ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The emergence of penicillin and macrolide resistant strains, responsible for Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in children has offered third generation cephalosporins the platform to perform. The aim of the present study was to evaluate two third generation oral cephalosporins for their empirical use in community acquired lower respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients. An assessment of the clinical cure and bacteriological eradication rates and an overall tolerability was made. METHODS: It was a prospective, open, comparative, multicentric study. 776 children (Mean age 10 years) with LRTIs were included and randomly allotted to two groups respectively. A total of 396 children were given cefpodoxime susp 5 mg/kg b.i.d. and 380 patients on cefixime 4 mg/kg b.i.d. for 10-14 days. RESULTS: At the end of therapy, the clinical success with cefpodoxime was 97% as against 86.8% with cefixime. Bacterial eradication was 93.4% with cefpodoxime and 82.9% with cefixime. CONCLUSION: Cefpodoxime has been found to be a well-tolerated and superior alternative to cefixime synergistically documenting the extended spectrum of activity.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cefixime/therapeutic use , Ceftizoxime/analogs & derivatives , Ceftizoxime/therapeutic use , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Cefixime/adverse effects , Ceftizoxime/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , India , Infant , Male , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , CefpodoximeSubject(s)
Intensive Care, Neonatal/methods , Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing/mortality , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/therapy , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , India , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data , Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing/adverse effects , Male , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateSubject(s)
Cefuroxime/analogs & derivatives , Cephalosporins/therapeutic use , Prodrugs/therapeutic use , Typhoid Fever/drug therapy , Bacteremia/microbiology , Cefuroxime/administration & dosage , Cefuroxime/adverse effects , Cefuroxime/therapeutic use , Cephalosporins/administration & dosage , Cephalosporins/adverse effects , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Prodrugs/administration & dosage , Prodrugs/adverse effects , Remission Induction , Salmonella typhi/drug effectsSubject(s)
Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative/etiology , Hepatitis A/complications , Nephrotic Syndrome/etiology , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Acute Kidney Injury/immunology , Child , Complement C4/analysis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct , Follow-Up Studies , Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative/immunology , Hepatitis C Antibodies/analysis , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/analysis , Immunoglobulin M/analysis , Male , Nephrotic Syndrome/immunologyABSTRACT
Thirty-seven children with fresh, displaced (more than 2 mm in any direction) fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with a partially threaded 4.0-mm diameter AO lag screw. They were reviewed at a mean follow-up of 4.8 years. Painless, full-elbow movements were obtained in 36 cases. Delayed union, with loss of 10 degrees of elbow motion, was observed in one case (2.72%). Radiologically, less than 4 degrees of varus deviation, compared with the contralateral side, was found in four cases (10.8%). Mild fishtailing was observed in three cases (8.18%). Nonunion, avascular necrosis or clinically significant premature epiphysial fusion was not observed. Elbow function was excellent, irrespective of minor radiologic abnormalities.
Subject(s)
Bone Screws , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Humeral Fractures/surgery , Child , Child, Preschool , Elbow Joint/diagnostic imaging , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Fracture Healing , Humans , Humeral Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Humeral Fractures/physiopathology , Male , Radiography , Range of Motion, ArticularABSTRACT
Eighty-one patients with comminuted femoral shaft fractures were treated by closed unlocked Küntscher nailing and functional cast bracing for 1 to 4 weeks postoperatively depending on the degree of comminution. The mean follow-up period was 27.6 months. The average time required for fracture healing was 14 weeks. There was one delayed union. One fracture united with more than 10 degrees of rotational malalignment; shortening of more than 1 cm was present in four cases. Two patients had more than 20 degrees of limitation of hip and knee movement.
Subject(s)
Casts, Surgical , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Nails , Female , Femoral Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Radiography , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Percutaneous tension band wiring was carried out on 26 minimally displaced transverse fractures of the patella. Plaster immobilisation was not necessary and knee movements were encouraged after the 5th day. Excellent function was regained in every case.
Subject(s)
Bone Wires , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Patella/injuries , Adult , Female , Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patella/diagnostic imaging , RadiographyABSTRACT
A rare panmetatarsophalangeal dislocation of the foot in a young male is described. Hyperflexion was instrumental in causing this injury. The dislocation was in the plantar direction.
