Effect of high-protein or normal-protein diet on weight loss, body composition, hormone, and metabolic profile in southern Brazilian women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized study.

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of a high protein (HP) and a normal protein (NP) diet on patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and body mass index-matched controls in a sample of southern Brazilian women. This 8-week randomized trial was carried out at a university gynecological endocrinology clinic and included 18 patients with PCOS and 22 controls. Changes in weight, body composition, hormone, and metabolic profile were analyzed in women randomized to receive HP (30% protein, 40% carbohydrate, and 30% lipid) or NP (15% protein, 55% carbohydrate, and 30% lipid). The energy content was estimated for each participant at 20-25 kcal/kg current weight/day. Physical activity, blood pressure, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, and fasting and 2-h glucose and insulin remained stable during the intervention in PCOS and controls, even in the presence of weight loss. There were no changes in lipid profile in either group. In contrast, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percent of body fat, and sum of trunk skinfolds decreased significantly after both diets in both groups. Total testosterone also decreased in PCOS and controls regardless of diet. In conclusion, calorie reduction, rather than protein content, seemed to affect body composition and hormonal profile in this short-term study. These findings emphasize the role of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce weight and ameliorate the anthropometric and clinical phenotype in PCOS.

Estimation of pollutant partition in sandy soils with different water contents.

The objectives of this work were: (1) to identify an isotherm model to relate the contaminant contents in the gas phase with those in the solid and non-aqueous liquid phases; (2) to develop a methodology for the estimation of the contaminant distribution in the different phases of the soil; and (3) to evaluate the influence of soil water content on the contaminant distribution in soil. For sandy soils with negligible contents of clay and natural organic matter, contaminated with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, trichloroethylene (TCE), and perchloroethylene (PCE), it was concluded that: (1) Freundlich's model showed to be adequate to relate the contaminant contents in the gas phase with those in the solid and non-aqueous liquid phases; (2) the distribution of the contaminants in the different phases present in the soil could be estimated with differences lower than 10% for 83% of the cases; and (3) an increase of the soil water content led to a decrease of the amount of contaminant in the solid and non-aqueous liquid phases, increasing the amount in the other phases.

O procedimento da OMS para o diagnóstico da tolerância diminuída à glicose gestacional - um estudo em gestantes de pré-natal / Procedure and criteria recommended by the World Health Organization for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes: a study among pregnant women in a public hospitalïs prenatal care unit, Porto Alegre, RS

O procedimento e critérios recomendados pela OMS para diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional foram pouco estudados e, portanto, pouco empregados em nosso meio. Com o objetivo de avaliar a distribuição das glicemias a partir da proposta da OMS, 1113 gestantes em dois serviçoes de pré-natal geral de Porto Alegre-RS, realizaram teste oral de tolerância à glicose entre a 24 e 28 semanas de gestação...

Punçäo aspirativa de ganglio linfático: revisäo de 283 casos puncionados no Hospital das Clínicas da F. M. de Botucatu / Aspiration puncture of lymph node: review of 283 cases punctured in the Hospital das Clínicas of Botucatu F. M

Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia do método de punçäo aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) em nódulos linfáticos, bem como avaliar a distribuiçäo das diferentes lesöes diagnosticadas, estudamos 283 casos aspirados no HC da FMB. Tivemos 187 casos negativos para células neoplásicas (66,07//) 10 casos suspeitos (3,53//) e 86 casos positivos para neoplasia (30,38//). Os casos de material insuficiente näo foram considerados nesta análise. Das lesöes benignas, a maior parte correspondia a linfadenites. Estas foram caracterizadas em três grandes grupos: 32 casos de linfadenite aguda (11,31//), 83 casos de linfadenite reacional inespecífica (29,32//) e 46 casos de processo inflamatório crônico granulomatoso (16,25//), 1 caso de histoplasmose e 1 caso sugestivo de doença de Kikuchi. As neoplasias foram subdivididas em primárias e metastáticas, sendo que das primárias 13 eram linfomas de Hodgkin (4,59// e 14 linfomas näo Hodgkin (4,94//). Mais recentemente temos introduzido técnicas imunocitoquímicas para melhor caracterizaçäo dos linfomas e como auxiliar na detecçäo de sítios primitivos em punçöes de metástases

Avaliaçäo da fertilidade com ratos Rattus norvergicus Albinus machos tratados cronicamente com morfina endovenosa / Fertility evaluation in male rats (Rattus novergius albinus) chronically treated with endovenous morphine

O presente trabalho avalia a fertilidade em ratos machos tratados cronicamente com cloridrato de morfina com injeçäo diárias via endovenosa. A escolha do uso desta via de administraçäo deu-se pelo fato de que em plano piloto anterior, a morfina mostrou alteraçöes na fertilidade destes animais, o que näo ocorreu em trabalhos anteriores quando injetada intraperitonealmente. O objetivo deste trabalho, portanto, é determinar a ocorrência de alteraçöes na fertilidade e morfologia dos testículos, hipófise, genitais acessórios e espermatozóides desses ratos, haja vista a incidência ao uso abusivo deste fármaco por humanos