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1.
Int J Infect Dis ; 97: 293-295, 2020 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32535295

ABSTRACT

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the cause of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first reported in Wuhan, China, and now has spread across the world as a global pandemic. The propagation from asymptomatic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive individuals represents a complicating factor in the efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the course of PCR assays and the duration of viral shedding in 23 asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients from the cruise ship who were admitted to our hospital. Among these 23 cases, the median duration of viral shedding was 19 days (range, 6-37 days) from initial viral detection. Eight cases (35%) had another positive PCR result after testing negative once. Although the duration of viral shedding was approximately three weeks, the infectivity and transmissibility period from asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 cases is unclear. Further studies are needed to determine how long such asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 cases have infectivity.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/physiopathology , Pneumonia, Viral/physiopathology , Ships , Virus Shedding , Adult , Aged , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Time , Tokyo
2.
J Cardiothorac Surg ; 11(1): 114, 2016 Aug 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27484083

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: One cause of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax includes overlooking bullae during a previous surgery for pneumothorax; and the identification of the culprit lesions is necessary for prevention of recurrence. CASE PRESENTATION: A 28-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of spontaneous right-sided pneumothorax. He underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, which did not reveal air leakage. The patient was subsequently seen at our hospital for 2 additional episodes of recurrent right-sided pneumothorax. At the third admission we observed intermittent air leakage while the patient was in the sitting position after chest drainage, and we performed surgery. An intraoperative submersion test showed air leakage dorsally from the pleural surface of S(6) and a minute culprit lesion, which were not seen at the first operation and confirmed the leakage site. The area was ligated and coated with regenerated oxidized cellulose mesh and autologous blood. CONCLUSION: In cases of pneumothorax with repeated recurrence, the best time to perform surgery on the patient with undetectable culprit lesion is the exact time that air leakage is observed.


Subject(s)
Cellulose, Oxidized/administration & dosage , Pneumothorax/surgery , Tissue Adhesives/administration & dosage , Adult , Air , Blood , Female , Humans , Male , Pneumonectomy , Pneumothorax/diagnostic imaging , Pneumothorax/etiology , Recurrence , Time Factors
3.
J Infect Chemother ; 17(2): 268-71, 2011 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20820839

ABSTRACT

Infection with human parvovirus B19 (PVB19) induces acquired pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Chronic hemolytic anemia is well known as an underlying condition. However, additional factors have been recognized to accompany parvoviral PRCA; however, there are only limited reports on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) and rituximab-induced B-cell dysfunction. We report two patients with PVB19-associated PRCA confirmed by positivity of viral DNA. Although they had no chronic hemolysis, patient 1 had IDA, and patient 2 had remitted small-lymphocytic lymphoma treated with rituximab-containing chemotherapy. Absence of reticulocytes in peripheral blood and marked depletion of erythroid precursors in bone marrow were observed both. Whereas patient 1 received only symptomatic therapy because anemia was not severe, patient 2 was treated with steroids, as PRCA etiology was at first uncertain, and immunological PRCA was not excluded. Both showed rapid increase of reticulocyte counts and recovery from anemia. Although immunoglobulin is considered effective for parvoviral PRCA, notable adverse reactions have been reported. When anemic symptom is not severe, reticulocyte observation only is recommended. The effects of steroids should also be re-evaluated. Optimal treatment according to disease severity remains to be established.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/complications , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/complications , Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure/virology , Adult , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use , DNA, Viral/analysis , DNA, Viral/genetics , Female , Hemolysis , Humans , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy , Middle Aged , Parvoviridae Infections/virology , Parvovirus B19, Human/genetics , Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification , Rituximab
4.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol ; 24(4): 245-8, 2006 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17348248

ABSTRACT

We report a 72-year-old female case of IgG-kappa type multiple myeloma (MM) simultaneously complicated with Sjögren syndrome (SS). She also presented marked hyperamylasemia of salivary-type isozyme. Although she had received sequential chemotherapy completed with high-dose therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, she died of relapse fifteen months after the initial diagnosis. Various autoantibodies indicated that her sicca symptoms were due to true SS and not caused by MM cell infiltration to exocrine glands. MM cells appeared to produce amylase that fluctuated correspondingly to the disease status of MM. To our knowledge, this is the first English report of simultaneous complication of SS and MM referring to hyperamylasemia. Accumulation of this rare clinical manifestation is important to elucidate the pathogenesis of MM under condition of immunological disorder caused by SS.


Subject(s)
Multiple Myeloma/complications , Sjogren's Syndrome/complications , Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Hyperamylasemia/blood , Hyperamylasemia/complications , Hyperamylasemia/diagnosis , Hyperamylasemia/therapy , Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/blood , Multiple Myeloma/blood , Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis , Multiple Myeloma/therapy , Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation , Sjogren's Syndrome/blood , Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis , Sjogren's Syndrome/therapy , Transplantation, Autologous
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