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1.
Front Physiol ; 15: 1395855, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38872832

ABSTRACT

Objective: There is evidence that indicates that the Walked Distance (WD) in the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) would be sensitive to the type of track and encouragement. The aim of study was compared the impact of track type and verbal encouragement provided in the 6MWT on WD, physiological cost, perceived exertion, and gait efficiency in healthy young adults unfamiliar with the test. Method: WD, heart rate, subjective sensation of dyspnea (SSD), and fatigue (SSF) were measured in four 6MWT protocols: i) 30 m linear track and protocolized encouragement (LT + PE), ii) 30 m linear track and constant encouragement (LT + CE), iii) 81 m elliptical track and protocolized encouragement (ET + PE), and iv) 81 m elliptical track and constant encouragement (ET + CE). In addition, the Gait Efficiency Index (GIE) associated with physiological cost, dyspnea and fatigue was calculated and compared between the different protocols. Results: The WD was significantly higher in the ET + CE protocol. The percentage of the heart rate reserve used (%HRRu) at minute 6 was higher in the ET + CE protocol. The SSD and SSD had difference in startup time between the protocols. The GEI was higher in %HRRu, SSD, and SSF for the ET + CE protocol. Conclusion: The ET + CE protocol showed a significant increase in WD during the 6MWT in healthy young adults. Although it obtained the highest physiological cost, it did not present perceptual differences when entering cardiopulmonary assessment windows relevant to a more efficient test for the participant. It is advisable to discuss, based on the findings, the fundamental objective of the 6MWT and national and international recommendations to achieve a result as close as possible to the real maximal effort.

2.
Geriatrics (Basel) ; 9(2)2024 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38525746

ABSTRACT

To assess ventilatory evolution through the Ventilatory Workload Kinetic Index (VWKI) in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during stability and exacerbation. Retrospective analysis. Conducted at the Padre Alberto Hurtado Hospital, Santiago, Chile. Ten patients with asthma and fifty-five with COPD participated. Sixty-five clinical records were reviewed. The VWKI in stability and exacerbation of these patients was extracted. When analyzing the baseline with the peak in both asthma and COPD, there was a significant increase in the VWKI. Similarly, the loads, translations, and supports significantly increased from the baseline to the peak. However, in the loads, there were no changes in airway resistance for asthma or in cough for COPD. Likewise, the supports for asthma and COPD showed no changes in the O2. The VWKI determined ventilatory issues in outpatients and made locating the greatest compromise in loads, translations, or supports possible.

3.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(6): 1846-1851, dic. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528789

ABSTRACT

Existen diversas formas de evaluar el músculo esquelético. Una herramienta que ha ganado relevancia es la evaluación ecográfica. Esta, permite medir el grosor muscular (GM) y el ángulo de penación (AP). Por otra parte, en la formación inicial de los Kinesiólogos es importante realizar el ejercicio de la confiabilidad en la medición en relación al experto. un procedimiento diagnóstico. Así, el objetivo de este estudio es determinar la confiabilidad inter-evaluador en la medición del GM y el AP, a través de la evaluación ecográfica, entre un experto y un kinesiólogo en formación. La capacitación contó de tres fases; el ciclo teórico, el ciclo práctico y el proceso de confiabilidad. Para este último, se realizaron 10 pruebas para cada una de las mediciones GM 1, GM 2 y GM 3 y de AP. La confiabilidad inter-evaluador en la medición de GM es buena a excelente en los tres intentos GM1 (ICC=0,81; p=0,001), GM2 (ICC=0,86; p<0,001), GM3 (ICC=0,88;<0,001). Por su parte, la confiabilidad del AP fue pobre a regular (ICC=0,21; p=0,143. Las conclusiones de esta investigación indican que existe una excelente confiabilidad inter evaluador en la medición de GM. No así, en la medición de AP, por lo que se sugiere incrementar las horas prácticas en el proceso de aprendizaje de esta medida.


SUMMARY: Skeletal muscle can be assessed in a number of different ways. Consequently, ultrasound evaluation has become a relevant diagnostic tool. This procedure allows measuring muscle thickness (MT) and pennation angle (PA). Furthermore, during the initial training of physical therapists it is important in a diagnostic procedure, to exercise reliability in measurement in comparison to the expert. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the inter-rater reliability in the measurement of MT and PA, through ultrasound evaluation, between an expert and a physical therapist in training. This training was comprised of three phases: The theoretical cycle, the practical cycle and the reliability process. For the latter, ten different tests were performed for each of the MT 1, MT 2 and MT 3 and PA measurements. Inter-rater reliability in the MT measurement was good to excellent in the three attempts MT1 (ICC=0.81; p=0.001), MT2 (ICC=0.86; p<0.001), MT3 (ICC=0. 88;<0.001). On the other hand, reliability of the PA was poor to fair (ICC=0.21; p=0.143. In conclusion, this research indicates that there is excellent inter-rater reliability in the measurement of MT. This does not however apply to the measurement of PA. It is therefore suggested that practical hours during the learning process of this measure be increased.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ultrasonography/methods , Muscle, Skeletal/anatomy & histology , Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Observer Variation , Reproducibility of Results
4.
Kinesiologia ; 42(4): 300-307, 20231215.
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552541

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La población de personas mayores (PM) en Chile presenta un incremento sostenido con importantes tasas de fragilidad y riesgo de caídas (RC). El desempeño de marcha permite valorarlo mediante parámetros mecánicos y fisiológicos. Nos preguntamos, ¿cuáles podrían ser los más relevantes para estimar RC en condiciones de marcha confortable (MC) y máxima (MM)? Objetivo. Identificar los principales parámetros de marcha que podrían explicar RC en PM autovalentes de la comunidad. Métodos. Estudio observacional y transversal en el cual participaron 53 PM autovalentes de la comuna de Talca, Chile (edad 71±7años; IMC 29,1±3,4 kg/m2). Se solicitó a los participantes la ejecución de MC (n=53) y posteriormente MM (n=36). Ambas modalidades fueron desarrolladas en un circuito elíptico de 40m durante 3min. El RC se categorizó como: "sin riesgo", "riesgo dinámico" según prueba timed up and go (TUG) positiva, "riesgo estático" según estación unipodal (EUP) positiva y "riesgo mixto" con ambas pruebas positivas. Para la visualización de la variación gráfica en el morfoespacio de los individuos según RC, se realizó un análisis de componentes principales (ACP) mediante el Programa RStudio, utilizando 6 variables cinemáticas: i) velocidad promedio de marcha (VPM), ii) cadencia, iii) máximo despeje del pie (MDP), iv) coeficiente de variación (%CV) del MDP, v) longitud de zancada (LZ) y vi) %CV de la LZ. Además de 2 variables fisiológicas: i) % frecuencia cardiaca de reserva utilizada (%FCRu) y ii) el índice de costo fisiológico según la relación entre FC y VM (latidos/metros). Resultados. Para MC las dimensiones del ACP explican el 56% de la variabilidad de los datos, siendo los indicadores de seguridad de RC la VM, cadencia, LZ y MDP. La variabilidad de marcha explica RC mixto y el ICF junto al %FCRu se asocian a RC dinámico. En condiciones de MM, el ACP explica 60% de la variabilidad de datos, donde las PM sin RC se asocian con VM, LZ y MDP. Por su parte, la variabilidad del MDP se vincula con RC dinámico y las variables fisiológicas con el RC mixto. Conclusiones. Los parámetros de marcha que mejor explican una marcha segura y eficiente son cinemáticos de la fase de balanceo, mientras que la variabilidad y el costo fisiológico se asocian como indicadores de RC dinámico y mixto.


