ABSTRACT
Two clinical cases of canine dysautonomia are described. Two young female neutered dogs were presented with clinical signs including vomiting, diarrhoea, faecal tenesmus, dysphagia and urinary retention. Decreased tear production, dry mucous membranes, bilateral Horner's syndrome, decreased anal sphincter tone and gastrointestinal hypomotility were also observed. Presumptive diagnoses of dysautonomia were made based on the clinical presentation and investigations. Postmortem histopathological examination in one of the cases demonstrated marked depletion of neuronal cell bodies in the intestinal myenteric plexuses and parasympathetic ganglia, confirming the diagnosis in this case. Criteria for aiding the antemortem diagnosis of this rare condition based on clinical observations and diagnostic testing are proposed.
Subject(s)
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Animals , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/blood , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/pathology , Autopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Dog Diseases/blood , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Female , RadiographyABSTRACT
Electromyography was used as an aid to the diagnosis of equine motor neuron disease in a conscious horse while it was under caudal epidural anaesthesia. A muscle biopsy was taken to confirm the diagnosis which was then supported by a postmortem examination.
Subject(s)
Horse Diseases/diagnosis , Motor Neuron Disease/veterinary , Anesthesia, Caudal/veterinary , Animals , Biopsy/veterinary , Electromyography/veterinary , Female , Horse Diseases/pathology , Horses , Motor Neuron Disease/diagnosis , Motor Neuron Disease/pathology , Muscle, Skeletal/pathologySubject(s)
Cobalt/deficiency , Disease Outbreaks/veterinary , Hepatic Encephalopathy/veterinary , Sheep Diseases/epidemiology , Sheep Diseases/etiology , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Female , Hepatic Encephalopathy/epidemiology , Hepatic Encephalopathy/etiology , Liver/pathology , Male , Scotland/epidemiology , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/blood , Sheep Diseases/pathology , Stereotypic Movement Disorder/etiologyABSTRACT
We sought to determine the normal within-sheep variability of bronchoalveolar cellular parameters and to infer the numbers of sheep required to detect a defined significant change within the same. We further sought to examine the effect of repeated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on those parameters. Neither the total cell number nor the absolute numbers of any given cell type changed significantly following repeated BAL. Additionally, there was no significant change in percentage differential cell populations over time in randomly sampled lobes. However for lobes sampled repeatedly, a significant change in the percentage of lymphocytes was detected. Although the percentages of neutrophils in repeatedly and randomly sampled lobes were significantly correlated, the percentage found in the former tended to be greater and more variable than in the latter. As a consequence, larger group sizes are required to detect given changes in neutrophil percentages in repeatedly sampled lobes over time when compared with detecting equivalent changes in randomly selected lobes.
