Job Insecurity and Company Behavior: Influence of Fear of Job Loss on Individual and Work Environment Factors.

The purpose of this research is to analyze to what extent job insecurity is related to different factors related with quality of work life. Specifically, it refers to the individual (work-family balance, job satisfaction, labor and professional development, motivation at work, and well-being at work) and work environment (conditions and environment and safety and health at work) dimensions of the construct. The sample group consisted of 842 workers (375 men and 467 women), aged between 18 and 68 years, from Bahía de Banderas, Mexico. Pearson correlation coefficients between the different variables were carried out, as well as MANOVA and ANOVA analyses and a linear regression analysis. The results showed that workers with low job insecurity obtained higher scores in work-family balance, job satisfaction, labor and professional development, motivation at work, well-being at work, conditions and environment, and safety and health at work, in relation to workers with moderate and high insecurity. The regression analysis confirmed that individual factors explain 24% and environmental factors 15% of job insecurity. This article makes an approximation to the phenomenon of job insecurity in the Mexican context, where the relationship of this variable with quality of work life is verified.

La terapia familiar crítica de tercer orden: repensando la psicopatología y la psicoterapia

Introducción: El objetivo central de la terapia familiar crítica de tercer orden es hacer conciencia de los sistemas de sistemas -contextos estructurales, socioeconómicos y culturales- que organizan los estilos de vida e interfieren con la salud. La propuesta clínica es integrar la sabiduría sistémica con las teorías sociales y, en particular, profundiza en una teoría sociocultural del malestar, del poder y las emociones, conjunto de conceptos desde donde se desprenden el amor indignado, el diálogo solidario, la honestidad crítica y la familia de elección, como los ejes desde donde se teje el trabajo clínico. El objetivo final es que la familia restaure el diálogo solidario crítico y se empodere en su bienestar. Método: Nuestro estudio es narrativo. Conclusión: Esta propuesta clínica conduce a re-pensar a la psicopatología no como un problema individual o biológico, sino como una resistencia a aquellos contextos de pertenencia que excluye y maltrata, y por ende al diagnóstico como un marco social organizado activo. Y por otra parte, también a la psicoterapia y al psicoterapeuta que siempre debe de estar atento críticamente a explicitar los privilegios androcentristas, clasistas y eurocéntricos de la teoría y práctica clínica, para convertirse en profesionales de la salud con mirada social, humana, política y ética.

Background: The focus of third-order critical family therapy is to raise awareness of the systems of systems - structural, socioeconomic and cultural contexts- that organize lifestyles that interfere with health. This clinical proposal integrates systemic wisdom with social theories, and in particular delves into a sociocultural theory of the human mind, power and emotions, a set of concepts from which indignant love, solidarity dialogue, critical honesty emerge, as the axes from which clinical work is woven. The ultimate goal is for the family to restore critical solidarity dialogue and empower themselves in their well-being. Method: Our study is narrative. Conclusion: This clinical proposal leads to re-thinking psychopathology not as an individual or biological problem, but as a resistance to those contexts of belonging that excludes and mistreats, and therefore to diagnosis as an active organized social framework. And on the other hand, also to psychotherapy and psychotherapist who must always be critically attentive to explain the androcentrist, classist and Eurocentric privileges of clinical theory and practice, to become health professionals with a social, human, political and ethical perspective.

Job Insecurity, Family Functionality and Mental Health: A Comparative Study between Male and Female Hospitality Workers.

The aim of the present article is to compare the family functionality, mental health and job insecurity of employees of the hospitality industry in Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas, in México. This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study. The sample was selected by non-probabilistic sampling for convenience and comprised a total of 914 people, of whom 438 were women (47.92%) and 476 were men (52.08%). The women surveyed reported more somatic symptoms, anxiety, insomnia and social dysfunction compared to men, which allows the conclusion that their mental health is vulnerable; meanwhile, men showed better perception of family functionality, a positive factor that reveals the family as a potential support factor that reduces stress, anxiety and improves men's mental health. Another result reveals that the gender structure permeates the hotel sector, inequalities in the type of contract and income are corroborated, and the existence of a sexual division of labor to the detriment of women is confirmed, as they are mostly employed in low-skilled jobs that reproduce domestic tasks, particularly those related to cleaning and food service tasks.

Complexidade e esquizofrenia / Complexity and Schizophrenia

Hoy en día hablar de esquizofrenia implica hablar de complejidad. "Complejidad" significa incluir el orden recurrente-estructural, los patrones circulares sistémicos, en diferentes dimensiones, biológica, psicológica y social, pero también el desorden, lo que es cambiante en las mismas dimensiones. Orden y desorden forman parte de los procesos de salud y enfermedad mental y uno sin el otro nos llevarían al reduccionismo o al relativismo ingenuo. Conceptualizar la enfermedad mental desde la complejidad implica generar intervenciones complejas, obligadamente interdisciplinarias y complementarias. En este breve trabajo damos cuenta de la evolución de la terapia familiar en torno a la esquizofrenia, desde los primeros modelos interaccionales de la comunicación hasta las actuales propuestas de equipo interdisciplinario, tomando en cuenta el cambio del foco primero en explicaciones causales relacionales a los enfoques que privilegian la solución de los problemas y retos que plantea la enfermedad a la persona afectada y a su familia. Planteamos los desafíos actuales de la relación profesional entre la terapia familiar y la psiquiatría para atender los casos de esquizofrenia, apoyándonos en la teoría de la complejidad de Morin (1984), que nos conduce a una reflexión epistemológica y ética de los profesionales de la salud. Concluimos que el trabajo en red en la atención a personas y familias con psicosis requiere, ineludiblemente, el diálogo inclusivo entre profesionales de diversas áreas que permita relacionar y organizar los diferentes saberes en una práctica eficiente y verdaderamente interdisciplinaria.(AU)