Background. Introduction: The elderly population (EP) in Chile is experiencing a sustained increase with significant rates of frailty and risk of falls (RF). Gait performance can be assessed using mechanical and physiological parameters. We wonder, which ones could be the most relevant to estimate RF in self-selected walking speed (SSWS) and maximum walking speed (MWS) conditions? Objective. Identify the main gait parameters that could explain RF in self-sufficient elderly individuals from the community. Methods. This observational and cross-sectional study included 53 self-sufficient elderly individuals from the commune of Talca, Chile (age 71±7 years; BMI 29.1±3.4 kg/m2). Participants were asked to perform SSWS (n=53) and subsequently MWS (n=36). Both modalities were conducted on a 40m elliptical circuit for 3 minutes. RF was categorized as: "no risk," "dynamic risk" based on a positive timed up and go test, "static risk" based on a positive one-legged stance test, and "mixed risk" with both tests positive. To visualize the graphical variation in the morphospace of individuals according to RF, a principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted using RStudio, utilizing 6 kinematic variables: i) walking speed (WS), ii) cadence, iii) maximum foot clearance (MFC), iv) coefficient of variation (%CV) of MFC, v) stride length (SL), and vi) %CV of SL. In addition to 2 physiological variables: i) % of reserve heart rate used (%RHRu) and ii) the physiological cost index based on the relationship between heart rate and WS (heartbeats/meters). Results. For SSWS, the PCA dimensions explained 56% of the data variability, with gait safety indicators such as WS, cadence, SL, and MFC explaining RF. Gait variability explains mixed RF, while the physiological cost index and %RHRu are associated with dynamic RF. In MWS conditions, PCA explains 60% of the data variability, where the elderly persons without RF are associated with WS, SL, and MFC. On the other hand, MFC variability is related to dynamic RF, and physiological variables are associated with mixed RF. Conclusions. The gait parameters that best explain safe and efficient walking are kinematic parameters of the swing phase, while variability and physiological cost are indicators of dynamic and mixed RF.

5.
J Morphol ; 283(9): 1231-1256, 2022 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35915873

ABSTRACT

Eocene early-diverging representatives of South American extinct notungulates are traditionally considered to have been "generalists" and "non-specialized" in terms of the appendicular skeleton and locomotor behavior, as is the case with the notostylopid Notostylops, a middle Eocene iconic taxon from Patagonia (Argentina). However, they are mainly known from dental remains, and associated cranial and postcranial elements are scarce. The discovery of a nearly complete specimen attributed to N. murinus allows us to: (1) increase the knowledge of the anatomy of its appendicular skeleton; (2) identify isolated bones from several collections and suggest different taxonomic interpretations for published specimens; (3) perform a biomechanical and functional study using functional morphological analysis to infer its paleoecological attributes (e.g. posture, locomotor habit, estimated speed, and body mass); and (4) establish morphofunctional comparisons, based on possible functional ranges, with other extinct early-diverging notoungulates from the middle Eocene, such as the Notopithecid Notopithecus. Our evidence suggests that Notostylops was a medium-sized mammal (8.5-20 kg), which could achieve a dynamic digitigrade posture that allowed a scansorial secondary locomotor habit and a speed of up to 50 km/h. However, Notopithecus was a small-sized mammal (0.6-1.4 kg) with a plantigrade posture both in a static and dynamic context, terrestrial habits, and a speed of up to 35 km/h. Therefore, we conclude that these Eocene notoungulates show different locomotor capabilities, which can be associated with early niche diversifications, clearly contrasting with the "all-generalists" paradigmatic view.


Subject(s)
Mammals , Skull , Animals , Argentina , Fossils , Mammals/anatomy & histology , Skull/anatomy & histology , South America
6.
Medwave ; 22(4): e8737, 2022 May 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35635738

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Walking speed is related to functionality in daily activities. Preventive Medicine Examination of the Chilean older adults is a vital prevention program for Chilean community- dwelling older adults. However, this evaluation does not include speed in its battery of tests. Objective: To evaluate the functional classification spaces for threshold, reference, and categorization val-ues of self- selected and maximum walking speed applied to self- sufficient older adults. Methods: Seventy- two self- sufficient older adults participated in this observational, exploratory, and cross- sectional study. Each participant was asked to walk naturally and then at full speed for three minutes. Through a dispersion graph between self- selected walking speed (axis "x") and maximum walking speed (axis "y"), functional classification spaces were constructed according to documented values for i) thresholds of basic functionality, ii) referential for the instrumental spectrum and iii) functional categorization for "household walker" (< 0.4 meters per second, m/s), "limited community ambulator" (0.40 to 0.80 m/s), "community ambulator" (0.81 to 1.3 m/s), and "cross street safely" (> 1.3 m/s). The relative frequency (%) of older adults who meet each established quadrant was determined. Results: The threshold was reached by 100% of the participants (basic daily activities). About 80% of the older adults have a functional classification space below the reference limit (instrumental and advanced daily activities). It was also found that 81% of women and 69% of men are "efficient in the community", and 31% of men and 14% of women reach the minimum value for "effec-tive street crossing" (advanced daily activities). Conclusions: The exploration of functional classification spaces according to self- selected walking speed and maximum walking speed applied to a group of self- sufficient older adults reveals that this pop-ulation is at risk of deteriorating instrumental and advanced activities of daily living.


