ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To determine the prevalence and analyze the profile of patients with pressure sores, focusing on risk factors, the patients' clinical characteristics at a tertiary care center, as well as stage and location of the lesions on the body. METHODS: This was a cross sectional not controlled observational study, all patients admitted from April to June of 2005 were observed daily to identify all cases of pressure sores. The affected patients were evaluated by a standard questionnaire and the Scale of Braden was applied to define the risk of developing ulcers. RESULTS: Of the 690 patients admitted during the referred period, a prevalence of 5.9% of patients with lesions was observed, equivalent to 41 patients 63.9% of which were elderly and the average length of stay was 18 days. In the sample studied 41.5% of patients were found in the internal medicine section and the intensive care unit, ICU. The most common location for sores was the sacral area, corresponding to 73.1% of the patients, and stage II was the most frequent, observed in 58.5% of those patients. According to the Braden scale, most patients, 80.4%, had a high risk of developing pressure ulcers, compared to 9.7% of patients with moderate risk and 7.4% with low risk. CONCLUSION: The affected patients were at high risk of developing pressure sores. Prevalence of these lesions and the clinical and demographic profile of the affected patients are in accordance with the data in literature.
Subject(s)
Pressure Ulcer , Sacrum , Age Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay , Male , Middle Aged , Pressure Ulcer/diagnosis , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Pressure Ulcer/etiology , White People/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
OBJETIVOS: Determinar a prevalência e analisar o perfil dos portadores de lesão por pressão, enfocando fatores de risco, características clínicas e demográficas dos pacientes internados em hospital geral e estádio e localização das lesões no corpo. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal observacional não controlado. Foram observados diariamente os pacientes internados em hospital geral no período de abril a junho de 2005, a fim de identificar todos os casos de lesão por pressão. Os pacientes acometidos foram avaliados através de um questionário padronizado e a Escala de Braden foi aplicada para definir o risco de desenvolvimento das lesões. RESULTADOS: Do total de 690 pacientes internados durante o período referido, observou-se uma prevalência de 5,9 por cento de portadores de lesão por pressão, equivalente a 41 pacientes. Desses, 63,9 por cento eram idosos. A média do tempo de internação foi de 18 dias. Observou-se que o setor de clínica médica e a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) apresentaram prevalência de 41,5 por cento. Quanto à localização das lesões, 73,1 por cento apresentavam-na em região sacral, e o grau mais evidenciado foi o estádio II, perfazendo um total de 58,5 por cento. De acordo com a Escala de Braden, a maioria (80,4 por cento) apresentava alto risco para o desenvolvimento das lesões, comparado com 9,7 por cento dos pacientes com risco moderado e 7,4 por cento com baixo risco. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes acometidos apresentaram alto risco de desenvolver lesões por pressão. A prevalência dessas e o perfil clínico e demográfico dos pacientes acometidos estão de acordo com os dados encontrados na literatura.
BACKGROUND: To determine the prevalence and analyze the profile of patients with pressure sores, focusing on risk factors, the patients' clinical characteristics at a tertiary care center, as well as stage and location of the lesions on the body. METHODS: This was a cross sectional not controlled observational study, all patients admitted from April to June of 2005 were observed daily to identify all cases of pressure sores. The affected patients were evaluated by a standard questionnaire and the Scale of Braden was applied to define the risk of developing ulcers. RESULTS: Of the 690 patients admitted during the referred period, a prevalence of 5.9 percent of patients with lesions was observed, equivalent to 41 patients 63.9 percent of which were elderly and the average length of stay was 18 days. In the sample studied 41.5 percent of patients were found in the internal medicine section and the intensive care unit, ICU. The most common location for sores was the sacral area, corresponding to 73.1 percent of the patients, and stage II was the most frequent, observed in 58.5 percent of those patients. According to the Braden scale, most patients, 80.4 percent, had a high risk of developing pressure ulcers, compared to 9.7 percent of patients with moderate risk and 7.4 percent with low risk. CONCLUSION: The affected patients were at high risk of developing pressure sores. Prevalence of these lesions and the clinical and demographic profile of the affected patients are in accordance with the data in literature.
