Using videoclips to improve theoretical anatomy teaching

The introduction of multimedia technology intoteaching has brought important changes in universityteaching. This study seeks to evaluatewhether the use of videoclips as an aid in theoreticallessons, improves students’ performance.This study compares the results obtained inthe scores of Locomotive System Anatomy fortwo consecutive groups of students that took theFirst Course of Descriptive Anatomy in thedegree in Biology at the Faculty of Health andLife Sciences at the “Universitat Pompeu Fabra”of Barcelona.In the first group (G1 n=72) theoretical teachingwas performed through conventionallectures supported with Power Point slides. Inthe second group (G2 n=70), during the sameperiod of time, teaching was done by a combinationof theoretical explanations, slides andmultimedia anatomy videos, which were usedin order to reinforce the key issues of all lectures.The evaluation of theoretical knowledgewas achieved through a multiple-choice test of30 questions (70% of final mark), completingwith a test of 15 short questions (30% of thefinal mark). Evaluation was performed doneselectively based on the same items in 2 examinationsusing different questions. Comparison of the results revealed that students receiving video input performed significantly better (G1:76 % vs. G2: 93 %). Results ofstudents opinion performed between two groups find out to be similar in each group (G1:5.7 vs. G2: 5.9). The adequacy of the teaching material was (G1: 7.9 vs. G2: 7.5) and general satisfaction with the teaching methods was (G1: 6.8 vs. G2: 6.8). In conclusion, it was found that using videoclips for teaching Human Anatomy significantly improves students’ comprehension of theoretical contents

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Introduction of heteroatom-based substituents into 1,4-dihydropyridines by means of a halogen-mediated, oxidative protocol: diamination, sulfonylation, sulfinylation, bis-sulfanylation, and halo-phosphonylation processes

The natural tendency of 1,4-dihydropyridines to undergo "biomimetic" oxidation to afford pyridinium salts can be switched off and, through the use of reagents that interact electrophilically with the enamine moiety present in the heterocyclic system, it is possible to promote alternative oxidations. In this way, efficient regio- and stereocontrolled synthetic methods have been developed that lead to diversely substituted di- and tetrahydropyridines. These include iodoazidation, diamination, bis-sulfonamidation, sulfonylation, sulfinylation, thiocyanation, sulfanylation, bis-sulfanylation, and halo-phosphonylation processes.