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2.
Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care ; 4(4): 326-32, 2015 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25225187

ABSTRACT

AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare lung ultrasound findings in both the supine and upright positions in heart failure patients presenting with dyspnea or chest pain. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed lung ultrasonography on 50 heart failure patients in the emergency department. Each subject underwent eight-zone lung sonography in the seated upright position, followed by a repeat ultrasound in the supine position. Each ultrasound video clip was later assigned a score (0-2 B-lines=0 points, 3-7 B-lines=1 point, >7 B-lines=2 points) by a physician who was blinded to patient position, chest zone, and clinical information. The median B-line score on eight-zone lung ultrasound was significantly higher in the supine (6, interquartile range (IQR) 2-10) vs the sitting position (5, IQR 1-8; p<0.001). Subjects with vascular congestion or pulmonary edema on chest x-ray (CXR) (n=29) also had higher median eight-zone B-line scores in the supine position (6, IQR 4-10) compared to the sitting position (5, IQR 2-8; p=0.002). Subjects without any acute pulmonary findings on CXR (n=19) had similar median eight-zone B-line scores in sitting (4, IQR 1-7) and supine positions (4, IQR 1-9, p=0.093). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that patient positioning may impact the number of B-lines on lung ultrasound in a heart failure population. A consistent approach to patient positioning during lung ultrasonography may be necessary in order to monitor dynamic changes in heart failure.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure/diagnostic imaging , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Patient Positioning/methods , Aged , Emergency Service, Hospital , Female , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Ultrasonography
3.
J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A ; 20(10): 873-6, 2010 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20874231

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Transumbilical laparoscopically assisted appendectomy (TULAA) has been reported in the literature as an alternative to traditional three-port laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). Our study compares outcomes between LA and the one-trocar transumbilical technique in a single institution over a concurrent time frame for all cases of pediatric appendicitis. METHODS: An Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective chart review of all appendectomies from July 2007 through June 2009 was performed. All appendectomies were performed either laparoscopically or transumbilically. One surgeon predominantly used the TULAA method, whereas the other 2 surgeons used strictly the LA method. No cases were converted to open. Categorization of specimens as normal, acute, or ruptured was based on pathology reports. Outcomes analyzed for each group included surgical duration, cost, length of stay, fever (>101.5F), wound infection, ileus, and postoperative abdominal-pelvic abscess. RESULTS: A total of 131 appendectomies were performed by 3 surgeons, 83 were LA and 48 were TULAA. For all stages of appendicitis, outcomes differed significantly only for operating room cost, with the TULAA being significantly less expensive. All other outcomes were similar between the two techniques. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that TULAA is a reasonable alternative to the standard minimally invasive technique for appendicitis in both acute and ruptured situations. All analyzed complications were similar between the groups, suggesting that TULAA is an acceptable surgical method in pediatric patients for all stages of appendicitis.


Subject(s)
Appendectomy/methods , Appendicitis/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery , Age Factors , Appendectomy/economics , Child , Cohort Studies , Female , Health Care Costs , Humans , Laparoscopy/economics , Length of Stay , Male , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Umbilicus
4.
J Nutr ; 139(4): 773-8, 2009 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19225128

ABSTRACT

Moderate childhood wasting is defined as having a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) < -2, but > or = -3. These children are typically given fortified corn/soy blended flour (CSB), but this intervention has shown limited effectiveness. Fortified spreads (FS) can be used as supplementary foods instead; they are energy-dense, lipid-based pastes with added powdered micronutrients. In this randomized clinical effectiveness trial, the recovery rates were compared among children with moderate wasting who received either milk/peanut FS, soy/peanut FS, or CSB. Children received isoenergetic quantities of food, 314 kJ x kg(-1) x d(-1), for up to 8 wk with biweekly follow-up. The primary outcome was recovery, defined as having a WHZ > -2. Time-event analysis was used to compare the recovery rate. A total of 1362 children were enrolled in the study. Children receiving soy/peanut FS had a similar recovery rate to those receiving milk/peanut FS and children in either FS group were more likely to recover than those receiving CSB (80% in both FS groups vs. 72% in the CSB group; P < 0.01). The rate of weight gain in the first 2 wk was greater among children receiving milk/peanut FS (2.6 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), n = 465) or children receiving soy/peanut FS (2.4 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), n = 450) than among children receiving CSB (2.0 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), n = 447; P < 0.05). Rates of length gain did not differ among the 3 groups. A total of 8% of children in each feeding group developed edema, indicative of severe malnutrition, while receiving supplemental feeding. We conclude that FS are superior supplementary foods to CSB for moderately wasted Malawian children.


Subject(s)
Child Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy , Glycine max , Infant Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy , Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Zea mays , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Malawi , Male
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