Introducción: La velocidad de marcha se relaciona con la funcionalidad en actividades cotidianas. El Examen de Medicina Preventiva del Adulto Mayor es un hito relevante en la prevención de adultos mayores chilenos de la comunidad. Sin embargo, no incorpora a la velocidad dentro de su batería de pruebas. Objetivo: Evaluar una propuesta complementaria al Examen de Medicina Preventiva del Adulto Mayor según Espacios de Clasificación Funcional para valores umbrales, referenciales y de categorización de velocidad de marcha confortable y máxima aplicada a personas mayores autovalentes. Métodos: Participaron en este estudio observacional, exploratorio y transversal 72 adultos mayores autovalentes. Se solicitó a cada participante caminar naturalmente y luego a máxima velocidad durante 3 minutos. A través de un gráfico de dispersión entre velocidad de mar-cha confortable (eje “x”) y máxima (eje “y”), se construyeron Espacios de Clasificación Funcional según valores documentados para i) umbrales de funcionalidad básica, ii) referenciales para el espectro instrumental y iii) categorización funcional para actividades “dentro del hogar” (< 0,4 m/s), “limitadas en la comunidad” (0,40 a0,80 m/s), “eficiente en la comunidad” (0,81 a1,3 m/s) y “cruce seguro de calles” (> 1,3 m/s). Se determinó la frecuencia relativa (%) de adultos mayores que cumplen con cada cuadrante establecido. Resultados: El umbral fue sobrepasado por el 100% de los participantes (actividades cotidianas básicas). Cerca del 80% de los participantes presenta un Espacio de Clasificación Funcional bajo el límite de referencia (actividades cotidianas instrumentales y avanzadas). El 81% de las mujeres y el 69% de los hombres, se encuentran dentro del Espacio de Clasificación Funcional “eficiente en la comuni-dad”. El 31% de los hombres y el 14% de las mujeres alcanzan el valor mínimo para el “cruce efectivo de calles” (actividades coti-dianas avanzadas). Conclusiones: La exploración de Espacios de Clasificación Funcional según de velocidad de marcha confortable y máxima aplicada a un grupo de adultos mayores clasificados como autovalentes, resulta en individuos con riesgo para desarrollar actividades instrumentales y avanzadas.


Subject(s)
Activities of Daily Living , Walking Speed , Aged , Chile , Female , Humans , Independent Living , Male , Walking
7.
Medwave ; 22(4): e002551, 30-05-2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1371689

ABSTRACT

Introduction Walking speed is related to functionality in daily activities. Preventive Medicine Examination of the Chilean older adults is a vital prevention program for Chilean community- dwelling older adults. However, this evaluation does not include speed in its battery of tests. Objective To evaluate the functional classification spaces for threshold, reference, and categorization val-ues of self- selected and maximum walking speed applied to self- sufficient older adults. Methods Seventy- two self- sufficient older adults participated in this observational, exploratory, and cross- sectional study. Each participant was asked to walk naturally and then at full speed for three minutes. Through a dispersion graph between self- selected walking speed (axis "x") and maximum walking speed (axis "y"), functional classification spaces were constructed according to documented values for i) thresholds of basic functionality, ii) referential for the instrumental spectrum and iii) functional categorization for "household walker" (< 0.4 meters per second, m/s), "limited community ambulator" (0.40 to 0.80 m/s), "community ambulator" (0.81 to 1.3 m/s), and "cross street safely" (> 1.3 m/s). The relative frequency (%) of older adults who meet each established quadrant was determined. Results The threshold was reached by 100% of the participants (basic daily activities). About 80% of the older adults have a functional classification space below the reference limit (instrumental and advanced daily activities). It was also found that 81% of women and 69% of men are "efficient in the community", and 31% of men and 14% of women reach the minimum value for "effec-tive street crossing" (advanced daily activities). Conclusions The exploration of functional classification spaces according to self- selected walking speed and maximum walking speed applied to a group of self- sufficient older adults reveals that this pop-ulation is at risk of deteriorating instrumental and advanced activities of daily living.


Introducción La velocidad de marcha se relaciona con la funcionalidad en actividades cotidianas. El Examen de Medicina Preventiva del Adulto Mayor es un hito relevante en la prevención de adultos mayores chilenos de la comunidad. Sin embargo, no incorpora a la velocidad dentro de su batería de pruebas. Objetivo Evaluar una propuesta complementaria al Examen de Medicina Preventiva del Adulto Mayor según Espacios de Clasificación Funcional para valores umbrales, referenciales y de categorización de velocidad de marcha confortable y máxima aplicada a personas mayores autovalentes. Métodos Participaron en este estudio observacional, exploratorio y transversal 72 adultos mayores autovalentes. Se solicitó a cada participante caminar naturalmente y luego a máxima velocidad durante 3 minutos. A través de un gráfico de dispersión entre velocidad de mar-cha confortable (eje "x") y máxima (eje "y"), se construyeron Espacios de Clasificación Funcional según valores documentados para i) umbrales de funcionalidad básica, ii) referenciales para el espectro instrumental y iii) categorización funcional para actividades "dentro del hogar" (< 0,4 m/s), "limitadas en la comunidad" (0,40 a0,80 m/s), "eficiente en la comunidad" (0,81 a1,3 m/s) y "cruce seguro de calles" (> 1,3 m/s). Se determinó la frecuencia relativa (%) de adultos mayores que cumplen con cada cuadrante establecido. Resultados El umbral fue sobrepasado por el 100% de los participantes (actividades cotidianas básicas). Cerca del 80% de los participantes presenta un Espacio de Clasificación Funcional bajo el límite de referencia (actividades cotidianas instrumentales y avanzadas). El 81% de las mujeres y el 69% de los hombres, se encuentran dentro del Espacio de Clasificación Funcional "eficiente en la comuni-dad". El 31% de los hombres y el 14% de las mujeres alcanzan el valor mínimo para el "cruce efectivo de calles" (actividades coti-dianas avanzadas). Conclusiones La exploración de Espacios de Clasificación Funcional según de velocidad de marcha confortable y máxima aplicada a un grupo de adultos mayores clasificados como autovalentes, resulta en individuos con riesgo para desarrollar actividades instrumentales y avanzadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Activities of Daily Living , Walking Speed , Chile , Walking , Independent Living
8.
Animals (Basel) ; 12(4)2022 Feb 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35203204

