ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is an important cause of poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Trials of magnesium treatment starting <4 days after symptom onset found no effect on poor outcome or DCI in SAH. Earlier installment of treatment might be more effective, but individual trials had not enough power for such a subanalysis. We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis to study whether magnesium is effective when given within different time frames within 24 hours after the SAH. METHODS: Patients were divided into categories according to the delay between symptom onset and start of the study medication: <6, 6 to 12, 12 to 24, and >24 hours. We calculated adjusted risk ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for magnesium versus placebo treatment for poor outcome and DCI. RESULTS: We included 5 trials totaling 1981 patients; 83 patients started treatment<6 hours. For poor outcome, the adjusted risk ratios of magnesium treatment for start <6 hours were 1.44 (95% confidence interval, 0.83-2.51); for 6 to 12 hours 1.03 (0.65-1.63), for 12 to 24 hours 0.84 (0.65-1.09), and for >24 hours 1.06 (0.87-1.31), and for DCI, <6 hours 1.76 (0.68-4.58), for 6 to 12 hours 2.09 (0.99-4.39), for 12 to 24 hours 0.80 (0.56-1.16), and for >24 hours 1.08 (0.88-1.32). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests no beneficial effect of magnesium treatment on poor outcome or DCI when started early after SAH onset. Although the number of patients was small and a beneficial effect cannot be definitively excluded, we found no justification for a new trial with early magnesium treatment after SAH.
Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia/prevention & control , Calcium Channel Blockers/administration & dosage , Intracranial Aneurysm , Magnesium Sulfate/administration & dosage , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Time-to-Treatment/statistics & numerical data , Vasospasm, Intracranial/prevention & control , Aneurysm, Ruptured/complications , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Early Medical Intervention , Humans , Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/etiology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
A new treatment is available for port wine stains (PWS), which are congenital malformations. Both children and adults now can be treated by selective photothermolysis with a flashlamp, pumped, tunable, dye laser. Careful attention to the laser characteristics of pulse-width and dose allows significant lightening of PWS with minimal change in skin texture.
Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Malformations/radiotherapy , Laser Therapy , Skin/blood supply , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Arteriovenous Malformations/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Middle AgedABSTRACT
A case of crusted (Norwegian) scabies is reported in a child who was a recipient of a bone marrow transplant. The infestation is presumed to have predated the bone marrow transplant and continued asymptomatically during chemotherapy and total body x-irradiation in preparation for transplant. The child was asymptomatic until 23 days after transplantation, when bone marrow engraftment was attained. The altered host-parasite relationship is emphasized by the observation that the onset of symptomatic pruritus coincided with successful engraftment.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Transplantation , Scabies/etiology , Child, Preschool , Host-Parasite Interactions , Humans , Leukemia, Lymphoid/therapy , Male , Opportunistic Infections/etiologyABSTRACT
Porokeratosis plantaris, palmaris, et disseminata is a unique clinical entity characterized by the familial occurrence of multiple porokeratoses predominantly on the palms and soles but also on both sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed areas of the body. Since its original description in 1971 by Guss and colleagues, there has been only one other report of this syndrome. We have discovered a third family with this disorder and have used isotretinoin successfully to control the condition in one of the family's symptomatic members.
