ABSTRACT
Owing to the labelling requirements of food and feed products containing materials derived from genetically modified organisms, quantitative detection methods have to be developed for this purpose, including the necessary certified reference materials and calibrator standards. To date, for most genetically modified organisms authorized in the European Union, certified reference materials derived from seed powders are being developed. Here, an assessment has been made on the feasibility of using plasmid DNA as an alternative calibrator for the quantitative detection of genetically modified organisms. For this, a dual-target plasmid, designated as pJANUS-02-001, comprising part of a junction region of genetically modified soybean event GTS-40-3-2 and the endogenous soybean-specific lectin gene was constructed. The dynamic range, efficiency and limit of detection for the soybean event GTS-40-3-2 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) system described by Terry et al. (J AOAC Int 85(4):938-944, 2002) were shown to be similar for in house produced homozygous genomic DNA from leaf tissue of soybean event GTS-40-3-2 and for plasmid pJANUS-02-001 DNA backgrounds. The performance of this real-time Q-PCR system using both types of DNA templates as calibrator standards in quantitative DNA analysis was further assessed in an interlaboratory trial. Statistical analysis and fuzzy-logic-based interpretation were performed on critical method parameters (as defined by the European Network of GMO Laboratories and the Community Reference Laboratory for GM Food and Feed guidelines) and demonstrated that the plasmid pJANUS-02-001 DNA represents a valuable alternative to genomic DNA as a calibrator for the quantification of soybean event GTS-40-3-2 in food and feed products.
Subject(s)
Glycine max/genetics , Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics , Plasmids/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction/standards , Animal Feed/analysis , Calibration , Plant Lectins/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Soybean Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Evaluar la "Gestión 2006-2008. Sociedad Venezolana de Gastroenterología": de acuerdo al modelo EFQM: "Resultados excelentes en rendimiento, satisfacción de personal y clientes e impacto social, lo logra solo un liderazgo que canalice procesos, política & estrategias, personas, alianzas y recursos". Método: Autoevaluación EFQM de la J. Directiva SVG. Agentes: LIDERAZGO: El Plan Estratégico promovió interacción y compromiso social. (90% Fortaleza) POL¸TICA&ESTRATEGIA: Se difundió el marco filosófico. "Captación-Retención de Miembros", "Liderazgo gratificador", "Más Programas de Entrenamiento-Información", "Fortalecimiento Alianzas existentes" ,"Generación de Finanzas" y "Desarrollo de Plataforma Organizacional" (64% Fortaleza). MANEJO DEL PERSONAL: Definición de perfiles "Gastroenterólogo venezolano" y "cargos SVG". Exitosas actividades académicas y beneficios económicos. (82% Fortaleza) RECURSOS: Se introdujo el Plan Operativo SVG a Empresas, fortaleciéndose alianzas estratégicas existentes y nuevas. (90% Fortaleza). PROCESOS: Se implementaron Procedimientos, Formatos, Soportes para archivos físicos & electrónicos. Se evaluaron Proveedores, Eventos y Bienes (82% Fortaleza). Resultados. Satisfacción: CLIENTES: 82% en médicos generales, especialistas y empresas. PERSONAL: 55% (aspecto a mejorar). Se generaron reconocimientos, intercambios internacionales y becas. IMPACTO SOCIAL: 82% Difundir información gastrointestinal fue crucial. SATISFACCION EMPRESARIAL: 82%, medida al finalizar eventos. Nuestra puntuación EFQM es muy buena pero puede ser excelente. Seguiremos planificando continuidad de gestión y difundiendo información a miembros, patrocinadores y comunidad.
