ABSTRACT
Statistical patterns of breast cancer were studied in the Omsk Region in order to optimize early diagnosis and improve the effectiveness of treatment. It was found that the proportion of breast cancer patients in stage I in all age groups was 22. 9%, which was identical with that in the majority of regions of Russia (15 26%) and was close to the average population indices (18. 3%). For patients with disease of stage IV it should be marked the most significant differences in the smaller side compared with average indices for Russia for patients of older age group (17. 4% vs. 40. 6%). It was noted that in the age group up to 40 years there were revealed later stages of breast cancer, so necessary adjustments to screening program based on young patients were required. Due to limitations of mammographic examination of young patients the developments of alternative screening programs for this age group are actual.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Early Detection of Cancer , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Mammography , Mass Screening , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Background: Problems of optimization diagnosis methods and prognosis for lung cancer remain unsolved. Lung cancer occupied the leading positions among cancer diseases. Aims: Establishing change patterns in the parameters of endogenous intoxication and lipid peroxidation in the saliva of patients with lung cancer depending on the histologic type of tumor. Materials and Methods: The case-control study enrolled 516 men, who were divided into 3 groups: main (lung cancer, n=256), comparison group (non-malignant lung diseases, n=60), and control group (relatively healthy, n=200). Questioning and biochemical saliva study were carried out to all participants. Patients of the main group and the comparison group were hospitalized for surgical treatment, after which underwent the histological verification of the diagnosis. We used the spectrophotometric methods of investigation of parameters of lipid peroxidation and endogenous intoxication. Between-group differences were evaluated by nonparametric tests. Results: Malondialdehyde as a product of lipid peroxidation is a little informative result. For more information it is necessary to determine the individual fractions of middle toxins count distribution ratio 280/254 nm, as well as to take into account the level of conjugated diene, triene conjugates, and Schiff bases. The following changes are observed at the transition from the control group to the comparison group, and then to the main: increased levels of triene conjugates and Schiff bases, as well as malondialdehyde. At the same time we detected the reduction in the level of diene conjugates, which confirms the fact of the increase in the oxidative stress process associated with benign diseases and lung cancer. In addition, there is a decrease in the content of individual fractions of middle toxins, but 280/254 nm partition coefficient growth is observed. Conclusions: The findings support the hypothesis of the association processes of lipid peroxidation and endogenous intoxication with the development of lung cancer. It confirmed the dependence of these parameters on the histological type of tumor, the presence / absence and the degree of prevalence of remote and regional metastasis.
