ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the safety and efficacy of partial splenic embolization (PSE) to reduce the need of transfusions and improve hematologic parameters in patients with hypersplenism and sickle cell disease (SCD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study includes 35 homozygous hemoglobin S patients with SCD and hypersplenism who underwent PSE from 2015 until 2021 in Kinshasa. Patients were evaluated, before and after PSE (1, 3 and 6 months), using clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic methods. PSE was performed with the administration of gelatin sponge particles embolizing 60-70% of the splenic parenchyma. RESULTS: The mean age was 10 (± 4) years and (21/35, 60%) were male. After PSE Leucocytes decreased at 3 months (16 692.94 vs 13 582.86, p = 0.02) and at six months Erythrocytes increased 2 004 000 vs. 2 804 142 (p < 0.001), Platelets increased (168 147 vs. 308 445, p < 0.001) and Hemoglobin increased (5.05 g/dL vs. 6.31 g/dL, p < 0.001) There was a significant dicrease in the need of transfusions from 6 (2-20) before PSE to 0.06 (0-1) after PSE (p < 0.001). The most frequent complication was splenic rupture (4/35, 11.4%), seen only and in all patients with hypoechogenic nodules at baseline. CONCLUSION: PSE is a safe procedure in patients with SCD and hypersplenism, that do not have hypoechogenic nodules in the spleen. PSE improves the hematological parameters and reduces the frequency of blood transfusions.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell , Embolization, Therapeutic , Hypersplenism , Humans , Hypersplenism/therapy , Hypersplenism/etiology , Male , Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Female , Child , Prospective Studies , Adolescent , Treatment Outcome , Spleen/diagnostic imaging , Child, Preschool , Blood Transfusion/methodsABSTRACT
Context and objective. Despite being established as a correlate of unfavorable outcome in acute stroke, little is known about the burden and associated risk factors of admission hyperglycemia in acute stroke in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study aimed to assess its frequency and associated risk factors in Congolese patients admitted in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in the acute phase of stroke. Methods. A multicenter (6 ICUs) prospective cohort study including consecutive patients with acute stroke was undertaken from July 15th, 2017 to March 15th, 2018.The Glasgow Coma Scale helped to determine the severety of the disease at admission. Stress hyperglycemia was considered for a random blood glucose levels at admission Ë140 mg/dL in patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Independent factors associated with admission hyperglycemia were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results. Out of 194 patients (mean age 58.7±13.1 years; 64% males, 74.7% light to moderate stroke severity; 59% hemorrhagic stroke) enrolled, admission hyperglycemia was found in 106 (54.6%) of patients (mean age 60.1 ± 14.3 years; 67% men, 67% hypertension) with 77 (72.6%) and 29 (27.4 %) of them having stress and chronic hyperglycemia, respectively. Independent predictors of admission hyperglycemia were age [aOR 1.98; 95%CI 1.17-3.36), GCS < 8 (aOR 3.83; 95% CI 1.99-7.35) and diabetes (aOR 9.02; 95%CI 3.38-14.05). Conclusion. More than half of critically ill patients exhibit admission hyperglycemia with age, severity of stroke and known diabetes as its main associated risk factors