ABSTRACT

Lameness is a painful clinical condition of the bovine locomotor system that results in alterations of movement. Together with mastitis and infertility, lameness is the main welfare, health, and production problem found in intensive dairy farms worldwide. The clinical assessment of lameness results in an imprecise diagnosis and delayed intervention. Hence, the current approach to the problem is palliative rather than preventive. The five main surfaces used in free housing systems in dairy farms are two natural (grass and sand) and three artificial (rubber, asphalt, and concrete). Each surface presents a different risk potential for lameness, with grass carrying the lowest threat. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the flooring type influences on cows' movement capabilities, using all the available information relating to kinematics, kinetics, behavior, and posture in free-housed dairy cows. Inspired by a refurbished movement ecology concept, we conducted a literature review, taking into account kinematics, kinetics, behavior, and posture parameters by reference to the main surfaces used in free housing systems for dairy cows. We built an integrative analysis of functional ranges (IAFuR), which provides a combined welfare status diagram for the optimal (i.e., within the upper and lower limit) functional ranges for movement (i.e., posture, kinematics, and kinetics), navigation (i.e., behavior), and recovery capacities (i.e., metabolic cost). Our analysis confirms grass' outstanding clinical performance, as well as for all of the movement parameters measured. Grass boosts pedal joint homeostasis; provides reliable, safe, and costless locomotion; promotes longer resting times. Sand is the best natural alternative surface, but it presents an elevated metabolic cost. Rubber is an acceptable artificial alternative surface, but it is important to consider the mechanical and design properties. Asphalt and concrete surfaces are the most harmful because of the high traffic abrasiveness and loading impact. Furthermore, IAFuR can be used to consider other qualitative and quantitative parameters and to provide recommendations on material properties and the design of any surface, so as to move towards a more grass-like feel. We also suggest the implementation of a decision-making pathway to facilitate the interpretation of movement data in a more comprehensive way, in order to promote consistent, adaptable, timely, and adequate management decisions.

9.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 68(2): 222-228, Apr.-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1125630

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción. El cáncer de mama (CM) es la enfermedad crónica no transmisible más frecuente y letal en mujeres. La información disponible sobre el impacto de sus diversos tratamientos en el sistema respiratorio es controversial. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del tratamiento con quimioterapia y radioterapia concomitante en los volúmenes pulmonares de un grupo de mujeres con CM en Talca, Chile. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles. La muestra (n=22) se dividió en dos grupos: control (n = 11) y con CM (n = 11). Para medir la capacidad vital forzada, los volúmenes pulmonares y la resistencia de las vías aéreas, se usó la prueba de pletismografía corporal. Para determinar la normalidad de los datos, se usó la prueba Shapiro-Wilks y, según sus resultados, se utilizó la prueba de t-Student o la de U de Mann-Whitney; se consideró un nivel de significancia de p<0.05. Resultados. Los flujos ventilatorios no presentaron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos, mientras que los volúmenes pulmonares en el grupo con CM experimentaron una disminución significativa en las variables capacidad inspiratoria (CI) y volumen residual (VR) (p<0.05). Conclusión. Las mujeres con CM y que fueron tratadas con quimioterapia y radioterapia concomitante experimentaron una disminución en su CI y su VR en comparación con el grupo control, lo que podría impactar su calidad de vida.


Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent and lethal chronic non-communicable disease in women, and available information on the impact that the different treatments for BC have on the respiratory system is controversial. Objective: To determine the effect of concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy on lung volumes in a group of women with BC living in Talca, Chile. Material and methods: Case-control study. The sample (n=22) was divided into two groups: control (n=11) and BC (n=11). A whole body plethysmography test was used to measure participants' forced vital capacity, lung volumes, and airway resistance. The Shapiro-Wilks test was used to determine the normality of data, and, according to the result of this test, the Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney U test were used. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered. Results: Ventilatory flows showed no significant differences between both groups, while lung volumes in the BC group experienced a significant decrease in the inspiratory capacity (IC) and residual volume (RV) variables (p<0.05). Conclusion: Compared to the CG, the women with BC who received concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy experienced a reduction of their IC and RV, which could affect their quality of life.

10.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(4): 230-236, ago. 2019. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1054926

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La obesidad está asociada a un descenso acelerado de la función ventilatoria. Las formas más frecuentes de evaluar el estado nutricional y medir la grasa abdominal y las caderas son el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el índice cintura-cadera (ICC). Existe escasa evidencia que sugiera su relación con la capacidad residual funcional (CRF). Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la relación entre el IMC, el ICC y la CRF en niños obesos de la ciudad de Talca, Chile. Población y métodos. Se reclutaron niños de ambos sexos (6-12 años). Se evaluaron peso, talla, IMC, ICC y función pulmonar a través de pletismografía corporal. Dependiendo de la distribución de los datos, se utilizó la prueba t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney para muestras independientes y, la prueba r de Pearson o Spearman para establecer la correlación entre ICC y CRF. Resultados. Los niños se dividieron en normopeso (n= 18) y obesos (n= 18). Se reportó una disminución significativa de la CRF (p= 0,025) en niños obesos y una relación inversa entre ICC y CRF, la cual fue moderada en niños normopeso (s= -0,489; p= 0,03) y alta en obesos (r= -0,681; p= 0,001). Conclusiones. Los niños obesos mostraron una menor CRF respecto de los normopeso, que, a su vez, se relacionó con el ICC. Estos resultados indican efectos sistémicos que produce la obesidad en la función ventilatoria en niños y la necesidad de incorporar indicadores de distribución de grasa corporal a temprana edad.


Introduction. Obesity is associated with a rapid decrease in ventilatory function. The most common way of assessing nutritional status and measuring abdominal fat and hips are the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-hip ratio (WHR). There is scarce evidence suggesting their relation to functional residual capacity (FRC). Our objective was to determine the relation among BMI, WHR, and FRC in obese children in the city of Talca, Chile. Population and methods. Male and female children were recruited (6-12 years). Weight, height, BMI, WHR, and pulmonary function were assessed; the latter with body plethysmography. Depending on data distribution, Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney U test were used for independent samples, while Pearson's or Spearman's r test was used to establish the correlation between WHR and FRC. Results. Children were divided into normal weight (n = 18) and obese (n = 18). A significant reduction in FRC (p = 0.025) was reported in obese children, while a reverse association was observed between WHR and FRC, which was moderate in normal weight children (s = -0.489; p = 0.03) and high in obese children (r = -0.681; p = 0.001). Conclusions. Obese children showed a lower FRC compared to normal weight children, which, in turn, was associated with WHR. These results are indicative of the systemic effects caused by obesity on children's ventilatory function and the need to use body fat distribution indicators at an early age.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Functional Residual Capacity , Waist-Hip Ratio , Abdominal Fat
11.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(4): 230-236, 2019 08 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31339265

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is associated with a rapid decrease in ventilatory function. The most common way of assessing nutritional status and measuring abdominal fat and hips are the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-hip ratio (WHR). There is scarce evidence suggesting their relation to functional residual capacity (FRC). Our objective was to determine the relation among BMI, WHR, and FRC in obese children in the city of Talca, Chile. POPULATION AND METHODS: Male and female children were recruited (6-12 years). Weight, height, BMI, WHR, and pulmonary function were assessed; the latter with body plethysmography. Depending on data distribution, Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney U test were used for independent samples, while Pearson's or Spearman's r test was used to establish the correlation between WHR and FRC. RESULTS: Children were divided into normal weight (n = 18) and obese (n = 18). A significant reduction in FRC (p = 0.025) was reported in obese children, while a reverse association was observed between WHR and FRC, which was moderate in normal weight children (s = -0.489; p = 0.03) and high in obese children (r = -0.681; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Obese children showed a lower FRC compared to normal weight children, which, in turn, was associated with WHR. These results are indicative of the systemic effects caused by obesity on children's ventilatory function and the need to use body fat distribution indicators at an early age.


