ABSTRACT
Melorheostosis is a rare, benign connective-tissue disorder characterized by a cortical thickening of bone with irregular dense hyperostosis that appears to flow along the cortex. We review the literature to date, etiology, clinical aspects, roentgenographic features, histology, and treatment of melorheostosis.
Subject(s)
Melorheostosis , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnosis , Bone and Bones/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Melorheostosis/diagnostic imaging , Melorheostosis/embryology , Melorheostosis/pathology , Melorheostosis/surgery , RadiographySubject(s)
Fingers , Melorheostosis , Child , Female , Fingers/diagnostic imaging , Follow-Up Studies , Hand Deformities, Acquired/diagnostic imaging , Hand Deformities, Acquired/surgery , Hand Deformities, Acquired/therapy , Humans , Melorheostosis/diagnostic imaging , Melorheostosis/surgery , Melorheostosis/therapy , RadiographyABSTRACT
Due to excellent soft tissue contrast and multiplanar imaging capability, MRI is assuming a major role in recognition, staging, and treatment planning of soft tissue and bone tumors. Direct sagittal, coronal, and axial images permit assessment of intraosseous and extraosseous extension of tumors and their relationship to the joints and neurovascular structures, and detection of "skip" lesions. MRI allows improved detection of recurrent tumors in the presence of non-ferromagnetic metallic implants as compared to CT. In the evaluation of soft tissue tumors, MRI is more sensitive than CT and allows differentiation among fat, muscle, tendon, bone, and vascular structures based on signal characteristics. Over a period of 18 months, 100 soft tissue masses and bone tumors were evaluated using MRI. Spin echo sequences with T1 and T2 weighted images were most valuable in differentiating normal and abnormal tissues. Calculated comparative measurements of relaxation times showed no reliable difference between benign and malignant tumors.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Eight patients with culture-proven Mycobacterium marinum synovitis had synovial specimens with a remarkably similar histologic appearance. There was considerable synovial hyperplasia, and the synovium was thickened by a moderately intense lymphohistiocytic infiltrate, notably devoid of plasma cells. Fibrin covered some synovial surfaces. Giant cells were both of the Langerhans' and foreign body types. Granulomas were noncaseating but varied in frequency and degree of definition. Knowledge of this morphologic picture has proved to be useful in patient care.
Subject(s)
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/pathology , Mycobacterium Infections/pathology , Synovitis/pathology , Adult , Aged , Cell Division , Female , Hand , Humans , Hyperplasia/pathology , Hypertrophy/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/isolation & purification , Synovial Membrane/pathology , WristABSTRACT
In four unusual cases where a low-grade chondrosarcoma suddenly dedifferentiated into a florid, highly-malignant fibrosarcoma, the average survival was 12 months (range 5-18 months). The surgical treatment of chondrosarcoma consists of a primary excisional biopsy, and if dedifferentiation to fibrosarcoma is seen, radical excision and chemotherapy or irradiation or both.