Aim: 2006-2008 Venezuelan Gastroenterology Society management evaluation according with EFQM Model: "Excellent results in organization performance, staff &clients satisfaction with community impact can be only accomplished by a leadership able to guide process, strategies alliances, human and economic resources". Method: SVG staff auto evaluation. Agents: LEADEARSHIP: Strategic Plan promoted interaction and social commitment. (90% Strength) POLITICS & STRATEGY: SVG philosophical frame was spread. "Leadership in gratifying way", "Capture & Retain members", "More Training-Information Programs", "Fortify previous Alliances", "Financial Strategies" and "Organizational Platform" (64% Strength):. PERSONNEL: Gastroenterologist and SVG positions´s profiles were defined. Training activities and financial benefits were accomplished. (82% Strength) RESOURCE: Operative Plan was introduced to commercial enterprises. Previous and new alliances were strengthened (90% Strength). PROCESS: Proceedings, Forms and Activities Report were implemented. Providers, Events and Assets summary were evaluated. Physic& electronic files got support (82% Strength). Results: CLIENTS SATISFACTION: 82% in GPs, specialists, and Enterprises. PERSONNEL SATISFACTION: 55% (to be improved.) Awards, International exchanges and Fellowships were generated. SOCIAL IMPACT (82%): Spreading GI information was crucial point. ENTERPRISE SATISFACTION: 82% measured at the end of the events. 2006-2008 SVG EFQM score is good but may be optimized. We will keep planning management continuity, members training and information to community.
ABSTRACT
Purification of high-quality RNA from different strawberry tissues is often affected by the presence of high levels of contamination by polysaccharides and phenolic compounds. With the protocol detailed here we describe for the first time total RNA purification from petiole tissue. Treating the plants used as source of material with short-daylight regime prior the extraction we are able to obtain RNA suitable for further applications such as in vitro translation, RT-PCR, and RNA blot analysis. The yield of total RNA extraction is significantly enhanced when tissue from plants grown under short-day photoperiodic condition is used compared with that taken from plants grown under long day photoperiod.
Subject(s)
Photoperiod , Plant Leaves/genetics , RNA, Plant/isolation & purification , Rosales/genetics , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Rosales/anatomy & histology , Rosales/chemistryABSTRACT
60 patients (p) with ages ranging between 19 and 73 (32 females and 28 males) were selected and randomized for a prospective study about he confirmation of endoscopic wounds reported like giardiasic duodenitis: a nodular whitish puncture over the mucous with a focal or diffuse pattern over. We tested the correlation between the endoscopic findings and the results of histopathology and fecal tests. A duodenoscopy until the second portion was made with an Olympus GIF-Q equipment, 2 biopsies were taken from the duodenal bulb and from the second portion. 45 (p) exhibited a typical aspect before mentioned. In this group we found the protozoa in the biopsies of 35 (p) (77.78%). The fecal test were positive for 22 of these (p) (48.88%) and negative for 23 (51.12%). 15 (p) had a normal duodenoscopy; 13 of these (p) had a negative biopsy (86.66%) and only two cases (13.33%) resulted in a positive biopsy for giardia. The results for the fecal tests were negative in 93.34% (p). The most common symptoms were: upper-abdominal pain (67.50), acidity (62.50%), pyrosis (25%) diarrhea (10%) and constipation (10%). The results of our study confirm that endoscopic lesions of duodenum observed as a whitish nodular puncture, over the mucous with a focal or diffuse pattern were compatible with a duodenitis caused by giardia lamblia. It was confirmed in the majority of cases with biopsy and in almost 50% of fecal test performed.
Subject(s)
Duodenitis/pathology , Giardia lamblia , Giardiasis/pathology , Adult , Aged , Animals , Biopsy , Duodenoscopy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
The presence of detectable levels of aFP was investigated through RIA in 78 serum samples classified as follows: 32 samples from healthy volunteers (group A), 15 anti-HCV positive sera, 19 samples from HBV Chronic carriers (Group B), and 12 sera from a group of anti-core positive individuals, (Group C). Increased aFP levels, upper to the calculated maximal limit (Above 2.6 ng/ml) were detected in 2 individuals from Group A, in 2 HCV positive sera and in 6 HBV chronic carriers. None of the Group C demonstrated increased aFP value. Two B positive sera with augmented aFP activity showed significantly elevated values of this protein 13 and 20 fold upper than maximal limit. In Venezuela, aFP levels the HBV chronic carriers do not appear to be comparable to the reported values in HBV hyper-endemic countries. The need to analyze aFP values in normal groups is emphasised.