Introducción. La obesidad está asociada a un descenso acelerado de la función ventilatoria. Las formas más frecuentes de evaluar el estado nutricional y medir la grasa abdominal y las caderas son el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el índice cintura-cadera (ICC). Existe escasa evidencia que sugiera su relación con la capacidad residual funcional (CRF). Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la relación entre el IMC, el ICC y la CRF en niños obesos de la ciudad de Talca, Chile. Población y métodos. Se reclutaron niños de ambos sexos (6-12 años). Se evaluaron peso, talla, IMC, ICC y función pulmonar a través de pletismografía corporal. Dependiendo de la distribución de los datos, se utilizó la prueba t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney para muestras independientes y, la prueba r de Pearson o Spearman para establecer la correlación entre ICC y CRF. Resultados. Los niños se dividieron en normopeso (n= 18) y obesos (n= 18). Se reportó una disminución significativa de la CRF (p= 0,025) en niños obesos y una relación inversa entre ICC y CRF, la cual fue moderada en niños normopeso (s= -0,489; p= 0,03) y alta en obesos (r= -0,681; p= 0,001). Conclusiones. Los niños obesos mostraron una menor CRF respecto de los normopeso, que, a su vez, se relacionó con el ICC. Estos resultados indican efectos sistémicos que produce la obesidad en la función ventilatoria en niños y la necesidad de incorporar indicadores de distribución de grasa corporal a temprana edad.


Subject(s)
Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Functional Residual Capacity , Pediatric Obesity/physiopathology , Waist-Hip Ratio , Child , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male
12.
Nutr. hosp ; 36(2): 428-433, mar.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-184339

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la obesidad y el cáncer de mama (CM) son dos enfermedades con sintomatología conocida, sin embargo, la asociación de ambas y su repercusión en el sistema respiratorio están escasamente investigadas. Objetivo: describir los efectos del sobrepeso y la obesidad sobre los volúmenes pulmonares de pacientes con cáncer de mama de la ciudad de Talca. Método: cuarenta y una mujeres con diagnóstico de CM se dividieron en nueve pacientes con cáncer de mama y normopeso (CM + NP), 18 con cáncer de mama y sobrepeso (CM + SP) y 14 con cáncer de mama y obesidad (CM + O). Se midieron la capacidad vital forzada y los volúmenes pulmonares. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó ANOVA o Kruskal-Wallis y para las correlaciones, Pearson o Spearman. Se consideró un nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. Resultados: las pacientes con CM + NP tuvieron un mayor volumen residual que las pacientes con CM + SP y CM + O (ambos p < 0,05). La capacidad residual funcional (CRF) fue significativamente mayor en pacientes con CM + NP versus pacientes con CM + SP y CM + O (ambos p < 0,05). La capacidad pulmonar total fue significativamente superior en pacientes con CM + NP versus CM + SP y CM + O (p < 0,01 y p < 0,001; respectivamente). Entre IMC y CRF se encontró una correlación negativa y significativa en las pacientes con CM + O (p = 0,049). Por último, en las pacientes con CM + O se observó una correlación positiva y significativa entre talla y CRF (p = 0,01). Conclusiones: la disminución en los volúmenes pulmonares se ve exacerbada cuando las pacientes con CM presentan malnutrición por exceso; además, se correlaciona negativamente con el IMC en pacientes con CM + O


Introduction: obesity and breast cancer (BC) are two diseases with known symptoms; however, the association of both and its impact on the respiratory system is poorly investigated. Objective: to describe the effects of overweight and obesity on the pulmonary volumes of patients with breast cancer from the city of Talca. Method: forty-one women diagnosed with BC were divided into three groups: nine patients with breast cancer and normal weight (BC + NW), 18 with breast cancer and overweight (BC + OW) and 14 with breast cancer and obesity (BC + O). Forced vital capacity and lung volumes were measured, ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis was used for the statistical analysis, and for the Pearson or Spearman correlations, a level of significance of p < 0.05 was considered. Results: patients with BC + NW had a greater residual volume than those with BC + OW and BC + O (both p < 0.05). Functional residual capacity (FRC) was significantly higher in patients with BC + NP versus patients with BC + OW and BC + O (both p < 0.05). The total lung capacity was significantly higher in patients with BC + NW versus BC + OW and BC + O (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Between the BMI and FRC, a negative and significant correlation was found in the patients with BC + O (p = 0.049). Finally, in patients with BC + O a positive and significant correlation was observed between height and FRC (p = 0.01). Conclusions: the decrease in pulmonary volumes is exacerbated when patients with BC present malnutrition by excess. In addition, it is negatively correlated with the BMI in patients with BC + O


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Lung/pathology , Obesity/pathology , Overweight/pathology , Body Mass Index , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Functional Residual Capacity , Lung Volume Measurements , Obesity/complications , Overweight/complications , Vital Capacity
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(2): 227-233, abr. 2018. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887464

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La obesidad infantojuvenil es un problema epidemiológico en los países en vías de desarrollo. Su prevalencia entre los niños en edad preescolar y escolar supera el 30%. Esta se asocia a una amplia variedad de complicaciones de salud, entre ellas, una acelerada pérdida de la función pulmonar, que provoca cambios en la fisiología y mecánica ventilatoria. El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar la asociación entre obesidad y aumento de la resistencia específica de las vías aéreas (specific resistance airway; sRaw, por sus siglas en inglés) en una muestra infantojuvenil obesa de la comuna de Talca. Material y método. En una muestra de 36 sujetos con un promedio de edad de 9,38 ± 1,99 años, dividida en dos grupos, peso normal y obesos, se midieron los pliegues tricipital, subescapular, abdominal y volúmenes pulmonares. Para el análisis estadístico, se determinó la normalidad de los datos y, posteriormente, se utilizaron los test t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney y Pearson o Spearman según correspondiera. Se consideró un nivel de significancia estadística de p < 0,05. Resultados. Al comparar sujetos de peso normal con obesos, se observó un aumento significativo de la sRaw y una disminución significativa de la conductancia específica de la vía aérea en sujetos obesos. Además, se observó una correlación buena y significativa entre sRaw y porcentaje de grasa. Conclusiones. Los sujetos obesos mostraron un aumento de la sRaw y disminución de la conductancia específica de la vía aérea.


