ABSTRACT
Outbreaks of Salmonella spp. gastro-enteritis in hospitals are of concern because of the increased susceptibility of patients and associated high morbidity. This study is a report of a nosocomial outbreak of Salmonella enteritidis associated with enteral nutrition. In December 1999, one sample of enteral feed tested positive for S. enteritidis. During the subsequent 6 weeks, eight cases of nosocomial salmonellosis occurred. Patients involved in the outbreak were aged 19-79 years (median = 36.5), and salmonella was isolated from the blood of two patients. All patients were receiving enteral nutrition at the time and all had diarrhoea. Three patients died. All 13 employees of the Nutrition Department were asymptomatic and their stool samples were negative. Environmental and water samples were also negative. The diet, however, contained lyophilized egg albumin. Molecular typing showed that the isolates of seven patients were indistinguishable from the one obtained from the enteral diet. It was thought that the nosocomial salmonellosis probably occurred due to the use of a commercial lyophilized diet. Another method of processing diets may be necessary to ensure patient safety.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Enteral Nutrition/adverse effects , Salmonella Food Poisoning/epidemiology , Salmonella enteritidis/isolation & purification , Adult , Aged , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross Infection/etiology , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Eggs/microbiology , Female , Food Microbiology , Freeze Drying , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Medical Records , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Salmonella Food Poisoning/etiology , Salmonella Food Poisoning/prevention & control , Salmonella enteritidis/drug effectsABSTRACT
A prospective clinical study of 17 patients with a histologic diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma proved at colonoscopy and surgery was performed with indium-111 anticarcinoembryonic-antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody (MoAb), ZCE-025. MoAb scanning depicted nine of 16 primary colorectal carcinomas on planar scintigrams (true-positive findings = 56%) and ten of 16 lesions on single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans (true-positive findings = 62%). Liver metastases were detected in three of three patients, and lymph node metastases were detected in one of four patients. Immunohistochemical examination for CEA in resected colorectal cancer tissues demonstrated a positive correlation between MoAb imaging of primary lesions and cytoplasmic-stromal intracellular CEA distribution. There was no correlation between CEA serum levels and lesion detectability with MoAb scanning.
