ABSTRACT
Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) often exhibit nutritional deficiencies and are at high risk of dying before the age of 5 years. Ensuring adequate nutrition is a critical part of health care for such children. This study aimed to investigate the association between nutritional status, nutrient intake, and food diversity in children with SCA. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 74 children with SCA, between 24 and 71 months of age. Anthropometric measurements, food and nutrients consumption were determined. The prevalence of low weight, stunting, and overweight/obesity were 16.2%, 35.1%, and 16.2%, respectively. Mean folic acid intake was low (49.05%±51.22%), whereas the intakes of protein (426.71%±171.93%), retinol (292.97%±403.88%), phosphorus (204.55%±151.35%), magnesium (233.02%±151.14%), iron (250.76%±165.81%), and zinc (243.21%±148.40%) were high. The dietary phosphorus/protein ratio was high for 31.1% of the children, and 44.6% of the children had low dietary diversity score. No correlation was found between food diversity, nutrient adequacy, and nutritional status. Despite the adequacy of the intake of most micronutrients, diet quality was inadequate, constituting mainly ultraprocessed foods. Knowing the food consumption pattern of these children enables a more resolute nutritional intervention.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/diet therapy , Diet, Healthy , Food Preferences/physiology , Nutritional Status/physiology , Anemia, Sickle Cell/physiopathology , Body Weights and Measures , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Eating/physiology , Female , Humans , Male , MicronutrientsABSTRACT
A anemia falciforme é a doença hemolítica crônica, de caráter hereditário mais comum no Brasil, sendo escassas as informações sobre o estado nutricional de micronutrientes em portadores dessa enfermidade no Brasil. Estudos internacionais vêm demonstrando correlação positiva entre deficiência de micronutrientes e evolução desfavorável da doença.O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar revisão sistemática sobre deficiência de micronutrientes em crianças e adolescentes com anemia falciforme.Foram selecionadas publicações nas bases científicas de dados Medline e Lilacs através do Pubmed e Scielo, disponíveis entre os anos de 1998 e 2008. Foram incluídas na análise as publicações realizadas com crianças e adolescentes portadores da forma homozigótica da doença (SS). A qualidade metodológica dos artigos foi avaliada segundo as recomendações de Strobe, sendo selecionados 11 estudos, sendo 2 transversais, 4 caso-controle e 5 de coorte, todos realizados nos Estados Unidos. A avaliação da concordância entre os avaliadores na classificação da qualidade dos artigos demonstrou ótima concordância (k = 1,00), com um total de 90,9 por cento de trabalhos com classificação B. Para a maioria dos nutrientes estudados (vit. A, D, B6, folato, cálcio e zinco), observou-se estado nutricional desfavorável entre os portadores de anemia falciforme, à exceção do ferro e vitamina B12, cujos resultados revelaram baixo ou nenhum nível de inadequação, seja bioquímica ou dietética. Tal constatação reforça a necessidade do cuidado nutricional no manejo desses pacientes, garantindo qualidade de vida para os portadores da doença.
Sickle cell anemia is a chronic hemolitic disease and very common in Brazil and there are few information about nutritional status of micronutrients in people with sickle cell anemia in this country. International studies have shown positive correlation between deficiency of micronutrients and worst evolution of the disease. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review about deficiency of micronutrients in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia. The publications included were selected through scientific bases Medline and Lilacs, by Pubmed and Scielo, available between 1998 and 2008. In this analysis were included publications with children and adolescents with homozygotic type of the disease (SS). The methodological quality of scientific articles was evaluated according to STROBE recommendations: 11 publications were selected, 2 cross-sectionals, 4 case-controls and 5 cohort studies, all of them from United States of America. The level of concordance between data collected by different researchers showed a very good concordance (k = 1,00) and 90,9 percent of the studies were classified as B category. The analysis of results noticed an unfavourable nutritional status for the majority of the nutrients studied (vitamins A, D, B6, folic acid, calcium, zinc) except for iron and vitamin B12, which results showed low or none biochemical or dietetic inadequate levels. All these results confirm the need of nutritional care with these patients in order to reach a better quality of life for them.
