ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The watch-and-wait (WW) strategy is an alternative to anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer (RC) that have had a complete clinical response to neoadjuvant treatment. Few reports describe the quality of life and functional anorectal disorders (FADs) in that population. AIM: To analyze and compare the FADs and quality of life in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum treated with neoadjuvant therapy, divided into two different strategy groups: group 1 (G1), WW; and group 2 (G2), anterior resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients (G1: n = 20 and G2: n = 10) that had finished neoadjuvant therapy at least 12 months prior were included. Mean patient age was 59.5 years (range: 41-79) and 15 of the patients were men. The FADs were evaluated through: a) clinical history, b) 21-day bowel diary, c) Jorge and Wexner fecal incontinence scale, d) anorectal manometry (ARM), and fecal incontinence quality of life scale (FIQL). RESULTS: Bowel diary: fecal incontinence (40%) and urge to defecate (45%) in G1 vs. fecal incontinence (60%) and urge to defecate (30%) in G2, with no significant differences (p = NS). Fecal incontinence scale: fecal incontinence in G1 was significantly less severe than that in G2 (median 6.5 points vs. 13 points [p = 0.0142]). ARM: no differences between the two groups. Quality of life: significantly different between the two groups (FIQL/G1: 3.7 vs. FIQL/G2: 2.8; p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The WW follow-up strategy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer was associated with better quality of life and reduced fecal incontinence.
Subject(s)
Fecal Incontinence , Rectal Neoplasms , Adult , Aged , Fecal Incontinence/therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Quality of Life , Rectal Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The watch-and-wait (WW) strategy is an alternative to anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer (RC) that have had a complete clinical response to neoadjuvant treatment. Few reports describe the quality of life and functional anorectal disorders (FADs) in that population. AIM: To analyze and compare the FADs and quality of life in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum treated with neoadjuvant therapy, divided into two different strategy groups: group 1 (G1), WW; and group 2 (G2), anterior resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients (G1: n = 20 and G2: n = 10) that had finished neoadjuvant therapy at least 12 months prior were included. Mean patient age was 59.5 years (range: 41-79) and 15 of the patients were men. The FADs were evaluated through: a) clinical history, b) 21-day bowel diary, c) Jorge and Wexner fecal incontinence scale, d) anorectal manometry (ARM), and fecal incontinence quality of life scale (FIQL). RESULTS: Bowel diary: fecal incontinence (40%) and urge to defecate (45%) in G1 vs. fecal incontinence (60%) and urge to defecate (30%) in G2, with no significant differences (p = NS). Fecal incontinence scale: fecal incontinence in G1 was significantly less severe than that in G2 (median 6.5 points vs. 13 points [p = 0.0142]). ARM: no differences between the two groups. Quality of life: significantly different between the two groups (FIQL/G1: 3.7 vs. FIQL/G2: 2.8; p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The WW follow-up strategy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer was associated with better quality of life and reduced fecal incontinence.
ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: la colitis ulcerosa es una efermedad con alto riesgo para desarrollar cáncer colorrectal. Objetivo: Presentar prevalencia, factores de riesgo, motivo de realización de la colonoscopia diagnóstica y características del cáncer colorrectal en operados por colitis ulcerosa. Lugar de aplicación: Hospital de gastroenterología Carlos Bonorino Udaondo. Diseño: Retrospectivo observacional. Población Dicimebre de 1970- diciembre de 2006, 37 pacientes, 25 (68%) hombres, edad media 52 (18-70). Tiempo medio de seguimiento 63 meses (0-304). Método: Revisión de las historias clínicas, consignando edad, sexo, tiempo de evolución, forma clínica y extensión de la enfermedad, períodos prolongados asintomáticos, colangitis sclerosante primaria asociada, características de los tumores, estadios, supervivencia. Medidas de evaluación: Valores medios y rango, curvas de supervivencia actuarial Kaplan Mejer, significación estadistica Long Rank Test. Resultados: 51 tumores, multicéntricos 24%, izquierdos 82%, mucinosos 41%, displasia en la pieza 51%, 63% estadios tempranos, 54% diagnosticados por contro evolutivo de la enfermedad, 5% por plan de viligancia, mediana de supervivencia 33 meses, diferencias significativas en la supervivencia entre estadios tempranos y avanzados (p<0,01)y mucinosos y no mucinosos (p<0,01), sobre colitis extensas 90%, crónica recurrente 77%, 50% luego de 20 años de evolución, 14% con períodos asintomáticos prolongados, 19% colangitis esclerosante primaria asociada. Conclusiones: Prevalencia 7%, factores de riesgo: extensión, tiempo de evolución, forma clínica y asociación de colangitis esclerosante primaria; alto porcentaje de tumores dentro de planes de vigilancia. La ausencia de actividad clínica no invalida la aparición de carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Colitis, Ulcerative/complications , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Colorectal Neoplasms/complications , Retrospective Studies , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
