversal, realizado em pacientes com TP. A versão breve do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida da Associação Mundial de Saúde (World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - WHOQOL-BREF) e o Inventário dos Cinco Grande Fatores (Big Five Inventory - BFI) foram utilizados para avaliar QdV e traços de personalidade, respectivamente. A força de associação foi medida através da correlação de Pearson, de Spearman ou ponto bisserial. Foram também realizadas regressões lineares múltiplas, considerando os dados sociodemográficos e escores obtidos nas escalas clínicas como variáveis independentes, e os escores de QdV como variáveis dependentes. Resultados Um total de 98 pacientes foram avaliados. Sintomas depressivos apresentaram uma forte relação negativa com QdV; em menor intensidade, sintomas de TP e ansiosos também se correlacionaram com QdV. Nos domínios de personalidade, enquanto conscienciosidade, extroversão e amabilidade apresentaram uma leve correlação positiva com QdV, neuroticismo apresentou forte correlação negativa. Conclusão Sintomas depressivos, ansiosos e de TP parecem ter forte impacto negativo na QdV dos pacientes com TP. Traços de personalidade, principalmente neuroticismo, podem influenciar QdV nesses pacientes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Personality , Quality of Life/psychology , Panic Disorder/psychology , Personality Inventory , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify which clinical features and personality traits are associated with quality of life (QoL) in panic disorder (PD) patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with PD patients. The brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) were used to assess QoL and personality traits respectively. The strength of correlations was measured with Pearson's, Spearman's, and point-biserial correlation coefficients. We also performed multiple linear regressions, considering sociodemographic data and scores from clinical scales as independent variables and QoL scores as dependent variables. RESULTS: A total of 98 patients were evaluated. Depressive symptoms had a strong negative correlation with QoL and, to a lesser extent, panic and anxiety symptoms were also negatively correlated with QoL. While consciousness, extraversion, and agreeableness had mild positive correlations with QoL, neuroticism had a strong negative correlation. CONCLUSION: Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and panic seem to have a negative impact on the QoL of PD patients. Personality traits, especially neuroticism, may also influence QoL in these patients.
Subject(s)
Panic Disorder/psychology , Personality , Quality of Life , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Personality Inventory , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Quality of Life/psychology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
We demonstrated that the porous structure and the reactivity of the epoxy group in the poly glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate monolith can be a platform for the development of separation and extraction methods based on sequential injection analysis. The epoxy group was functionalized to produce monoliths affording complexing and ion exchange properties. Derivatization with iminodiacetate and sodium sulfite produced weak and strong cation exchangers, respectively. Derivatization with ethylenediamine produced a weak anion exchanger, and the treatment of the ethylenediamine-modified monolith with chloroacetate produced another weak cation exchanger. All the monoliths also worked as chelating sorbents. The columns were prepared inside 50 × 2.01 mm id fused-silica lined stainless steel tubing and exhibited permeabilities between 0.76 and 4.92 × 10-13 m2 , which enabled the application of flow rates between 5 and 15 µL/s by the syringe pumps used in sequential injection analyzers. These columns separated proteins by cation or anion exchange in a sequential injection chromatograph in both synthetic mixtures and in egg white. Additionally, the online solid-phase extraction of copper ions was demonstrated in a sequential injection analyzer with the same columns. Postcolumn derivatization with ethylenediamine and spectrophotometric detection was used for the copper detection.