Introduction. Child and adolescent obesity is an epidemiological problem in developing countries. Its prevalence among preschoolers and schoolchildren is over 30%. It has been associated with a wide range of health complications, including rapid loss of lung function leading to changes in physiology and ventilatory mechanics. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between obesity and the increase in specific airway resistance (sRaw) in a sample of obese children and adolescents from the district of Talca. Material and method. In a sample of 36 subjects with an average age of 9.38 ± 1.99 years, divided into 2 groups (normal weight and obese), the tricipital, subscapular, and abdominal skinfolds and lung volumes were measured. For the statistical analysis, data normality was determined and then the Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's or Spearman's correlations were used, as applicable. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. When comparing normal weight and obese subjects, a significant increase in sRaw and a significant reduction in specific airway conductance (sGaw) were observed in obese subjects. In addition, an adequate and significant correlation was observed between sRaw and fat percentage. Conclusions. Obese subjects showed an increased sRaw and a reduced sGaw.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Airway Resistance , Pediatric Obesity/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies
14.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 116(2): e227-e233, 2018 Apr 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29557605

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Child and adolescent obesity is an epidemiological problem in developing countries. Its prevalence among preschoolers and schoolchildren is over 30%. It has been associated with a wide range of health complications, including rapid loss of lung function leading to changes in physiology and ventilatory mechanics. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between obesity and the increase in specific airway resistance (sRaw) in a sample of obese children and adolescents from the district of Talca. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In a sample of 36 subjects with an average age of 9.38 ± 1.99 years, divided into 2 groups (normal weight and obese), the tricipital, subscapular, and abdominal skinfolds and lung volumes were measured. For the statistical analysis, data normality was determined and then the Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's or Spearman's correlations were used, as applicable. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: When comparing normal weight and obese subjects, a significant increase in sRaw and a significant reduction in specific airway conductance (sGaw) were observed in obese subjects. In addition, an adequate and significant correlation was observed between sRaw and fat percentage. CONCLUSIONS: Obese subjects showed an increased sRaw and a reduced sGaw.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La obesidad infantojuvenil es un problema epidemiológico en los países en vías de desarrollo. Su prevalencia entre los niños en edad preescolar y escolar supera el 30%. Esta se asocia a una amplia variedad de complicaciones de salud, entre ellas, una acelerada pérdida de la función pulmonar, que provoca cambios en la fisiología y mecánica ventilatoria. El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar la asociación entre obesidad y aumento de la resistencia específica de las vías aéreas (specific resistance airway; sRaw, por sus siglas en inglés) en una muestra infantojuvenil obesa de la comuna de Talca. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: En una muestra de 36 sujetos con un promedio de edad de 9,38 ± 1,99 años, dividida en dos grupos, peso normal y obesos, se midieron los pliegues tricipital, subescapular, abdominal y volúmenes pulmonares. Para el análisis estadístico, se determinó la normalidad de los datos y, posteriormente, se utilizaron los test t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney y Pearson o Spearman según correspondiera. Se consideró un nivel de significancia estadística de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Al comparar sujetos de peso normal con obesos, se observó un aumento significativo de la sRaw y una disminución significativa de la conductancia específica de la vía aérea en sujetos obesos. Además, se observó una correlación buena y significativa entre sRaw y porcentaje de grasa. CONCLUSIONES: Los sujetos obesos mostraron un aumento de la sRaw y disminución de la conductancia específica de la vía aérea.


Subject(s)
Airway Resistance , Pediatric Obesity/physiopathology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male
15.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(3): 845-851, Sept. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-893062

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del siguiente estudio fue determinar las dimensiones del tórax y su relación con la función ventilatoria en un grupo de nadadores correspondientes a la selección de natación de la Universidad Católica del Maule. Se evaluaron 42 sujetos de sexo masculino entre 18 y 26 años, 18 seleccionados de natación y 24 estudiantes sedentarios, todos de la Universidad Católica del Maule. Se les realizó antropometría corporal básica (peso y talla corporal) y específica de tórax, diámetro antero-posterior (DAT) y transverso (DTT) de tórax y perímetro mesoesternal (PME). Posterior a esto, se evaluó la función ventilatoria a través de pletismografía corporal. Para el análisis estadístico se determinó la normalidad de los datos posteriormente se utilizó t de student o U de Mann-Whitney y Pearson o Spearman según correspondiera, para establecer significancia estadística o correlación, respectivamente. Se consideró un nivel de significancia estadística de p<0,05. Se observó un aumento significativo del índice de masa corporal (IMC), mayores dimensiones de tórax en nadadores, DAT a capacidad pulmonar total (CPT) y PME a CPT y volumen residual (VR). En función ventilatoria existió un aumento significativo de presión espiratoria máxima (PEM), presión inspiratoria máxima (PIM), capacidad inspiratoria (CI) y CPT. También se observaron correlaciones de buenas a excelentes entre diámetro y perímetro de tórax con CI y CPT en los nadadores. Por tanto, se concluye que existió una relación entre la antropometría de tórax y la función ventilatoria en nadadores de la Universidad Católica del Maule.


