ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: While most "fetal programming" area focused on metabolic disease, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is also associated with a preference for less healthy food. Post-natal factors such as strained maternal-child interactions are equally related to obesogenic eating behaviors. We investigated if IUGR and the quality of the mother/child relationship affect emotional overeating in children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Participants were 196 children from a prospective birth cohort (the MAVAN project). As part of the protocol at 4 years of age, mothers completed the Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and mother-child interactions were scored during a structured task. A GLM adjusted for BMI examined the interaction between the "Atmosphere" score (ATM) task, sex and IUGR on the emotional over-eating domain of the CEBQ. RESULTS: There was a significant interaction of BWR vs. sex vs. ATM (P = .02), with no effects of IUGR, sex or ATM. The model was significant for girls with low ATM scores (B = -2.035, P = .014), but not for girls with high (P = 0.94) or boys with high (P = .27) or low (P = .19) ATM scores. Only in IUGR girls, 48 months emotional over-eating correlated with BMI at that age (r = 0.560, P = 0.013) and predicted BMI in the subsequent years (r = 0.654, P = 0.006 at 60 months and r = 0.750, P = 0.005 at 72 months). CONCLUSIONS: IUGR and exposure to a negative emotional atmosphere during maternal-child interactions predicted emotional overeating in girls but not in boys. The quality of mother-infant interaction may be an important target for interventions to prevent emotional overeating and overweight in early development, particularly in girls with a history of IUGR.
Subject(s)
Emotions , Fetal Growth Retardation/epidemiology , Hyperphagia/prevention & control , Hyperphagia/psychology , Mother-Child Relations/psychology , Birth Weight , Body Mass Index , Child , Child Behavior/psychology , Child, Preschool , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Female , Food, Organic , Humans , Male , Obesity/psychology , Prospective Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Numerosos estudios asocian la personalidad hostil (parte de la presonalidad tipo A) con la ocurrencia de aterosclerosis coronaria. El complejo hostil se compone de conducta agresiva, frecuentes estallidos de ira, intolerancia a la espera y sensación de premura. Para investigar la ocurrencia de este resago, se compararon 50 hombres sobrevivientes de un infarto cardiaco con 50 contemporáneos sin evidencia de enfermedad. En todos se midió la presión arterial esfigmomanométricamente, el colesterol total sanguíneo y el coeficiente de hostilidad mediante el cuestionario de Cook y Medley y una escala de puntaje ad hoc. La presión arterial diastólica fue significativamente más alta en el grupo postinfarto (82ñ10 vs 77ñ9, p<0.001), así como el colesterol (231ñ55 vs 197ñ43, p<0.001). hubo mayor puntajes de hostilidad en los sujetos postinfarto (16ñ4 vs 13.ñ5, p<0.001). Se encontró que el grado de hostilidad correlacionó con la ocurrencia del infarto (p<0.02). Losa resultados permiten afirmar que hay rasgos de mayor hostilidad en los pacientesque han sufrido un nfarto en comparación con el grupo control. El estudio no permite establecer el tipo de relación existente entre el nivel de hostilidad y las cifras más elevadas depresión arterial y colesterolemia, así como con la ocurrencia de infarto del miocardio, pero confirma otros estudios que indican que este rasgo conductual se encuentra con mayor frecuencia en pacientes aterosclerosos