The effect of exercise on patients with rheumatoid arthritis on the modulation of inflammation.

A healthy lifestyle is critical to maintaining safety and preventing rheumatic disease before reaching old age. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune and systemic illness involving joint changes, including inflammation, joint pain, tiredness, elevated risk of developing coronary and heart disease, and rapid loss of muscle mass. The role of exercise in improving the inflammatory pattern has tended to focus on the latest research. However, some physical activities represent a non-pharmacological treatment strategy due to their many benefits, such as improved muscle mass, strength, and efficiency, especially in patients with RA. During exercise, skeletal muscle releases myokines, triggering a direct anti-inflammatory effect with each activity or enhancing comorbidity. The level of inflammatory biomarkers, such as tumour necrosis factor, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, is significantly lower for athletes and patients with RA who exercise regularly. However, understanding the precise roles of some environmental and genetic factors can help to prevent rheumatic disorders. This review highlights the influence of exercise and training on the inflammatory module in patients with rheumatic disease. More detailed data is needed to clarify the benefits of exercise in the context of RA and inflammation.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Blueprints on the Oral Manifestation of COVID-19: A Case Report.

Nonsegmented positive-sense RNA enveloped RNA severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can result in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This virus is from ß-coronaviridae family of viruses. The common signs and symptoms of COVID-19 include pyrexia, cough, dyspnea, fatigue, myalgia, cephalgia, diarrhea, and nausea. Physicians and dentists around the world could directly link the COVID-19 and oral diseases such as ageusia and anosmia. After time passes, different aspects of symptoms of the diseases have been discovered. Research suggests that the oral cavity is the most vulnerable region for the virus because of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor abundance in the mouth. In this case report (no. of patients = 6), we would like to report significant findings in patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 reported to our clinic during May 2021 complaining about the oral manifestation of it such as xerostomia, gingival inflammation, and cracked teeth. All patients are younger than 40 years with no history of dental complaints and oral diseases. Fortunately, these symptoms are not life threatening and treatable/manageable by current treatment options. To date, there is no clear proof of how and via which pathway, SARS-CoV-2 genomic blueprint causes the oral manifestation of COVID-19 beside ACE2 receptor which is the only known biopathway for such incidents.