The main point of this study is to determine the dimensions of the thorax and its relation to the ventilatory function of a group of swimmers members of the swimming team at Universidad Católica del Maule. 42 male subjects, whose age vary between 18 and 26 years old, were evaluated. 18 subjects were on the swimming team and 24 were sedentary students, all of them study in Universidad Católica del Maule. They were performed a basic bodily anthropometry assessment (weight and body size) and they were also performed a specific anthropometric assessment of the thorax, as well as one of the anteroposterior diameter (ATD) and the transverse diameter (TDT), thorax and the mesosternal perimeter (MP). Finally, they were performed an evaluation of the ventilatory function trough body plethysmography. For the statistical analysis the normality of the data was determined, then came the use of t of student or U of Mann-Whitney and Pearson or Spearman, depending of the case, whether it was to determine the statistical significance or correlation, respectably. A level of statistical significance of p> 0,05 was considered. A significant increase of the body mass index (BMI) was observed, bigger thorax dimensions, PDA to full pulmonary capacity (FPC) and PME to FPC and residual volume. In the ventilatory function there was a significant increase of maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), inspiratory capacity (IC) and FPC. There were also correlations that vary from good to excellent between the diameter and perimeter of the thorax and IC and FMP, among the swimmers. Thus, it is concluded that relations exist between the anthropometrical of the thorax and the ventilatory function in swimmers of the Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Anthropometry , Lung/physiology , Swimming , Thorax/anatomy & histology , Vital Capacity
16.
Colomb Med (Cali) ; 47(2): 94-9, 2016 Jun 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27546931

ABSTRACT

AIM: To evaluate the linear variability of comfortable gait according to socioeconomic status in community-dwelling elderly. METHOD: For this cross-sectional observational study 63 self- functioning elderly were categorized according to the socioeconomic level on medium-low (n= 33, age 69.0 ± 5.0 years) and medium-high (n= 30, age 71.0 ± 6.0 years). Each participant was asked to perform comfortable gait speed for 3 min on an 40 meters elliptical circuit, recording in video five strides which were transformed into frames, determining the minimum foot clearance, maximum foot clearance and stride length. The intra-group linear variability was calculated by the coefficient of variation in percent. RESULTS: The trajectory parameters variability is not different according to socioeconomic status with a 30% (range= 15-55%) for the minimum foot clearance and 6% (range= 3-8%) in maximum foot clearance. Meanwhile, the stride length consistently was more variable in the medium-low socioeconomic status for the overall sample (p= 0.004), female (p= 0.041) and male gender (p= 0.007), with values near 4% ​​(range = 2.5-5.0%) in the medium-low and 2% (range = 1.5-3.5%) in the medium-high. CONCLUSIONS: The intra-group linear variability is consistently higher and within reference parameters for stride length during comfortable gait for elderly belonging to medium-low socioeconomic status. This might be indicative of greater complexity and consequent motor adaptability.


OBJETIVO: Evaluar la variabilidad lineal de marcha confortable según el nivel socioeconómico en adultos mayores de la comunidad. MÉTODOS: Participaron en este estudio observacional y transversal 63 adultos mayores autovalentes, los cuales se categorizaron según el estatus socioeconómico en medio-bajo (n= 33; edad 69.0 ± 5.0 años) y medio-alto (n= 30; edad 71.0 ± 6.0 años). Se solicitó a cada participante realizar marcha natural durante 3 min en un circuito elíptico de 40 metros, registrándose en video cinco zancadas las que se transformaron a fotogramas, determinándose mediante su promedio, el mínimo despeje del pie, máximo despeje del pie y la longitud de zancada. La variabilidad lineal intra-grupo se calculó mediante el porcentaje del coeficiente de variación. RESULTADOS: La variabilidad de los parámetros de trayectoria no es diferente según el nivel socioeconómico con un 30% (rango= 15-55%) para el mínimo despeje del pie y 6% (rango= 3-8%) en el máximo despeje del pie. Por su parte, la longitud de zancada presenta sistemáticamente mayor variabilidad en el nivel socioeconómico medio-bajo para la muestra general (p= 0.004), género femenino (p= 0.041) y masculino (p= 0.007), siendo sus valores cercanos al 4% (rango= 2.5-5.0%) en el nivel medio-bajo y 2% (rango= 1.5-3.5%) en el medio-alto. CONCLUSIONES: La variabilidad lineal intra-grupo es sistemáticamente mayor y dentro de parámetros de referencia en la longitud de zancada durante marcha confortable para adultos mayores pertenecientes al nivel socioeconómico medio-bajo. Esto sería indicativo de mayor complejidad y consecuente adaptabilidad motora.


Subject(s)
Gait/physiology , Social Class , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Independent Living , Male , Sex Factors , Walking Speed
17.
Rev. cienc. salud (Bogotá) ; 14(2): 179-190, mayo-ago. 2016. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-830252

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la funcionalidad en adultos mayores (AM) se encuentra condicionada por aspectos sociales, económicos y culturales; al respecto, la velocidad de marcha confortable (MC) es considerada su indicador más específico, lo que traduce un costo fisiológico (CF) asociado. En este escenario, el propósito de esta investigación es evaluar el CF de MC, según el nivel socioeconómico (NSE) en AM autovalentes. Materiales y métodos: participaron 75 AM autovalentes, los cuales fueron clasificados según el NSE en medio-bajo y medio-alto. Se solicitó a cada participante que caminara naturalmente durante 3 minutos en una pista de forma elíptica, se registró cada 15 segundos la distancia recorrida y la frecuencia cardiaca de trabajo, esto para el correspondiente cálculo del índice de costo fisiológico (ICF). Además, se estableció como punto crítico fisiológico (PCF) el aumento significativo del ICF desde el estado basal. Resultados: el ICF fue similar según NSE (p = 0,885), siendo mayor en mujeres (≈0,3 lat/m) que en hombres (≈0,2 lat/m; p < 0,001). La distancia recorrida fue alrededor de 200 metros en ambos NSE y géneros, siendo superior en el NSE medio-bajo para el grupo masculino frente al femenino (p = 0,009). En mujeres el PCF aparece 15 segundos antes en el NSE medio-alto, mientras que en hombres el ICF se mantiene estable durante toda la prueba. Conclusión: el NSE no influye en el CF de mc de AM autovalentes, no obstante, se confirma al género como principal factor en su traducción. Se recomienda la inclusión metodológica del PCf, dada su pertinencia para el análisis de la eficiencia de marcha.


Introduction: Elderly functionality is conditioned by social, economic and cultural aspects. The Comfortable Gait Speed (CGS) is considered the most specific indicator of functional capacity, reflecting an associated Physiological Cost (FC). Under this scenario, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the Comfortable Gait Physiologic Cost (CGPC) according to Socioeconomic Status (SES) in self-reliant elderly. Materials and methods: 75 self-reliant elderly were classified into medium-low and medium-high SES levels. Each participant was asked to walk naturally for three minutes on an elliptical track. Traveled distance and heart rate were recorded every 15 seconds for the Physio-logical Cost Index (PCI) calculation. Furthermore, the significant increase from baseline PCI was established as the Critical Physiological Point (CPP). Results: There was no difference in the PCI in relation to the SSE (p = 0.885). However, it was higher in women (≈0,3 lat / m) when compared to men (≈ 0.2 beats/m; p < 0.001). The traveled distance was about 200 meters in both SES and gender, showing higher in the medium-low SES for the male versus the female group (p = 0.009). In women the CPP appears 15 seconds earlier in the medium-high SES, while in men the pci remains stable throughout the test. Conclusions: The SES does not influence the CGPC in self-reliant elderly; however gender is confirmed as the main factor in its translation. Methodological CPP inclusion is recommended given its relevance to the analysis of gait efficiency.


