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1.
Vopr Virusol ; 57(1): 14-20, 2012.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22624468

ABSTRACT

The receptor specificity (RS) of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus strains deposited into the State Collection of Viruses of the Russian Federation, D. I. Ivanovsky Research Institute of Virology, Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, in the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 epidemic seasons to a panel of 9 sialoglycopolymers (SGP). The strains were divided into 3 groups according to the W(3/6) index proposed by the authors, which was equal to the amount of reactivities to unbranched alpha2-3-SGP to that of reactivities to unbranched alphal-6-SGP: W(3/6) < or = 1.0; 1.0 < W(3/6) < or = 1.5. The W(3/6) < or = 1.5 group showed a predominance of a2-3-RS, attended by the high incidence of fatal primary viral pneumonias (FPVP) (60.0%) and amino acid replacements in the HA1 receptor-binding site (RBS) (80.0%): D222{G, N} and Q223R. The 1.0 < W(3/6) < or = 1.5 group was characterized by mixed alpha2-3/alpha2-6-RS with the incidence of FPVP (29.7%) and amino acid replacements in the HA1 RBS (40.5%) (D222{G, N, V} and Q223), respectively. In the W(3/6) < or = 1.0 group, alpha2-6-RS was prevalent, FPVPs were absent and amino acid replacements in HA1 RBS (D222{G, E}) were seen only in 6.0% of cases. The number of strains with increased specificity to alpha2-3-sialosides increased in the 2010-2011 epidemic season as compared to the previous season. With their further spread among the population, there may be a rise in cases of severe primary viral pneumonias with possible fatal outcomes, which can be, however, accompanied by a decrease in the capacity of mutants to air-dropwise transmission.


Subject(s)
Hemagglutinins/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/metabolism , Influenza, Human/mortality , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Receptors, Virus/chemistry , Viral Proteins/genetics , Amino Acid Substitution , Binding Sites , Hemagglutinins/metabolism , Humans , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/pathogenicity , Influenza, Human/complications , Influenza, Human/transmission , Influenza, Human/virology , Molecular Mimicry , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/etiology , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , Polymers/chemistry , Polymers/metabolism , Probability , Receptors, Virus/genetics , Receptors, Virus/metabolism , Russia/epidemiology , Sialoglycoproteins/chemistry , Sialoglycoproteins/metabolism , Survival Analysis , Viral Proteins/metabolism
2.
Vopr Virusol ; 55(4): 4-9, 2010.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20886705

ABSTRACT

The paper gives the results of sequence analysis of 150 positive samples in real-time RT-PCR, including 47 autopsy materials from patients (including 10 pregnant women), who died from fatal pneumonia mainly in November-December 2009, in whom the lifetime etiological diagnosis had not been made and hence no early etiotropic therapy performed. 70% of the primary materials from the deceased patients were found to have pandemic influenza A(H1N1) v mutants in the lung tissue with D222G (15%), D222N (15%), D222E (2%) substitutions, as well as a mixture of mutants (38%). Nasopharyngeal lavages from 3 Chukotka deceased patients exhibited only consensus (nonmutant) D222 virus variants; there was a mixture of consensus and mutant virus variants in the trachea and a mixture of mutant ones in the lung. Preliminary data from the study of the interaction of the hemagglutinin of two strains having D222G and D222N mutations with 9 oligosaccharides imitating the variants of cell receptors for influenza A virus suggest that there is a double receptor specificity for alpha2'-3' and alpha2'-6'-sialosides with a preponderance of alpha2'-3'-specificity. Further spread of the mutants that have acquired a high virulence and preserved their capacity for the respiratory route of human infection may lead to the situation similar to that seen in the 1918-1919 pandemic. Another scenario for evolution of the virus is to preserve its receptor specificity for alpha2'-3'-sialosides and high virulence with losses of alpha2'-6' specificity and capacity for aerosol transmission, by damping the pandemic.


Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/virology , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology , Protein Subunits/genetics , Binding Sites/genetics , Female , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/metabolism , Humans , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/pathogenicity , Influenza, Human/mortality , Lung/virology , Male , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/mortality , Protein Subunits/metabolism , Receptors, Virus/metabolism , Russia/epidemiology , Sequence Analysis, Protein , Virulence
3.
Klin Lab Diagn ; (4): 15-8, 2005 Apr.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16008246

ABSTRACT

The level of medium molecular peptides (MMP) grows up in blood plasma of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), which results in endogenous intoxication. The MMP concentration is high in patients with insulin-independent DM at compensation and without renal affection versus insulin-dependent DM, which is explained by presence of 1-3 kDa peptides. An aggravated course of DM including subcompensation is associated with a higher MMP level in patients with both DM types. The onset of the initial stage of diabetic nephropathy brings about an essential decrease of all MMP fractions in both DM types.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Insulin/metabolism , Peptides/blood , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology , Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism , Humans , Molecular Weight , Peptides/chemistry , Protein Binding
4.
Klin Lab Diagn ; (2): 21-2, 2005 Feb.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15804093

ABSTRACT

The concentration of mean molecule peptides is by far less in serum versus plasma. The concentration of mean molecule peptides in serum can go down, in endotoxicosis degrees 3-4, to normal values, whereas it can exceed 3-4-fold the normal value in plasma. The most pronounced reduction of peptides' concentration in serum was registered for the fraction with the molecular weight ranging from 800 to 3000 D.


Subject(s)
Blood Proteins/analysis , Endotoxemia/blood
11.
Biokhimiia ; 42(10): 1810-6, 1977 Oct.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-922067

ABSTRACT

A conversion of the reaction of two cytoplasmic glycolysis enzymes, phosphoglycerate mutase and phosphopyruvate hydratase, is necessary for sucrose synthesis from pyruvate in leaves of C4-plants in the light, when phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis from pyruvate and phosphoglycerate reduction can be carried out by chloroplasts. Leaves of C4-plants differ from those of C3-plants in a higher activity of cytoplasmic glycolysis enzymes, which are distributed irregularly in two assimilatory tissues. The ratio of pyruvate kinase and enolase reaction activities is high in parenchyma linings of vascular fascicles (where mitochondria are concentrated), and it is low in mesophyl tissue, where phosphoglucerate in equilibrium phosphoenolpyruvate reaction is included into photosynthetic metabolism. The data obtained on isolated mesophyl protoplasts have shown that the reaction equilibrium is sharply shifted into the direction of phosphoenolpyruvate formation from phosphoglycerate. However, the incorporation of 14C into sugars is not completely inhibited in the atmosphere of N2-A possibility of incorporation of tri-carbon fragments into sugars in photosynthesizing leaves via conversion of enolase reaction and via alternative pathways is discussed.


Subject(s)
Glycolysis , Plants/metabolism , Carboxylic Acids/metabolism , Protoplasts/metabolism , Species Specificity
12.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 411(2): 357-68, 1975 Dec 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1201284

ABSTRACT

The ultrastructure and respiratory activity of mitochondria in rice coleoptile grown in the presence and in the absence of an inibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis (chloramphenicol) have been studied. It is shown that during the first 48 h of germination a rapid development of mitochondrial cristae takes place without notable influence of chloramphenicol on biogenesis of mitochondria. But the presence of the inhibitor has a significant effect in the subsequent period (48-144 h): a gradual and almost complete reduction of mitochondrial cristae is observed. These unusual "noncristate" mitochondria, although greatly lacking cytochrome oxidase, have a high respiratory activity. The respiration of "noncristate" mitochondria is resistant to KCN. It is supposed that chloramphenicol-induced rice coleoptile can be used as a new convenient object for studies of the nature of alternative oxidase as well as the biogenesis of mitochondria with cyanide-insensitive respiration.


Subject(s)
Chloramphenicol/pharmacology , Mitochondria/metabolism , Plants/metabolism , Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone/pharmacology , Cyanides/pharmacology , Microscopy, Electron , Mitochondria/drug effects , Mitochondria/ultrastructure , Oryza/drug effects , Oryza/metabolism , Oxygen Consumption/drug effects , Plants/drug effects
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