Anal cancers compromise only 1.5% of all digestive tumors. At present, concurrent radiochemotherapy (RT-CT) is the treatment of choice for most of these lesions. OBJECTIVE: To collect and analyze clinical data from the medical records of all consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC) treated by the Oncology Section in 20 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of 108 patients with SCCAC were reviewed: 64% were women, mean age was 57.6 years (27-85), only 1 patient was HIV(+). RESULTS: Initial treatment: 87 patients were treated with RT-CT (81%), 5 CT only, 2 RT only, 8 local resection and 6 abdominoperineal resection (APR). 1) Patients initially treated with RT-CT: cobalt therapy was given to 76% of pts and linear accelerator was used in 24% of patients. 24% of patients received Mitomycin C based CT (modified Nigro), 66% Cisplatin based CT and 10% 5FU alone; 66% had clinical complete response (CCR) (26% of them relapsed). Median follow up was 2.16 years (1 month-15.5 years), median time to progression was 11.8 months and overall survival was 76.7% at 3 years (CI 95%: 65.2-87.7). 2) Patients initially treated with local resection: 6 patients NED and 2 relapsed (1 had CCR after RT-CT). 3) Patients initially treated with APR: 5 with curative intent (4 had local recurrence), and 1 was palliative. 4) Surgical rescue after RT-CT in 6 patients with curative intent (4 APR and 2 local resections), and in 15 patients was palliative (2 APR and other surgeries in 13). CONCLUSIONS: Our group is pioneer in the use of Cisplatin based RT-CT for the treatment of patients with SCCAC. Complete response rate and overall survival at 3 years, were similar to those reported by international data. As this is probably one of the largest series of SCCAC in Argentina, we hope that this analysis of our data would be a starting point to develop prospective clinical trials.
El carcinoma epidermoide del canal anal (CCA) constituye el 1.5% de los cánceres del sistema digestivo. Lamayoría de los pacientes puede acceder a la cura a través de radioquimioterapia (RT-QT) concurrente. Objetivos:evaluar qué ocurrió con todos los pacientes con CCA registrados por la Sección Oncología en 20 años.Pacientes y métodos: se revisaron las fichas de 108 pacientes:64% eran mujeres y la edad media fue de 57.6 años (27-83), sólo 1 paciente tenía confirmación de HIV (+). Resultados: tratamiento inicial: 87 pacientes recibieron RT-QT (81%), 5 QT sola, 2 RT sola, 8 resecciónlocal y 6 resección abdominoperineal (RAP). 1) Grupo con RT-QT de inicio: 76% realizó telecobaltoterapiay 24% acelerador lineal, 24% de los pacientes recibió un esquema con Mitomicina (Nigro modificado),66% esquemas con Cisplatino y 10% 5FU solo; respuesta clínica completa 66% (26% de ellos recidivaron).La mediana de seguimiento fue de 2.16 años (1 mes-15.5 años), la mediana de tiempo a la progresión fue de 11.8 meses y la sobrevida global fue de76.7% a los 3 años (IC 95%: 65.2-87.7). 2) Grupo con resección local de inicio: 6 pacientes sin enfermedada largo plazo y 2 recidivas (1 de ellas rescatada con RT-QT con respuesta completa). 3) RAP de inicio: 5con intención curativa (4 recidivaron localmente) y 1 paliativa. 4) Cirugía luego de RT-QT: en 6 pacientescon intención curativa (4 RAP y 2 resecciones locales), y en 15 pacientes con intención paliativa (2 RAP y 13otras cirugías). Conclusiones: nuestro grupo es pionero en el empleo de RT-QT basada en Cisplatino para eltratamiento de pacientes con CCA. Las tasas de respuesta completa y la de pacientes vivos a 3 años fueronsimilares a las reportadas en la literatura internacional. Dado que esta es probablemente la experiencia actualizada en CCA más grande de nuestro país, confiamos en que la elaboración de los datos que aquí presentamos sea el punto de partida para desarrollar ensayos clínicos prospectivos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Anus Neoplasms/therapy , Radiotherapy Dosage , Retrospective Studies , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Treatment Outcome , Follow-Up Studies , Disease-Free Survival , Combined Modality TherapyABSTRACT
