Prevalence, Pattern, and Severity of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in 8-12-year-old Schoolchildren of Moradabad City.

Aim and objective: Recently, molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) has become more evident and one of the most common reasons for loss of teeth in children after dental caries. Being a country with a diverse ethnic population, the prevalence of MIH in different regions of India may differ. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence, pattern, and severity of MIH in 8-12-year-old Schoolchildren in Moradabad city. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in various schools of Moradabad city to target a sample of 2,300 children aged between 8 and 12 years. The examination was done in their respective schools by a calibrated examiner in natural daylight using European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry diagnostic criteria for MIH 2015. The results, thus obtained, were statistically analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square test. Results: A prevalence of 3.96% (91/2300) for MIH was reported without any gender predilection. Molar hypomineralization showed a prevalence of 1.3% (29/2300) whereas the prevalence for hypomineralization of second primary molars was 1.4% (22/1620). The most common type of defect was type 2 and most of the affected teeth were of grade I. Mandibular molars were more commonly affected compared to the maxillary molars. Conclusions: A prevalence of 3.96% (91/2300) was observed for MIH. Frequent dental screening camps should be organized in schools at the community level for the enhancement of early diagnosis of MIH and designing appropriate management strategies. How to cite this article: Khan A, Garg N, Mayall SS, et al. Prevalence, Pattern, and Severity of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in 8-12-year-old Schoolchildren of Moradabad City. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(2):168-174.

Resorbable Collagen Barrier Impeding the Extrusion of Obturating Material in Primary Molars Undergoing Resorption - A Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of placing a resorbable collagen barrier in impeding the extrusion of obturation material in primary molars undergoing resorption. STUDY DESIGN: All the 94 canals in 47 mandibular molars were allocated to 2 groups- Group 'A'- 47 canals with collagen barrier (Test group) and Group 'B'- 47 canals without collagen barrier (Control group) based on randomization protocol. Pulpectomy was performed and obturation of both test and control canals were radiographically assessed. Pearson's chi - square test was applied to analyze the results. The significance level was predetermined at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Among the test group, 93.6% of the canals showed no extrusion while, 6.4% showed visible extrusion of the material outside the apex. In the control group, 83% showed no extrusion whereas 17% of the canals showed visible extrusion outside the apex. But no significant difference was noted (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The placement of resorbable collagen barrier in the apical third of the canal prevented the extrusion of obturating material beyond the apex in resorbing primary molars.

Combined Effect of Enamel Deproteinization and Intermediate Bonding in the Retention of Pit and Fissure Sealants in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: This manuscript shows if enamel deproteinization along with an intermediate layer of bonding enhances the retention of pit and fissure sealants.. STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred six mandibular first permanent molars were allocated to Group I (n=103) and Group II (n=103). Group I underwent deproteinization, acid etching, bonding agent application and pit & fissure sealant placement while Group II treated with acid etching followed by pit & fissure sealant application only. Clinical analysis of all the teeth in the two groups was performed at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months respectively. Pearson's chi - square test was utilized to evaluate the success of both treatment procedures (p<0.05). RESULTS: At 12 months follow up the differences between the groups pertaining to Marginal integrity, Marginal discoloration and Anatomical form were statistically significant suggesting enhanced retention in Group I. CONCLUSIONS: Enamel deproteinization along with the use of intermediate bonding layer significantly enhances the retention of pit and fissure sealants in terms of enhanced marginal integrity, decreased marginal discoloration and preserving the anatomical form.

Comparison of Dermatoglyphic Pattern among Cleft and Noncleft Children: A Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Oral clefts are among the common congenital birth defects with a broad phenotypic gamut. Since the epidermal ridges of the fingers and palms as well as the facial structures like lip, alveolus, and palate are formed from the same embryonic tissues during the same embryonic period, the genetic and environmental factors responsible for causing cleft lip and palate might also affect dermatoglyphic patterns. AIM: Thus, study was undertaken to compare the dermato-glyphic pattern of children with orofacial clefts and normal children and to determine the correlation of dermatoglyphics with orofacial clefts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total study sample consisted of 120 children in the age group of 3 to 16 years being divided into study and control groups. Dermatoglyphic data obtained from both control and study groups were then subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: Statistically no significant difference was found in the dermatoglyphic pattern and atd angle for both the groups. CONCLUSION: It was observed that dermatoglyphics in orofacial clefts may not be distinctive. Further, large-scale studies are recommended to confirm the same. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Mayall SS, Chaudhary S, Kaur H, Manuja N, Ravishankar T, Sinha AA. Comparison of Derma-toglyphic Pattern among Cleft and Noncleft Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):245-249.

A Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Three Different Irrigating Solution on Microorganisms in the Root Canal: An Invivo Study.

INTRODUCTION: An infected root canal system either due to caries exposure or trauma cannot be eliminated by the host defense mechanisms alone or in combination with systemic antibiotic therapy. It can be treated through professional endodontic intervention using both chemical and mechanical procedures. AIM: To suggest triple antibiotic solution containing tetracycline, ornidazole and ciprofloxacin as a new endodontic irrigant that may possess superior antibacterial activity in comparison with chlorhexidine solution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out on 60 teeth from 40 children with anterior tooth fracture, asymptomatic, non-vital and necrotic in nature. Patients were randomly divided into three groups of 20 teeth each depending upon the type of irrigant. After access opening microbial samples were obtained: a) Pre- irrigation i.e. sample after pulp extirpation and before irrigation, b) Post-irrigation i.e. sample after irrigation, stored in sterile containers and immediately transferred to microbiological laboratory. After incubation of samples aerobically at 37(0)C for 24 hours, the samples were streaked on blood agar culture media and incubated for 48 hours. After 48 hours, the colony forming units were counted using a colony counter. Statistical analysis was carried out using Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxson signed rank test and Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: On intra group comparison, highly significant differences in the colony forming units were found between pre-irrigation and post-irrigation sample for all the three groups. On inter group comparison, statistical difference was found between saline and chlorhexidine (p ≤ 0.001), saline and triple antibiotic paste (p< 0.001). The greatest percentage decrease was obtained in samples treated with Chlorhexidine solution (Group 2) i.e.73.91. The triple antibiotic irrigating solution group showed percentage decrease of 66.22 followed by Group 1 (Saline) 15.04. The difference found amongst the groups was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that triple antibiotic irrigating solution can be used as an irrigating solution. The antibacterial action of triple antibiotic irrigating solution is comparable with chlorhexidine. Although saline may not be effective in the antimicrobial action but its flushing action may be able to decrease some microbial load.

Multiple bilateral taurodontic teeth in primary dentition: a case report.

Taurodontism describes the tendency for the body of the tooth to enlarge at the expense of the roots. An enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of the pulpal floor, and no constriction at the level of the cementoenamel junction are the characteristic features. These anatomic variations may hinder location of canal orifices, complete removal of pulp, proper instrumentation and obturation. Importance of radiographic interpretation for the diagnosis of this alteration cannot be overlooked. This article describes a case of multiple bilateral taurodontism involving all the deciduous molars in a 3½ year old female. The child reported with a chief complaint of multiple carious lesions. How to cite this article: Vashisth P, Dwivedi S, Arora S, Mayall S. Multiple Bilateral Taurodontic Teeth in Primary Dentition: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(2):132-133.