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1.
Epithelial Cell Biol ; 3(1): 1-6, 1994 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8193664

ABSTRACT

This study proposes a simple method for assessing whether non-respiratory epithelia of the nasopharynx (i.e. cuboidal, squamous) represent a modified differentiation from the normal pseudo-stratified lining, or whether they possess common characteristics suggesting they are just in a different morphological stage. Peroxidase-labelled lectins were used, since they detect sugar residues of membrane glycoconjugates which play an important role in cell differentiation. Biopsies were taken from healthy controls and from patients affected by upper airway inflammation of varying degree and duration. While pseudostratified and cuboidal epithelia possess similar histochemical characteristics, squamous epithelium has a different behaviour; in particular it is the only type to show intense reactivity to Lotus tetragonolobus lectin (LTA). This would seem to indicate that squamous epithelium is in a different state of differentiation, possibly suggesting dysplasia. Lectins may be valuable both in morphological studies and in the clinical evaluation of airway epithelia.


Subject(s)
Carbohydrates/analysis , Glycoconjugates/analysis , Lectins/metabolism , Nasal Mucosa/chemistry , Nasopharynx/chemistry , Respiratory Tract Diseases/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Carbohydrate Sequence , Cell Differentiation/physiology , Epithelial Cells , Epithelium/chemistry , Epithelium/pathology , Female , Histocytochemistry , Horseradish Peroxidase , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , Nasopharynx/cytology , Nasopharynx/pathology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/metabolism
2.
Am J Physiol ; 257(3 Pt 2): F341-6, 1989 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2782418

ABSTRACT

We tested the hypothesis that changes in extracellular fluid volume are reflected by pressure changes within structures of the inner ear and that through neural pathways, a control mechanism exerts an influence on antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release and Na excretion. The study was performed on 35 guinea pigs. In protocol 1, 13 animals were studied before and after decompression of the inner ear by bilateral fluid withdrawal in an experimental setting of sustained isotonic expansion that kept the osmoreceptor partially activated and the intrathoracic volume receptors suppressed. A group of six sham-operated animals served as control. In protocol 2, nine animals were studied before and after a unilateral rise in their inner ear pressure during slightly hypertonic low-rate infusions that kept the osmoreceptor and thoracic volume receptors stimulated. A group of seven sham-operated guinea pigs served as controls. Decompression of the inner ear was attended by a rise in plasma ADH from 11.9 +/- 2.4 to 29.1 +/- 6.9 pg/ml, in urine osmolality (Uosmol) from 470 +/- 48 to 712 +/- 46 mosmol/kg (P less than 0.001), and a fall in urine flow rate (V) from 184 +/- 47 to 71 +/- 11 microliters/min (P less than 0.01), whereas plasma Na (PNa) and osmolality (Posmol) did not change. During inner ear hypertension, plasma ADH fell from 25.6 +/- 3.9 to 18.4 +/- 3.1, Uosmol from 829 +/- 58 to 627 +/- 43 (P less than 0.001), and V rose from 51 +/- 11 to 130 +/- 23 (P less than 0.001), whereas glomerular filtration rate, PNa, and Posmol did not change.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Ear, Inner/physiology , Extracellular Space/physiology , Pressoreceptors/physiology , Sodium/metabolism , Vasopressins/blood , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Osmolar Concentration , Pressure , Reference Values , Urine/metabolism
3.
Neuroradiology ; 31(2): 151-5, 1989.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2747893

ABSTRACT

Multiplanar and surface reconstructions are useful tools in anatomical studies. Details of ethmoid architecture which are hard to image in axial and coronal scans are well displayed by means of oblique sections. This paper addresses reformatted images of a) the nasal lateral wall; b) the middle meatus lateral wall; c) the lamina basilaris of the middle turbinate and d) the frontonasal duct.


Subject(s)
Ethmoid Bone/anatomy & histology , Ethmoid Sinus/anatomy & histology , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
4.
Acta Otolaryngol ; 105(3-4): 379-84, 1988.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3260441

ABSTRACT

Pressure recordings in the esophageal body, LES and stomach were performed in 10 healthy subjects before and after caloric stimulation of the labyrinth. While esophageal and stomach responses varied or were absent, all subjects showed variations at the LES level. Duration of LES relaxation was increased and both time and amplitude of LES augmentation were significantly reduced. The physiological mechanism of labyrinthine-digestive connections and the possibility of clinical applications are discussed.


Subject(s)
Acoustic Stimulation , Esophagogastric Junction/physiology , Esophagus/physiology , Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology , Humans , Motor Activity/physiology , Peristalsis , Pressure
6.
Scand Audiol Suppl ; 30: 237-8, 1988.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3227279

ABSTRACT

Some uncertainty about deferoxamine ototoxicity is to be found in the literature. Therefore, 100 patients affected by beta-thalassemia were checked audiologically. Twelve of them showed a sensorineural hearing impairment which in most cases was confined to 4 and 8 kHz. If these results are compared with a sample of "normal" population, no significant difference can be observed, therefore excluding that deferoxamine, at least at present dosages, may be considered as a certain cause of cochlear impairment.


Subject(s)
Deferoxamine/adverse effects , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/chemically induced , Thalassemia/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Deferoxamine/therapeutic use , Humans
7.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol ; 96(3 Pt 1): 239-50, 1987.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3605945

ABSTRACT

The architecture of ethmoid labyrinths as well as their relationships with adjacent structures are reviewed, giving special emphasis to the anatomic variants common in this area. The study was performed on six young normal subjects who were submitted to high resolution computed tomography. Approximately 25 axial scans, parallel to the floor of the anterior cranial fossa, were performed on each subject; four to five coronal CT scans were also added. Further data were supplemented by examinations of 62 patients affected by nonneoplastic disease of the paranasal sinuses. Microsurgery is replacing classic macrosurgery in the treatment of nonneoplastic disease of the paranasal sinuses. This new trend requires a perfect preoperative delineation of the anatomy. For this purpose, the present paper contains a list of 10 questions which can be answered exhaustively by computed tomography on the basis of the data illustrated. The answers cover most requirements of sinus microsurgery.


Subject(s)
Ethmoid Bone/diagnostic imaging , Paranasal Sinuses/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Bone Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Bone Diseases/surgery , Ethmoid Bone/surgery , Humans , Microsurgery , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/surgery , Paranasal Sinuses/surgery , Reference Values
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