Subject(s)
Caliciviridae Infections/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Lakes/virology , Norovirus/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Caliciviridae Infections/virology , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Oregon/epidemiology , Prognosis , Recreation , Risk Factors , Water Microbiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
In July 2014, Multnomah County public health officials investigated a norovirus outbreak among persons visiting Blue Lake Regional Park in Oregon. During the weekend of the reported illnesses (Friday, July 11-Sunday, July 13) approximately 15,400 persons visited the park. The investigation identified 65 probable and five laboratory-confirmed cases of norovirus infection (70 total cases). No hospitalizations or deaths were reported. Analyses from a retrospective cohort study revealed that swimming at Blue Lake during July 12-13 was significantly associated with illness during July 13-14 (adjusted relative risk = 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-64.9). Persons who swam were more than twice as likely to become ill compared with those who did not swim in the lake. To control the outbreak, Blue Lake was closed for 10 days to prevent further illness. This investigation underscores the need for guidance for determining when to reopen untreated recreational water venues (e.g., lakes) associated with outbreaks, and communication tools to inform the public about the risks associated with swimming in untreated recreational water venues and measures that can prevent illness.
