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1.
Ter Arkh ; 89(11): 84-92, 2017.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29260751

ABSTRACT

The authors carried out a systematic review and subsequent meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of the immunomodulator agent cycloferon as tablets in adults and children with viral respiratory diseases. A total estimate of its clinical efficacy was obtained in terms of compared heterogeneous groups and response variables. The data published in 16 articles were used to calculate the formal parameters of the clinical efficacy of cycloferon (increased absolute and relative benefits, odds ratio (OR); the number of patients needed to be additionally treated with cycloferon to achieve a favorable outcome or to prevent a poor outcome in one patient, etc.). High heterogeneity hampered the unequivocal interpretation of results; however, combining the compared homogeneous groups in the meta-analysis (with adjustments for fixed and random effects) increased the statistical power of the investigation. In children aged 6 to 18 years, the OR for the positive effect of the drug (no new cases after its preventive administration) was 5.3 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.8-5.9), heterogeneity test, χ2 = 249.5; p=0.000...; I2 = 94.8% (95% CI, 92.7-96.3%). This suggested the heterogeneity of clinical trial data and extrapolated this estimate to medical practice. The use of cycloferon in adults to treat acute respiratory viral infection enhanced their chances of enduring the disease in a mild form and avoiding serious complications: the OR for positive outcomes was 9.7 (95% CI, 7.0-13.0), while the effect was more homogeneous than in children (heterogeneity test, χ2 = 7.4; p=0.061...; I2 = 59.4% (95% CI, 0-86.5). Thus, the use of cycloferon to treat and prevent acute viral respiratory infections showed a more than 5-fold increase in the probability of avoiding the disease or enduring the latter in a mild form.


Subject(s)
Acridines/pharmacology , Immunomodulation , Interferon Inducers/pharmacology , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Virus Diseases/drug therapy , Acridines/administration & dosage , Humans , Interferon Inducers/administration & dosage
2.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1455960

ABSTRACT

Instrumental methods of investigation were used for the demonstration of changes in the fatty acid composition of F. tularensis, strain 15 Gaiskii, during cultivation in solid culture medium, storage after lyophilization, as well as changes in the functioning of the system of membrane-dependent enzymes of the respiratory chain and in the permeability of cell wall membranes by water molecules and NADH after lyophilization. A relationship between the survival rate of F. tularensis cells after lyophilization and stimulation of their endogenic respiration with NADH and succinate was revealed. An increase in residual moisture from 6 to 10-12% was found to intensify the process of lipid peroxidation during the storage of lyophilized F. tularensis cells of strain 15 Gaiskii.


Subject(s)
Francisella tularensis/cytology , Bacterial Vaccines , Bacteriological Techniques , Cell Membrane/physiology , Cell Membrane/ultrastructure , Cell Membrane Permeability/drug effects , Culture Media , Francisella tularensis/immunology , Francisella tularensis/physiology , Freeze Drying/instrumentation , Freeze Drying/methods , NAD/pharmacokinetics , Time Factors , Water/metabolism
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