ABSTRACT
The antinociceptive properties of Casearia sylvestris Sw. (Flacourtiaceae) were investigated in various models of pain-related behavior in mice. The hydroalcoholic crude extract of the plant (30-300mg/kg, per os) clearly inhibited nocifensive responses induced by ovalbumin (hindpaw licking) or acetic acid (writhes) in graded fashion. At 300mg/kg, the extract reduced nocifensive behaviors (from 71.1+/-13.3 to 14.8+/-9.3s; from 31.3+/-4.5 to 3.3+/-1.2 writhes, respectively) to similar extents as indomethacin (5mg/kg; 5.7+/-1.1s and 3.3+/-1.2 writhes, respectively). Significant antinociceptive effects in the hot plate test were only detected following administration of the highest extract dose, but this analgesic action appeared to be specific as the extract failed to change motor and exploratory activities. The antinociceptive effect of Casearia sylvestris extract in the acetic acid test was prevented by prior treatment with the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (1mg/kg; 5.8+/-4.2 and 31.5+/-3.1 writhes in vehicle-treated and naloxone-treated groups, respectively), indicating that the endogenous opioid system is involved in its analgesic mechanism of action. Thus, our investigation suggests a potential therapeutic benefit of Casearia sylvestris Sw. in treating conditions associated with inflammatory pain.
Subject(s)
Analgesics/pharmacology , Casearia , Pain/drug therapy , Analgesics/therapeutic use , Analgesics/toxicity , Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Mice , Morphine/pharmacology , Naloxone/pharmacology , Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology , Pain/etiology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/toxicity , RatsABSTRACT
Foram utilizados 3.000 pintos de corte em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com cinco repetiçöes de 150 aves por unidade experimental para avaliar o efeito de promotores de crescimento sobre o consumo de raçäo, ganho de peso e conversäo alimentar de frangos de corte. As dietas experimentais foram: 1- dieta inicial (20,2 por cento de proteína bruta e 2931kcal de energia metabolizável) de 1 a 20 dias de idade (DI) e dieta final (18,5 por cento de proteína bruta e 2993kcal de energia metabolizável) de 21 a 40 dias de idade (DF); 2- DI mais 0,02 por cento do probiótico Calsporin 10 para a fase inicial e DF mais 0,02 por cento do probiótico Calsporin 10 para a fase final; 3- DI mais 2,0 por cento de probiótico Estibion aves na fase inicial e DF mais 0,63 por cento do probiótico Estibion aves para a fase final; 4- DI mais 0,013 por cento do antibiótico bacitracina de zinco para a fase inicial e DF mais 0,013 por cento do antibiótico bacitracina de zinco para a fase final. Na fase inicial os frangos alimentados com dietas contendo probióticos consumiram menos raçäo e tiveram melhor conversäo alimentar. Os promotores de crescimento näo tiveram efeito sobre as variáveis estudadas na fase final e no período total de criaçäo. Observou-se maior peso de coxa para machos alimentados com dietas contendo o poliprobiótico.
