ABSTRACT
Corynebacterium group JK organisms were isolated from lung fluid aspirated with a fine needle from one of four thick-walled cavitary lesions in a 72-year-old female. Cultures and stains for mycobacteria and fungi were negative. The patient was successfully treated with an 8-week course of vancomycin.
Subject(s)
Corynebacterium/isolation & purification , Pneumonia/etiology , Aged , Female , Humans , Pneumonia/drug therapyABSTRACT
The clinical and microbiologic efficacy of trimethoprim alone and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for infection prevention was evaluated in 75 patients during 92 episodes of granulocytopenia. Ultimately, 60 patients were evaluable during 77 episodes of granulocytopenia, 36 episodes in the trimethoprim group and 41 episodes in the trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole group. The incidence of infection was higher in the trimethoprim group (50 percent) than in the trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole group (39 percent), but this did not reach statistical significance. Trimethoprim did not appear to be as protective as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole when the granulocyte count was less than 100/mm3. In patients receiving trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, aerobic gram-negative bacilli cleared from fecal surveillance cultures more often and new aerobic gram-negative bacilli were acquired less often than in those receiving trimethoprim alone (p less than 0.05). More myelosuppression was observed among patients receiving trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (p less than 0.001). These observations suggest that trimethoprim alone may not be optimal for preventing colonization and infection in granulocytopenic patients and that combination with other agents may be necessary to increase the spectrum of activity. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole itself may predispose toward an increased risk of infection by prolonging myelosuppression.
Subject(s)
Agranulocytosis/complications , Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Premedication , Sulfamethoxazole/therapeutic use , Trimethoprim/therapeutic use , Adult , Agranulocytosis/diagnosis , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Clinical Trials as Topic , Drug Combinations/therapeutic use , Feces/microbiology , Female , Humans , Male , Mycoses/prevention & control , Nystatin/therapeutic use , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug CombinationABSTRACT
A newborn infant with group B streptococcal sepsis responded to the intravenous administration of antibiotics within 3 days, but then began to show signs of central nervous system infection. Routine cultures of cerebrospinal fluid samples were negative, but others done for Mycoplasma hominis yielded that organism. After 3 more days of antibiotic therapy, cultures for M. hominis were negative, and the child's recovery was uneventful.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy , Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy , Female , Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Lincomycin/therapeutic use , Mycoplasma Infections/complications , Penicillins/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Campylobacter Infections/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks/epidemiology , Enteritis/epidemiology , Milk/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Alberta , Animals , Campylobacter fetus/isolation & purification , Cattle , Child , Child, Preschool , Enteritis/microbiology , Feces/microbiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Milk/microbiologyABSTRACT
A survey was made of the frequency of resistance to amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin among aerobic gram-negative bacilli isolated over a 4-week period in 1979 at six large, geographically separated Canadian hospitals. In the entire series of 4407 isolates the frequency of resistance was 2.5% to amikacin, 8.1% to gentamicin, 5.9% to tobramycin and 1.7% to all three. Most (81%) of the resistant bacteria were acquired by the patients after admission to hospital. The frequency of resistance to the three aminoglycoside antibiotics in each hospital largely reflected the local rate of cross-infection by endemic strains of resistant bacteria.
