Di-propyl-ammonium 4-amino-benzene-sulfonate.

In the title mol-ecular salt, NH2(C3H7)2 +·[NH2C6H4SO3]-, the cation displays an extended conformation. In the crystal, anion-to-anion N-H⋯O and N-H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bonds generate (101) layers. Cation-to-anion N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the layers into a three-dimensional network.

Synthesis, structure determination and characterization by UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy of bis-(diiso-propyl-ammonium) cis-di-chlorido-bis(oxalato-κ2 O 1,O 2)stannate(IV).

The organic-inorganic title salt, (C6H16N)2[Sn(C2O4)2Cl2] or ( i Pr2NH2)2[Sn(C2O4)2Cl2], was obtained by reacting bis-(diiso-propyl-ammonium) oxalate with tin(IV) chloride dihydrate in methanol. The SnIV atom is coordinated by two chelating oxalate ligands and two chloride ions in cis positions, giving rise to an [Sn(C2O4)2Cl2]2- anion (point group symmetry 2), with the SnIV atom in a slightly distorted octa-hedral coordination. The cohesion of the crystal structure is ensured by the formation of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding between (iPr2NH2)+ cations and [SnCl2(C2O4)2]2- anions. This gives rise to an infinite chain structure extending parallel to [101]. The main inter-chain inter-actions are van der Waals forces. The electronic spectrum of the title compound displays only one high intensity band in the UV region assignable to ligand-metal ion charge-transfer (LMCT) transitions. An IR spectrum was also recorded and is discussed.

Synthesis and crystal structure of a new hybrid organic-inorganic material containing neutral mol-ecules, cations and hepta-molybdate anions.

The title compound, hexa-kis-(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) hepta-molybdate 2-methyl-1H-imidazole disolvate dihydrate, (C4H7N2)6[Mo7O24]·2C4H6N2·2H2O, was prepared from 2-methyl-imidazole and ammonium hepta-molybdate tetra-hydrate in acid solution. The [Mo7O24]6- hepta-molybdate cluster anion is accompanied by six protonated (C4H7N2)+ 2-methyl-imidazolium cations, two neutral C4H6N2 2-methyl-imidazole mol-ecules and two water mol-ecules of crystallization. The cluster consists of seven distorted MoO6 octa-hedra sharing edges or vertices. In the crystal, the components are linked by N-H⋯N, N-H⋯O, O-H⋯O, N-H⋯(O,O) and O-H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional network. Weak C-H⋯O inter-actions consolidate the packing.

Environmental impact of tsetse eradication in Senegal.

The sterile insect technique is an environment friendly control tactic and is very species specific. It is not a stand-alone technique and has been used mostly in combination with other control tactics within an area-wide integrated pest management strategy. For a period of eight years, the direct impact of a campaign to eradicate a population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis in Senegal was monitored using a set of fruit-feeding insect species (Cetoniinae and Nymphalidae) that served as ecological indicators of the health of the ecosystem. Here we show that the eradication campaign had very limited impacts on the apparent densities of the most frequent species as well as three diversity indexes during the reduction phase involving insecticides but reverted to pre-intervention levels as soon as the release of the sterile male insects started. These results greatly expand our understanding of the impact of vector eradication campaigns on non-target species.

Crystal structure of bis-(diiso-propyl-ammonium) molybdate.

The organic-inorganic title salt, (C6H16N)2[MoO4] or ( i Pr2NH2)2[MoO4], was obtained by reacting MoO3 with diiso-propyl-amine in a 1:2 molar ratio in water. The molybdate anion is located on a twofold rotation axis and exhibits a slightly distorted tetra-hedral configuration. In the crystal structure, the diiso-propyl-ammmonium ( i Pr2NH2)+ cations and [MoO4]2- anions are linked to each other through N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating rings with R 12 12(36) motifs that give rise to the formation of a three-dimensional network. The structure was refined taking into account inversion twinning (ratio of ca 4:1 between the two domains).