[Total revascularization of the lower limb in a patient with multifocal atherosclerosis and critical ischaemia]. / Total'naia revaskuliarizatsiia nizhnei konechnosti u bol'nogo s mul'tifokal'nym aterosklerozom i kriticheskoi ishemiei.

Described in the article is a clinical case report regarding revascularization of the entire arterial bed of the lower extremity in a male patient presenting with multifocal atherosclerosis, stenoses of the arteries of the iliofemoral segment, occlusions of the superficial femoral artery, popliteal artery and arteries of the crus. Clinically, the patient was diagnosed as having critical ischaemia of the lower limb with wet necrosis of the toes. The patient simultaneously underwent semiclosed loop endarterectomy from the arteries of the femoropopliteal segment with the help of the Vollmar rings, autovenous popliteal-tibial prosthetic repair, as well as exarticulation of the toes.

[GENDER FEATURES CHANGES OF MICROBIOTA GASTRIC AT DISEASES GASTRODUODENAL ZONE].

The aim of the study was to examine changes in the microbiota gastric an diseases gastroduodenal zone to highlight gender features. We examined patients at esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed biopsies mucous membrane fence with the wall mucus, followed by microscopic, microbiological, histological examination. When polyposis and gastric cancer incidence in women H. pylori was less than that of men. In diseases of the gastroduodenal zone level changes gastric microbiota reflects the morphological condition of the mucous membrane, the gender differences in most cases are not detected. The highest frequency of inoculation and the amount typical for Streptococcus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, H. pylori, Candida spp., Escherichia coli, Lactobacilli. Status microbiota gastroduodenal zone in patients with consider when correcting their treatment.

[The mode of prognosis course of gastric ulcer].

The stomach ulcer is widely spread and is characterized by dangerous and now and then lethal complications. The study was carried out to develop mode of prognosis of course of stomach ulcer. The complex examination of 40 healthy volunteers (control group) and 42 patients with stomach ulcer (main group)was implemented. All participants gave informed consent. In blood serum of examined persons using immune enzyme technique the concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), pepsinogen-II (PG-II) and cancer antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) were detected. The results were statistically processed. In patients levels of sIgA and PG-II exceeded upper limits of normal values in 90.5% and 61.9% of cases correspondingly and depended on course of disease. The level CA 72-4 was higher of upper limit of normal values in all patients with severe course and frequent exacerbations of stomach ulcer. The detected in patients significant alterations of sIgA, PG-II, CA 72-4 permit to recommend detection of the given combination of indices for prognosis of course of stomach ulcer.

Interrelation secretory activity of stomach and immunes changes of peripheral blood when ulcerogenesis stomach.

Incidence of gastric ulcer is high in almost all countries of the world. On the development and course of the disease affect the state acid- and enzymes production stomach, immune status. The purpose was to determine the presence and power of correlative links secretory activity of the stomach and immune changes in the peripheral blood during exacerbation of ulcer disease stomach. Methods: Surveyed in obtaining informed consent 42 patients with gastric ulcer in the acute phase prior to the eradication and antisecretory therapy and 40 healthy volunteers. On the state of function acid- and enzymes production of the gastric mucosa judged by the results of a 2-hour intragastric pH-metry and serum concentration pepsinogen, gastrin before the start of active treatment. Immunophenotype lymphocytes on CD-antigens (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19, CD45, CD56) was measured by immunofluorescence, levels immunoglobulin isotype M, G, A, E - ELISA method. Results: When short-term intragastric pH-metry of the stomach hyperacidity patients recorded 6.7 times more likely than healthy, normacidity - 12.3 times less. Reduction of acid production was observed up to 8.6 times more, indicating the development of mucosal atrophy. Basal pH in the antrum was lower by 54.5% than in the control group, with stimulation increased by 33.6%, but remained lower than the values of healthy individuals by 48.7%. When ELISA amount pepsinogen patients showed significant increase in serum levels of PG-I relative to the control group at 33.4%, PG-II - 52%. In assessing the immune status of patients were identified changes in system phagocytes, cellular and humoral links, most pronounced for severe current peptic ulcer disease. Conclusion: The results indicate the presence of positive and negative correlative links mild to moderate force between indicators of secretory activity of gastric mucosal innate and adaptive immunity in patients with acute exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease. The presence and nature of these relationships should be taken into account when appointing antisecretory drugs.

[Detection of the markers of herpesvirus infections in stomach diseases of inhabitants of the Republic of Mordovia].

The study included 120 patients with pre-cancer conditions of the stomach and 30 patients with gastric cancer stage II-IV. The ELISA method in the blood serum was used to determine the markers of the infection caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The majority of the patients exhibited high titers of markers of Herpesvirus mixed infection. These data allow recommending the determination of IgG antibodies to antigens of herpesviruses in patients with the diseases of the stomach and assigning the appropriate antiviral drugs.

[The changes in serum concentrations of interleukin-17 in diseases gastroduodenal zone].

