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1.
Acute Med Surg ; 10(1): e832, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37051092

ABSTRACT

Background: Neurofibromatosis type I is rarely associated with vascular abnormalities. Here, we report a case of rapid airway stenosis caused by a ruptured occipital artery that was treated with surgical airway management. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old woman, with no medical history, presented with a chief complaint of a sudden neck pain on the left side. She had a prominent mass in the outer left side of the neck. After arrival at the emergency room, the patient complained of severe dyspnea and experienced a rapid drop in oxygen saturation. Supplemental ventilation was ineffective, and tracheal intubation was attempted; however, laryngeal expansion could not be observed because of the enlarged cervical mass. Therefore, to manage the surgical airway, a cricothyrotomy was first carried out, which resulted in an immediate increase in oxygen saturation. Two percutaneous embolizations and one surgical procedure were carried out, and the patient was discharged without any complications. Conclusion: For a sudden onset cervical mass, airway management should be undertaken, keeping in mind the possibility of worsening rapid airway narrowing due to bleeding.

2.
Crit Care ; 21(1): 320, 2017 12 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29268759

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To compare the efficacy of three antiseptic solutions [0.5%, and 1.0% alcohol/chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine (PVI)] for the prevention of intravascular catheter colonization, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in patients from 16 intensive care units in Japan. METHODS: Adult patients undergoing central venous or arterial catheter insertions were randomized to have one of three antiseptic solutions applied during catheter insertion and dressing changes. The primary endpoint was the incidence of catheter colonization, and the secondary endpoint was the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI). RESULTS: Of 1132 catheters randomized, 796 (70%) were included in the full analysis set. Catheter-tip colonization incidence was 3.7, 3.9, and 10.5 events per 1000 catheter-days in 0.5% CHG, 1% CHG, and PVI groups, respectively (p = 0.03). Pairwise comparisons of catheter colonization between groups showed a significantly higher catheter colonization risk in the PVI group (0.5% CHG vs. PVI: hazard ratio, HR 0.33 [95% confidence interval, CI 0.12-0.95], p = 0.04; 1.0% CHG vs. PVI: HR 0.35 [95% CI 0.13-0.93], p = 0.04). Sensitivity analyses including all patients by multiple imputations showed consistent quantitative conclusions (0.5% CHG vs. PVI: HR 0.34, p = 0.03; 1.0% CHG vs. PVI: HR 0.35, p = 0.04). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of CRBSI between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both 0.5% and 1.0% alcohol CHG are superior to 10% aqueous PVI for the prevention of intravascular catheter colonization. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Japanese Primary Registries Network; No.: UMIN000008725 Registered on 1 September 2012.


Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Urinary Catheterization/adverse effects , Administration, Topical , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Catheter-Related Infections/epidemiology , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Catheterization, Central Venous/statistics & numerical data , Chlorhexidine/analogs & derivatives , Chlorhexidine/pharmacology , Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Incidence , Intensive Care Units/organization & administration , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Japan/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Povidone-Iodine/pharmacology , Povidone-Iodine/therapeutic use , Urinary Catheterization/methods , Urinary Catheterization/statistics & numerical data
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