In recent times, talking about schizophrenia implies complexity. "Complexity" means including the recurring-structural order, systemic circular patterns in different dimensions (biological, psychological and social), but also disorder, that which changes in these dimensions. Order and disorder are part of mental health and illness, and one without the other would lead us to reductionism or naïve relativism. Conceptualizing mental illness from complexity implies generating complex interventions, obligatorily interdisciplinary and complementary. In this work, the evolution of family therapy is addressed in relation to schizophrenia, from the first interactional communication models to the current interdisciplinary approaches, taking into consideration the change of the initial focus, based on causal-relational explanations, to approaches focused on the solution of problems and challenges set by the disease for the patient and family. Current challenges of professional relation between family therapy and psychiatry in cases of schizophrenia are presented, based on Morin's theory of complexity (1984), which presents an epistemological and ethical reflection for healthcare professionals. Networking with psychotic persons and their families requires inclusive dialog among professionals in many areas, allowing the relation and organization of different knowings in an effective and truly interdisciplinary practice.(AU)

Hoje em dia, falar de esquizofrenia implica falar de complexidade. "Complexidade" significa incluir a ordem recorrente-estrutural, os padrões circulares sistêmicos em diferentes dimensões (biológica, psicológica e social), mas também a desordem, o que muda nessas mesmas dimensões. Ordem e desordem fazem parte dos processos de saúde e doença mental, e um sem o outro nos levaria ao reducionismo ou ao relativismo ingênuo. Conceitualizar a doença mental a partir da complexidade implica gerar intervenções complexas, necessariamente interdisciplinares e complementares. Neste breve trabalho, abordamos a evolução da terapia familiar em torno da esquizofrenia, desde os primeiros modelos interacionais da comunicação até as atuais propostas de equipe interdisciplinar, levando em conta a mudança do enfoque inicial, baseado em explicações causais relacionais, para os enfoques que privilegiam a solução dos problemas e desafiosimpostos pela doença para a pessoa que a padece e sua família. Apresentamos os desafios atuais da relação profissional entre a terapia familiar e a psiquiatria para atender os casos de esquizofrenia, baseando-nos na teoria da complexidade de Morin (1984), autor que propõe uma reflexão epistemológica e ética dos profissionais da saúde. Concluímos que o trabalho em rede na atenção a pessoas e famílias com psicose requer, indubitavelmente, o diálogo inclusivo entre profissionais de diversas áreas que permita relacionar e organizar os diferentes saberes numa prática eficiente e verdadeiramente interdisciplinar.(AU)

[Interpersonal relations as a source of risk of mobbing in the local police]. / Las relaciones interpersonales como fuente de riesgo de acoso laboral en la policía local.

Social relations in the workplace are one of the main sources of risk for the onset of mobbing. In this work, we analyzed, through the perceived social climate, the influence of interpersonal relations on the characterization of the processes of mobbing, in a sample of local police (N = 235). In particular, the policemen and women's opinions of the quality of the personal relations among the group members and the treatment they receive from the command posts were assessed. The results of the study show that the development of guidelines of social interaction based on discrimination and abuse of authority are predicting variables of mobbing in this group.

Las relaciones interpersonales como fuente de riesgo de acoso laboral en la Policía Local / Interpersonal relations as a source of risk of mobbing in the Local Police

Las relaciones sociales en el trabajo constituyen una de las principales fuentes de riesgo para la aparición del acoso laboral. En este trabajo se analiza cómo influyen las relaciones interpersonales en la caracterización de los procesos de acoso laboral, a través del clima social percibido por una muestra de policías locales (N= 235). En concreto, se evalúan las opiniones de los agentes de policía acerca de la calidad de las relaciones personales entre los miembros de las plantillas y del trato que reciben por parte de los puestos de mando. Los resultados del estudio constatan que el desarrollo de pautas de interacción social basadas en la discriminación y en el abuso de autoridad actúan como variables predictoras de acoso laboral en este colectivo

Social relations in the workplace are one of the main sources of risk for the onset of mobbing. In this work, we analyzed, through the perceived social climate, the influence of interpersonal relations on the characterization of the processes of mobbing, in a sample of local police (N = 235). In particular, the policemen and women’s opinions of the quality of the personal relations among the group members and the treatment they receive from the command posts were assessed. The results of the study show that the development of guidelines of social interaction based on discrimination and abuse of authority are predicting variables of mobbing in this group