ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Limited-resource countries (LRCs) are underrepresented in biomedical research, and data with respect to oncology are lacking. The aim of the present study was to assess the participation of LRCs in the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) annual meetings. METHODS: We analyzed the characteristics of abstracts originating from LRCs presented at the 2005-2007 ASCO meetings. We used a logistic regression model to identify country characteristics associated with contributions to the meetings. RESULTS: Eight percent of abstracts were generated by authors from LRCs. Abstracts from LRCs, compared with abstracts originating from high-income countries (HICs), were less commonly scheduled for oral and poster presentations (1.4% and 26.8% vs 8.8% and 52.8%, respectively; P < 0.001), and were less likely to report industry-provided funding (2.0% vs 12.7%; P < 0.001). However, the presentation type and the rate of reporting industry funding did not significantly differ between HIC abstracts and LRC abstracts involving one or more coauthors from HICs. In multivariate analysis, ASCO-related characteristics, but not geoeconomic parameters, were significantly predictive of country participation in the meetings. CONCLUSION: These data show that the contribution of LRCs to ASCO annual meetings is very low. Although abstracts originating from LRCs involving authors from HICs were associated with a higher-impact type of presentation, their relevance to the cancer care concerns of LRCs remains to be ascertained.
Subject(s)
Biomedical Research/economics , Congresses as Topic , Cooperative Behavior , Developing Countries/economics , Medical Oncology/economics , Research Support as Topic , Societies, Medical , Bibliometrics , Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data , Congresses as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Developing Countries/statistics & numerical data , Humans , International Cooperation , Logistic Models , Medical Oncology/statistics & numerical data , Research Support as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Societies, Medical/statistics & numerical data , United StatesABSTRACT
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is constantly present in undifferentiated and poorly-differentiated nasopharyngeal cancer. Thus, tumour-associated viral antigens are potential targets for immunotherapy. Recently, both preclinical and early clinical studies have shown that various strategies can enhance EBV-specific immunity. Moreover, significant anti-tumour effect has been observed, and was generally correlated with biological response. The present review discusses the rational for EBV-targeted immunotherapy and summarises the latest developments in this area.
Subject(s)
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/therapy , Herpesvirus 4, Human/pathogenicity , Immunotherapy , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/immunology , Humans , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/etiology , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunologyABSTRACT
Chemoprevention is the use of natural or synthetic compounds in order to reverse. suppress or prevent the carcinogenic process. Among the many pathways dysregulated during the carcinogenic process, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox2) seems to be one of the most promising pathways to target in order to achieve chemopreventive and anticancer effects. Indeed, Cox2 overexpression contributes to the carcinogenic by at least 5 different mechanisms including transformation of procarcinogens on carcinogens, pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect, resistance to apoptosis, angiogenesis and invasion progression... This review will focus on the rationale and the ongoing research areas related to chemopreventive approaches targeting Cox2.
Subject(s)
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Cyclooxygenase 2 , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors , Female , Humans , Male , Membrane Proteins , Neoplasms/enzymology , Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide SynthasesABSTRACT
Chemoprevention is the use of natural or synthetic compounds in order to reverse, suppress or prevent the carcinogenic process. Among the many pathways dysregulated during the carcinogenic process, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox2) seems to be one of the most promising pathways to target in order to achieve chemopreventive and anticancer effects. Indeed, Cox2 overexpression contributes to the carcinogenic by at least 5 different mechanisms including transformation of procarcinogens on carcinogens, pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect, resistance to apoptosis, angiogenesis and invasion progression... This review will focus on the rationale and the ongoing research areas related to chemopreventive approaches targeting Cox2.
Subject(s)
Anticarcinogenic Agents/therapeutic use , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Colorectal Neoplasms/enzymology , Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Cyclooxygenase 2 , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors , Female , Humans , Male , Membrane Proteins , Mice , Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism , Neoplasms/enzymology , Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/metabolismABSTRACT
We report the case of a 54-year-old female patient with a stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who developed a breast mass during the course of her disease. The breast tumor was proved to be of pulmonary origin. Mammary metastases from non-small cell lung cancer are extremely rare and accurate diagnosis is essential to rule out primary breast carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Breast Neoplasms/secondary , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/secondary , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
The road of EGFR is an important road of initiation and progression disease. These receptors are highly expressed in the majority of tumours and this expression is associated with a poor prognostic, more aggressiveness, a poor response to treatment, and poor survival. Inhibition of EGFR is an interesting therapeutic approach. Out of ZD1839 and C225 many EGFR inhibitive agents are being evaluated in phase I, II and III trials. These agents that target the extracellular ligand-binding of the receptor include monoclonal antibodies (C225, EMD7200...) and complex ligand-toxins, others that target the intracellular ligand-binding of the receptor include small molecule tyrosine inhibitors (OS1774, ZD1839...). The results of phase I and II trials of the majority of these new agents are encouraging with a higher therapeutic index and lower toxicity than cytotoxic agents. It is necessary to confirm these results with phase II and III trials witch are now underway particularly for OS1774, EMD7200, ABX-EGF, PKI166, MD447 and ICR62.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic , Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic , Humans , Prognosis , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
Among the many pathways dysregulated during the carcinogenic process, REGF seems to be one of the most promising pathways to target in order to achieve chemopreventive and anticancer effects. Indeed, chemoprevention, the use of natural or synthetic compounds in order to reverse, suppress or prevent the carcinogenic process, aims at the cellular level at regulating the growth and sensitivity to apoptosis of premalignant and malignant clones. REGF activation leads to uncontrolled cellular proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, angiogenesis and invasion. Furthermore, REGF is frequently overexpressed in many epithelial tumors. This review will focus on the rationale and the ongoing research areas related to chemopreventive approaches targeting REGF.
