ABSTRACT
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es identificar los factores pronóstico de mortalidad y de recuperación funcional en pacientes ancianos con fractura de cadera. Material y métodos: Estudio longitudinal prospectivo en pacientes de 80 años o más y pacientes entre 75 y 79 años institucionalizados en residencia, con antecedentes de demencia o en seguimiento por Geriatría, con fractura de cadera. Se incluyó a 359 pacientes, recogiéndose variables demográficas, situación funcional previa, antecedentes patológicos y tipo de fractura, y durante la hospitalización el momento de la cirugía, delirium, evolución funcional, estancia mediana, destino al alta y mortalidad. Se realizó seguimiento durante un año registrando ubicación del paciente, situación funcional, complicaciones médicas y mortalidad. Resultados: Las características basales que conferían mayor riesgo de mortalidad fueron la edad elevada (> 92 años), las complicaciones médicas que retrasaron la IQ (HR 2,17; IC del 95%, 1,27-3,73), tener demencia (HR 1,78; IC del 95%, 1,15-2,75) o insuficiencia cardiaca (HR 1,75; IC del 95%, 1,12-2,75). Los modelos de regresión multivariante ajustados muestran que la dependencia funcional previa a la fractura o la falta de recuperación funcional tras la misma, se asociaron a mayor mortalidad y que los pacientes de mayor edad, con delirium, demencia y dependencia funcional previa presentaron peor pronóstico de recuperación funcional. Conclusión: En los pacientes ancianos con una fractura de cadera, la edad elevada, la comorbilidad y la dependencia funcional se asocian a la mortalidad. El pronóstico de recuperación funcional dependerá de la edad, la situación funcional previa, los antecedentes de demencia y la presencia de delirium durante el ingreso
The aim of this study is to identify the risks factors for mortality and functional recovery in elderly patients admitted to hospital with a hip fracture. Materials and methods: Longitudinal prospective study in patients 80 years old or more and patients between 75 and 79 in residential home care with a hip fracture and with a past medical history of dementia or followed-up by the Geriatric Unit. A total of 359 patients were included, and the demographic data, previous functional status, comorbidity, type of fracture, and dementia were recorded. The data collected during admission included time to surgery, delirium, functional recovery, length of stay, placement at discharge, and mortality. Patients were followed-up for one year and details were collected on placement at the end of follow-up, functional recovery, medical complications, and mortality. Results: The baseline characteristics of the patients with a strong association with mortality after a hip fracture were old age (> 92 years), medical complications delaying surgery (HR 2.17; 95% CI; 1.27-3.73), diagnosis of dementia (HR 1.78; 95% CI; 1.15-2.75), or heart failure (HR 1.75; 95% CI; 1.12-2.75). The fitted multivariable regression models showed that functional impairment before the hip fracture or lack of functional recovery are associated with higher mortality, and patients with increased age, delirium, dementia, and previous functional impairment showed worse functional recovery. Conclusion: In the elderly patients with a hip fracture, increased age, comorbidity and previous functional status is associated with mortality. Functional recovery prognosis will depend on age, previous functional status, past medical history of dementia, and the presence of delirium during admission
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Hip Fractures/epidemiology , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Dementia/complications , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Prospective Studies , Institutionalized Population , Risk Factors , Recovery of Function , Hip Fractures/rehabilitationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to identify the risks factors for mortality and functional recovery in elderly patients admitted to hospital with a hip fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Longitudinal prospective study in patients 80 years old or more and patients between 75 and 79 in residential home care with a hip fracture and with a past medical history of dementia or followed-up by the Geriatric Unit. A total of 359 patients were included, and the demographic data, previous functional status, comorbidity, type of fracture, and dementia were recorded. The data collected during admission included time to surgery, delirium, functional recovery, length of stay, placement at discharge, and mortality. Patients were followed-up for one year and details were collected on placement at the end of follow-up, functional recovery, medical complications, and mortality. RESULTS: The baseline characteristics of the patients with a strong association with mortality after a hip fracture were old age (> 92 years), medical complications delaying surgery (HR 2.17; 95% CI; 1.27-3.73), diagnosis of dementia (HR 1.78; 95% CI; 1.15-2.75), or heart failure (HR 1.75; 95% CI; 1.12-2.75). The fitted multivariable regression models showed that functional impairment before the hip fracture or lack of functional recovery are associated with higher mortality, and patients with increased age, delirium, dementia, and previous functional impairment showed worse functional recovery. CONCLUSION: In the elderly patients with a hip fracture, increased age, comorbidity and previous functional status is associated with mortality. Functional recovery prognosis will depend on age, previous functional status, past medical history of dementia, and the presence of delirium during admission.
Subject(s)
Hip Fractures/mortality , Hip Fractures/therapy , Recovery of Function , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Time FactorsABSTRACT
STUDY DESIGN: : Case report. OBJECTIVE: : To describe a case of septic arthritis of the facet joint in an infant. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: : To our knowledge, no more than 50 cases of septic arthritis of a facet joint are reported in literature, including only 4 cases in children and none in infants. METHODS: : A girl of age 18 months presented with a fever pattern of 4 days evolution, right lumbar paravertebral tumefaction with local inflammatory signs and limping related to pain with weight-bearing on the right lower extremity. The mother reported a pharyngeal infection 2 weeks earlier.Conventional radiology showed no alterations. MR and scintigraphy with radioactivity-marked leukocytes showed affectation only of the posterior facet joint of right L4-L5, without associated collections. Blood and urine cultures were negative. The diagnosis was established as right L4-L5 septic arthritis of a lumbar facet joint, probably of hematogenous origin. RESULTS: : The fever pattern and the limp disappeared in 24 hours with wide-spectrum empirical intravenous antibiotherapy. Although no microorganism was isolated, the good response to the empirical treatment and the background of pharyngeal infection point to a hematogenous dissemination by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus spp. CONCLUSION: : Septic arthritis of a facet joint does not differ clinically from other spinal infections and its incidence is possibly underestimated in favor of other more common entities. Only imaging techniques can differentiate the affected structures and establish the exact diagnosis.MR allows the detection in initial stages, delimits the affectation and extension through the soft tissues, and rules out other more common entities such as discitis. Scintigraphy and SPECT can detect other active foci and be useful in the follow-up.The result achieved with antibiotic treatment in early stages is usually satisfactory. Surgical debridement is only necessary when associated purulent collections appear. From the pediatric point of view, spinal infections should also be taken into consideration within the differential diagnostic of limp in children.