Anal cancers compromise only 1.5% of all digestive tumors. At present, concurrent radiochemotherapy (RT-CT) is the treatment of choice for most of these lesions. OBJECTIVE: To collect and analyze clinical data from the medical records of all consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC) treated by the Oncology Section in 20 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of 108 patients with SCCAC were reviewed: 64% were women, mean age was 57.6 years (27-85), only 1 patient was HIV(+). RESULTS: Initial treatment: 87 patients were treated with RT-CT (81%), 5 CT only, 2 RT only, 8 local resection and 6 abdominoperineal resection (APR). 1) Patients initially treated with RT-CT: cobalt therapy was given to 76% of pts and linear accelerator was used in 24% of patients. 24% of patients received Mitomycin C based CT (modified Nigro), 66% Cisplatin based CT and 10% 5FU alone; 66% had clinical complete response (CCR) (26% of them relapsed). Median follow up was 2.16 years (1 month-15.5 years), median time to progression was 11.8 months and overall survival was 76.7% at 3 years (CI 95%: 65.2-87.7). 2) Patients initially treated with local resection: 6 patients NED and 2 relapsed (1 had CCR after RT-CT). 3) Patients initially treated with APR: 5 with curative intent (4 had local recurrence), and 1 was palliative. 4) Surgical rescue after RT-CT in 6 patients with curative intent (4 APR and 2 local resections), and in 15 patients was palliative (2 APR and other surgeries in 13). CONCLUSIONS: Our group is pioneer in the use of Cisplatin based RT-CT for the treatment of patients with SCCAC. Complete response rate and overall survival at 3 years, were similar to those reported by international data. As this is probably one of the largest series of SCCAC in Argentina, we hope that this analysis of our data would be a starting point to develop prospective clinical trials.(AU)
El carcinoma epidermoide del canal anal (CCA) constituye el 1.5% de los cánceres del sistema digestivo. Lamayoría de los pacientes puede acceder a la cura a través de radioquimioterapia (RT-QT) concurrente. Objetivos:evaluar qué ocurrió con todos los pacientes con CCA registrados por la Sección Oncología en 20 años.Pacientes y métodos: se revisaron las fichas de 108 pacientes:64% eran mujeres y la edad media fue de 57.6 años (27-83), sólo 1 paciente tenía confirmación de HIV (+). Resultados: tratamiento inicial: 87 pacientes recibieron RT-QT (81%), 5 QT sola, 2 RT sola, 8 resecciónlocal y 6 resección abdominoperineal (RAP). 1) Grupo con RT-QT de inicio: 76% realizó telecobaltoterapiay 24% acelerador lineal, 24% de los pacientes recibió un esquema con Mitomicina (Nigro modificado),66% esquemas con Cisplatino y 10% 5FU solo; respuesta clínica completa 66% (26% de ellos recidivaron).La mediana de seguimiento fue de 2.16 años (1 mes-15.5 años), la mediana de tiempo a la progresión fue de 11.8 meses y la sobrevida global fue de76.7% a los 3 años (IC 95%: 65.2-87.7). 2) Grupo con resección local de inicio: 6 pacientes sin enfermedada largo plazo y 2 recidivas (1 de ellas rescatada con RT-QT con respuesta completa). 3) RAP de inicio: 5con intención curativa (4 recidivaron localmente) y 1 paliativa. 4) Cirugía luego de RT-QT: en 6 pacientescon intención curativa (4 RAP y 2 resecciones locales), y en 15 pacientes con intención paliativa (2 RAP y 13otras cirugías). Conclusiones: nuestro grupo es pionero en el empleo de RT-QT basada en Cisplatino para eltratamiento de pacientes con CCA. Las tasas de respuesta completa y la de pacientes vivos a 3 años fueronsimilares a las reportadas en la literatura internacional. Dado que esta es probablemente la experiencia actualizada en CCA más grande de nuestro país, confiamos en que la elaboración de los datos que aquí presentamos sea el punto de partida para desarrollar ensayos clínicos prospectivos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Female , Anus Neoplasms/therapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Disease-Free Survival , Follow-Up Studies , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Radiotherapy Dosage , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Several treatments for anal fissure offer different responses and risks for complications. Reversible chemical sphincterotomy with topical nitroglycerin is an alternative to surgical sphincterotomy. The aim of this observational prospective study was to compare the effectiveness of topical nitroglycerin with the conventional medical treatment. Forty-three patients with anal fissure were treated: 22 (16 chronic and 6 acute) received 0.25% nitroglycerin topically, and 21 (16 chronic and 5 acute) received conventional treatment. Nitroglycerin or placebo was administered in two daily applications for two weeks. Median follow-up was 39 weeks. Healing rate with NTG was 75% for chronic and 83% for acute fissures, but recurrence rate for chronic fissures at 9 months was 67%. Healing rate with placebo for chronic fissures was only anecdotical (1 out of 16 patients). Headache as side effects occurred in 17 cases (77%). In conclusion, both treatments were effective for acute fissures, whereas for chronic ones NTG had a high healing rate but also a high recurrence rate.