Introdução: A capacidade funcional em idosos é condicionada por aspectos sociais, econômicos e culturais. A Velocidade de Caminhada Confortável (VCC) é considerada o indicador mais específico da capacidade funcional, traduzindo um Custo Fisiológico (CF) associado. Neste cenário, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o CF da VCC relacionada ao Status Socioeconômico (SSE) de idosos autovalentes. Materiais e métodos: Fizeram parte deste estudo 75 idosos independentes, os quais foram classificados de acordo com o SSE em média-baixa e média-alta. Cada participante foi motivado a caminhar naturalmente por 3 minutos em uma pista elíptica. Foram registrados a cada 15 segundos distância percorrida e da freqüência cardíaca, para o cálculo do Índice de Custo Fisiológico (ICF). Além disso, estabeleceu-se como um Ponto Crítico Fisiológico (PCF) em ICF aumento significativo a partir da linha de base. Resultados: Não houve diferença no ICF em relação ao SSE (p = 0,885), porém, o mesmo foi maior em mulheres (≈0,3 lat/m) comparado aos homens (≈0,2 lat/m; p < 0,001). A distância percorrida foi de cerca de 200 metros em ambos SSE e gêneros, sendo maior no SSE médio-baixo para o sexo masculino em relação o grupo feminino (p = 0,009). Nas mulheres, o PCF aparece 15 segundos antes no SSE médio-alto, nos homens o ICF permanece estável ao longo do teste. Conclusão: O SSE não influencia o CF da VCC de idosos independentes, no entanto, o gênero influência de forma importante na tradução do CF. É recomendada a inclusão metodológica do PCF devido à sua relevância para a análise da eficiência da marcha.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged , Aging , Chile , Gait , Monitoring, Physiologic
18.
Colomb. med ; 47(2): 94-99, Apr.June 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-791145

ABSTRACT

Aim: To evaluate the linear variability of comfortable gait according to socioeconomic status in community-dwelling elderly. Method: For this cross-sectional observational study 63 self- functioning elderly were categorized according to the socioeconomic level on medium-low (n= 33, age 69.0 ± 5.0 years) and medium-high (n= 30, age 71.0 ± 6.0 years). Each participant was asked to perform comfortable gait speed for 3 min on an 40 meters elliptical circuit, recording in video five strides which were transformed into frames, determining the minimum foot clearance, maximum foot clearance and stride length. The intra-group linear variability was calculated by the coefficient of variation in percent. Results: The trajectory parameters variability is not different according to socioeconomic status with a 30% (range= 15-55%) for the minimum foot clearance and 6% (range= 3-8%) in maximum foot clearance. Meanwhile, the stride length consistently was more variable in the medium-low socioeconomic status for the overall sample (p= 0.004), female (p= 0.041) and male gender (p= 0.007), with values near 4% (range = 2.5-5.0%) in the medium-low and 2% (range = 1.5-3.5%) in the medium-high. Conclusions: The intra-group linear variability is consistently higher and within reference parameters for stride length during comfortable gait for elderly belonging to medium-low socioeconomic status. This might be indicative of greater complexity and consequent motor adaptability.


Objetivo: Evaluar la variabilidad lineal de marcha confortable según el nivel socioeconómico en adultos mayores de la comunidad. Métodos: Participaron en este estudio observacional y transversal 63 adultos mayores autovalentes, los cuales se categorizaron según el estatus socioeconómico en medio-bajo (n= 33; edad 69.0 ± 5.0 años) y medio-alto (n= 30; edad 71.0 ± 6.0 años). Se solicitó a cada participante realizar marcha natural durante 3 min en un circuito elíptico de 40 metros, registrándose en video cinco zancadas las que se transformaron a fotogramas, determinándose mediante su promedio, el mínimo despeje del pie, máximo despeje del pie y la longitud de zancada. La variabilidad lineal intra-grupo se calculó mediante el porcentaje del coeficiente de variación. Resultados: La variabilidad de los parámetros de trayectoria no es diferente según el nivel socioeconómico con un 30% (rango= 15-55%) para el mínimo despeje del pie y 6% (rango= 3-8%) en el máximo despeje del pie. Por su parte, la longitud de zancada presenta sistemáticamente mayor variabilidad en el nivel socioeconómico medio-bajo para la muestra general (p= 0.004), género femenino (p= 0.041) y masculino (p= 0.007), siendo sus valores cercanos al 4% (rango= 2.5-5.0%) en el nivel medio-bajo y 2% (rango= 1.5-3.5%) en el medio-alto. Conclusiones: La variabilidad lineal intra-grupo es sistemáticamente mayor y dentro de parámetros de referencia en la longitud de zancada durante marcha confortable para adultos mayores pertenecientes al nivel socioeconómico medio-bajo. Esto sería indicativo de mayor complejidad y consecuente adaptabilidad motora.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Social Class , Gait/physiology , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Independent Living , Walking Speed
20.
Psicol. teor. pesqui ; 31(4): 501-507, out.-dez. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-769873

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La marcha es fundamental para la funcionalidad de adultos mayores (AM), además su expresión actitudinal se relaciona con diferentes estados emocionales, los cuales son condicionados por el nivel socioeconómico (NSE). El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar el comportamiento de atributos actitudinales de marcha según el NSE en AM autovalentes. Participaron este estudio 71 AM autovalentes de la comunidad de Talca-Chile, categorizados según el NSE a los cuales se les aplicó el instrumento denominado análisis de forma y esfuerzo de la marcha previo caracterización de confiabilidad. Los resultados indican que el estilo de marcha no es diferente según el NSE en AM autovalentes; sin embargo, los perfiles cualificados presentan variaciones en los anclajes las que son dependientes del género.


ABSTRACT The gait is critical to the elderly functionality; in addition, attitudinal expression is related to different emotional states, which are conditioned by socioeconomic status (SES). The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate gait behavior attitudinal attributes according to SES in self-reliant community-dwelling elderly. This study involved 71 self-reliant elderly of Talca-Chile, categorized according to the SES, to whom we applied the shape and effort gait analysis previous reliability characterization. The results indicate that the gait style is not different depending on the SES in self-reliant elderly; however, qualified profiles show variations in anchors which are gender dependent.

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