ABSTRACT
Linear array ultrasound techniques were utilized in place of conventional radiologic procedures to study the dynamics of the urethrovesical junction and proximal urethra in patients with urinary incontinence. This ultrasound procedure provided an objective demonstration of the mobility of the urethrovesical junction and documented the presence of an anatomic defect. It aided in the selection of patients suitable for surgical correction of stress incontinence and their postoperative follow-up. Ultrasound was also employed to demonstrate uninhibited detrusor contractions in patients with vesical instability.
Subject(s)
Ultrasonography , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/diagnosis , Urinary Incontinence/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Urethra/pathology , Urinary Bladder/pathology , UrodynamicsABSTRACT
Traumatic morbidity in the newborn of a diabetic mother occurs in 3 to 9% of vaginal deliveries in diabetic pregnancies. Prediction of diabetic macrosomia by ultrasound measurement of chest diameter and biparietal diameter is evaluated in this study. A macrosomia index was calculated for 70 diabetic pregnancies by subtracting the biparietal diameter from the chest diameter (chest - biparietal diameter). Twenty-three macrosomic infants (weight greater than 4000 g) were delivered. In this study 20/23 (87%) of the infants weighing greater than 4000 g had a chest - biparietal diameter of 1.4 cm or greater. There were 4 cases of shoulder dystocia in 15 patients delivered vaginally. In this study, cesarean section for all fetuses with a chest - biparietal diameter of 1.4 cm or greater would reduce the incidence of traumatic morbidity from 27% to 9%.
Subject(s)
Body Weight , Fetus/physiology , Pregnancy in Diabetics , Prenatal Diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Cesarean Section , Female , Growth , Humans , Infant, Newborn , PregnancyABSTRACT
At 8-22 weeks gestation, the lateral ventricular choroid plexus swells with glycogen deposits, which are thought to be an important source of anaerobic energy for a relatively hypovascular stage of brain development. Sonographic images during this phase demonstrate enlarged and echogenic ventricles, accounting for up to 80%-90% of the cerebral axial dimension in the earliest gestations studied. This increased echogenicity may be due to these glycogen stores. Because a rapid but sonographically definable decrease in the relative size of these structures occurs, routine imaging for the presence and character of the choroid plexus might prove to be a useful parameter in fetal examination.
Subject(s)
Choroid Plexus/anatomy & histology , Glycogen/analysis , Choroid Plexus/metabolism , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , UltrasonicsABSTRACT
35-year-old woman developed polyhydramnios during her first pregnancy. Ultrasound confirmed this and showed high bowel obstruction. Delivery was uneventful, the infant was asymtomatic. Abdominal films, however, demonstrated a high jejunal obstruction. At surgery "apple peel" atresia of the small bowel was found. Good outcome.
Subject(s)
Intestinal Atresia/diagnosis , Jejunum/abnormalities , Prenatal Diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Adult , Duodenal Obstruction/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Intestinal Atresia/complications , PregnancySubject(s)
Hernia, Umbilical/diagnosis , Prenatal Diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , PregnancyABSTRACT
A diagnosis of fetal hydrocephalus was made before viability. The diagnosis was indicated by a discrepancy between the sonographic fetal head size, the uterine size by both clinical and sonographic examination, and x-ray films. An abortion was performed by hysterotomy.
Subject(s)
Fetal Diseases/diagnosis , Hydrocephalus/diagnosis , Prenatal Diagnosis , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
B-scan ultrasonic examination of a 10-year-old Mexican-American female with multiple avascular hepatic and splenic defects on both isotopic and angiographic evaluation revealed numerous cystic lesions, a few of which contained numerous internal echoes. Subsequent pathological examination revealed lymphangiomatosis of the liver and spleen. Some of the cysts contained caseous material as predicted only by the ultrasonic examination. Cystic lymphangiomatosis of the spleen is a rare condition and only a few cases of involvement of both the spleen and liver have reported. This is the first such case evaluated by ultrasound. Two cases are also illustrated of cystic lymphangiomatosis with origin in the greater omentum and root of the mesentery.
Subject(s)
Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lymphangioma/diagnosis , Omentum , Peritoneal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Splenic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Liver/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Lymphangioma/pathology , Male , Peritoneal Neoplasms/pathology , Peritoneum/pathology , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Spleen/pathology , Splenic Neoplasms/pathology , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Diagnostic ultrasound is a noninvasive, well tolerated, safe procedure with no toxicity which aids the ophthalmologist by demonstrating the integrity of the intraocular contents or the presence of tumors, retinal detachments, vitreous membranes or hemorrhage, foreign bodies or other structural changes in eyes with opaque media which cannot be adequately evaluated optically. Orbital mass lesions and inflammatory changes can be demonstrated and ultrasonic evaluation should be utilized early in the diagnostic evaluation of exophthalmus in combination with other radiographic techniques. The ultrasound examination does require a certain technical skill and experience in interpretation as well as judgment in order for it to be a reliable diagnostic test.