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Identify on patients with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, serum concentrations of interleukin-17 and its relationship to clinical and morphological and serological characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comprehensive survey of 156 patients with diseases gastroduodenal zone. Diagnostic emphasis was placed on ELISA method as defined in the serum of IL-17, pepsinogen-I, - II, total antibodies to CagA Helicobacter pylori. RESULTS: In studied patients revealed changes in the concentration of interleukin-17 correlate with the stage of atrophy of the gastric mucosa, tumor, level of pepsinogen, antibodies to the Helicobacter pylori. CONCLUSION: The data obtained allow to recommend the use of interleukin-17 in serological differential diagnosis of diseases gastroduodenal zone.

[Serum interleukin-18 level in precancerous conditions and gastric cancer].

UNLABELLED: The purpose of the study--to determine the serum concentration and the pathogenetic significance of changes of interleukin-18 in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS.:A comprehensive survey of 192 patients with diseases gastroduodenal zone. Diagnostic emphasis was placed on ELISA method as defined in the serum of IL-18, --1beta, interferon-gamma, kantsernogo antigen 19-9, vascular endothelial growth factor, total antibodies to CagA Helicobacter pylori. RESULTS: We examined patients revealed an increase in the concentration of interleukin-18, which correlated with tumor stage, the level of vascular endothelial growth factor, total antibodies to CagA Helicobacter pylori. CONCLUSION: The data obtained allow to recommend the use of interleukin-18 in serum for diagnostic of atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancer.

[The role of interleukin-1 and associated cytokines in gastric carcinogenesis].

This review presents detailed analysis of scientific data on influence of the associated with interleukin-1 cytokines on the development of malignant tumors of stomach with the definition of spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. Cytokines associated with interleukin-1 directly and indirectly involved into gastric carcinogenesis. Implementation of pro- and contreoncogenic effects depends on many factors. The serological and genetic criteria changes of interleukin-1 have high diagnostic value and prognostic significance opening new differential approaches to the treatment of precancer conditions and gastric cancer.

[Peculiarities of stress erosive ulcerous injuries of stomach and small intestine].

AIM: The aim of this investigation is to estimate the role of systemic injuries of lipid metabolism in pathogenesis of ulceration on the model of stress ulcerogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There have been assumed as a basis of the work experimental investigations on 60 pubertal white rats of both sexes weighing 200 gr. There was studied the state of macroscopic picture of stomach and small intestine, qualitative and quantitative lipid composition, lipid peroxidation, phospholipase A2, catalase, superoxide dismutase in stomach tissues, small intestine and blood plasma. RESULTS: The facts of the experimental investigations show, that by the effect of ulceration stress there are processes, that underlie modifications of lipid components of cell structures' biomembranes, and registered by qualitative and quantitative changes of lipid composition. Intensification of lipid peroxidation and activation of phospholipase A2 are the key mechanisms of qualitative and quantitative composition of biomembranes' lipid components, and they reduce to beginnings of cascade of pathomorphological and pathophysiological reactions in cell structures, which cause beginnings of membrane destructive processes, that is as a basis of ulcerogenesis. CONCLUSION: In the result there is broken morphofunctional state of mucous membrane (one of the main factors of protection), that in the end makes it accessible substratum for other aggressive factors and promotes the formation of ulcerous defects.

[An alternative model of structural organization of the ternary complex antigen-protein MHC II-TCR]. / Al'ternativnaia model' strukturnoi organizatsii troinogo kompleksa antigen-belok MHC II -TCR.

An alternative model of organization of the structure of ternary complex "antigen-molecule" of the main complex of histocompatible class II (MHC II)--antigenic receptor of T-cells (TCR) is suggested. In contrast to the already developed ones the new model foresees TCR interaction with only one (beta)-chain of the molecule MHC (II), with its surface site having the structure of alpha-spiral. The second (alpha)-chain of the molecule MHC II performs only antigen-binding and supporting function. According to the structure of the code of amino acids interaction a comparative analysis of the roots (bases of the second nucleotides) of amino acid codons of fragments of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-invariant chains of MHC II, as well as some antigens and immunoregulators. An expressed similarity of the structures of spiral fragment of beta- and gamma-chains of MHC II both between themselves and with certain antigens and natural immunoregulators.

[Evoked brain potentials and perception errors]. / Vyzvannye potentsialy mozga i oshibki vospriiatiia.

Visual evoked potentials were studied in a psychophysical experiment based on discrimination of two phtoic flashes of different brightness. EP were summarized in accordance with the four experimental results: correct detection, misses, false alarms and correct rejection. It was found out that EP parameters are in a rather precise correspondence with the perceived brightness of stimuli. The subjective brightness depends in its turn, on two factors: intensity of stimulation and sensitivity of sensory input. Maintenance of sensitivity at a constant level provides for the precision of perception. On the contrary, the changes in sensitivity lead to errors in detection. The data obtained show that these changes may result from the shift of brain DC potential.