ABSTRACT
C57BL/6J mice were used to study the ocular teratogenic effects of cyclophosphamide administered to pregnant females on d 9 of pregnancy at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. Nile blue staining demonstrated increased cell death at the base of the optic stalk, in the optic vesicle, and in the perivesicular mesenchyme in treated embryos. Malformations studied at gestational d 11 and 16 by light and scanning electron microscopy included microphthalmos, microphakia, and aphakia and were predictable based upon patterns of increased cell death. These anomalies are similar to those reported with exposure to ethanol or isotretinoin on gestational d 7.
Subject(s)
Cell Death , Cyclophosphamide/toxicity , Eye Abnormalities/chemically induced , Teratogens , Animals , Aphakia/chemically induced , Aphakia/pathology , Eye/drug effects , Eye/ultrastructure , Eye Abnormalities/pathology , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Microphthalmos/chemically induced , Microphthalmos/pathology , PregnancyABSTRACT
The effects of intracameral (i.c.) administration of MIF-I on the ocular response to alpha-MSH were tested in rabbits. In confirmation of previous studies, i.c. alpha-MSH significantly increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and reduced pupillary diameter (PD). Concomitant administration of alpha-MSH and MIF-I antagonized both the IOP increase and miosis induced by alpha-MSH. Aqueous humor (AH) dynamics studies revealed that alpha-MSH increases IOP, possibly, by decreasing AH outflow. The decreased AH outflow induced by alpha-MSH was antagonized by concurrent administration of MIF-I and alpha-MSH. MIF-I did not affect IOP or PD when administered alone. These results add more support for a role of alpha-MSH in ocular function, and suggest that the ocular response to alpha-MSH may be subject to inhibitory control by MIF-I.
Subject(s)
Aqueous Humor/drug effects , Intraocular Pressure/drug effects , MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone/pharmacology , Pupil/drug effects , alpha-MSH/pharmacology , Animals , Male , RabbitsABSTRACT
A case report is presented of a 62-year-old female admitted to a general hospital with a provisional diagnosis of mania and organic brain syndrome, whose unusual behavior and history prompted evaluation using computed tomography of her brain. Bilateral frontal lobe cystic lesions were discovered as a result of a bilateral transorbital leukotomy performed 21 years earlier. CT scan is presented, demonstrating the extent of these lesions.
