ABSTRACT
Comadia redtenbacheri (Hammerschmidt) (Agave Red Worm) is the only member of the family Cossidae that has been described as a phytophagous specialist of the plant genus Agave, which is mainly distributed in México. A new extraction protocol adapted from Stewart Via (1993) has been implemented for sequencing the COI gene from samples collected in five states of the North Central (Querétaro and Zacatecas), South Central (Estado de México) and East Central (Hidalgo and Tlaxcala) regions of México with the purpose of contributing to delineation of the species. A Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree based on these COI sequences as well as COI sequences from other Cossinae species was developed to complement the existing morphological and taxonomic approaches to delineation of this species. As expected, our Comadia samples cluster together within a monophyletic clade that includes four C. redtenbacheri sequences previously reported. This group seems to be consistent with our reconstruction, which is supported by a bootstrap value of over 99%. The closely related branches associated with the latter group include organisms known to be the plant and tree borers of the Cossinae subfamily. The COI sequences from our samples were analyzed to determine the percentage of identity among the C. redtenbacheri in a first attempt to detect differences in the sequence that matches a particular region of México.
Subject(s)
Lepidoptera , Agave , Animals , Mexico , PhylogenyABSTRACT
AIM: To assess the risk of colonic polyps, adenomas and advanced neoplastic lesions (ANL) in patients with sporadic gastric polyps, especially those with fundic gland polyps (FGP). METHODS: Clinical records of patients who had performed an upper and a lower digestive endoscopy between September 2007 and August 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. A case-control study was carried out, calling patients with gastric polyps as "cases" and patients without gastric polyps as "controls". The risk of colonic polyps, adenomas and ANL (villous component ≥ 25%, size ≥ 10 mm, or high grade dysplasia) was assessed [odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95%CI]. RESULTS: Two hundred and forty seven patients were analyzed: 78 with gastric polyps (cases) and 169 without gastric polyps (controls). Among the cases, the majority of gastric polyps were FGP (80%, CI: 69-88) and hyperplastic (20%, CI: 12-31); 25% had colonic polyps (25% hyperplastic and 68% adenomas, from which 45% were ANL). Among the controls, 20% had colonic polyps (31% hyperplastic and 63% adenomas, from which 41% were ANL). The patients with sporadic FGP had an OR of 1.56 (CI: 0.80-3.04) for colonic polyps, an OR of 1.78 (CI: 0.82-3.84) for colonic adenomas, and an OR of 0.80 (CI: 0.21-2.98) for ANL. Similar results were found in patients with gastric polyps in general. CONCLUSION: The results of this study did not show more risk of colorectal adenomas or ANL neither in patients with sporadic gastric polyps nor in those with FGP.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although small bowel and esophagus neoplasia are recognized to occur more frequently in patients with celiac disease, the association with colorectal cancer is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of colorectal neoplasia among patients with celiac disease. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted using the gastroenterology and endoscopy unit electronic data base. Patients with celiac disease and colonoscopy were regarded as cases and those without celiac disease and colonoscopy as controls. Patients were matched for age, sex, colonoscopy purpose and family history of colorectal cancer. The main outcome was the risk of colorectal polyps, adenomas, advanced lesions and cancer. The risk was expressed as odds ratio (OR) with the respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS: Out of 178 celiac disease patients, 44 were included as cases. Eighty-eight non-celiac patients were included as controls. In cases, the presence of polyps, adenomas and advanced colonic lesions was 20%, 16% and 4.5%, respectively. In controls, it was 15%, 9% and3.4%, respectively. The risk of polyps, adenomas and advanced colonic lesions was similar in both groups: OR 1.48 (95% CI 0.59-3.73), OR 1.89 (95% CI 0.66-5.42) and OR 1.34 (95% CI 0.26-7.05). No colorectal cancer was identified. CONCLUSION: The risk of colorectal neoplasia within this cohort of patients with celiac disease was similar to the control population.
Subject(s)
Celiac Disease/complications , Colonic Polyps/etiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/etiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Case-Control Studies , Colonoscopy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
El síndrome de Sweet o dermatosis neutrofílica aguda febril se caracteriza por presentar fiebre, placas eritematosas dolorosas, neutrofilia y un infiltrado dérmico constituido por neutrófilos con edema papilar y sin vasculitis. El compromiso cutáneo de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal es habitual, sin embargo la asociación con este síndrome es infrecuente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Acetaminophen/adverse effects , Analgesics/adverse effects , Colitis, Ulcerative/pathology , Steroids/therapeutic use , Sweet Syndrome/physiopathologyABSTRACT
La imagen endoscópica convencional no permite visualizar las vellosidades intestinales ni detectar directamente atrofia de las mismas...Los nuevos endoscopios de alta resolución fueron diseñados para incrementar la calidad de las imágenes y mejorar la definición de las anormalidades mucosas permitiendo visualizar en forma direacta las vellosidades duodenales. Por otro lado se ha descrito el uso de una técnica endoscópica que consiste en la instilación de agua en el duodeno (inmersión) para proporcionar una magnificación de los detalles de la mucosa y aumentar la sensibilidad para visualizar atrofia vellositaria. El objetivo del trabajo es 1) entrenamiento de los operadores en la técnica de inmersión 2) evaluar la variación inter observador para predecir atrofia vellositaria, comparándola con la anatomía patológica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aged , Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal , Endoscopy , Celiac Disease/diagnosis , Celiac Disease/pathology , Celiac Disease , Intestinal Mucosa/pathologyABSTRACT
The aim of this report was to describe the clinical and pathologic features of lymphoepithelial cysts of the pancreas, establish the differential diagnosis of other pancreatic cysts, and review the literature. A 53-year-old man was incidentally diagnosed with a pancreatic lesion after an abdominal CT scan. This study showed a solid mass in the tail of the pancreas not enhanced by helical CT. Endoscopic ultrasound examination revealed a low-density tissue mass on the surface of the pancreas, less echogenic than the surrounding parenchyma. Distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed with a suspected diagnosis of mucinous cystic tumor. The patient has had an uneventful postoperative period, and the pathologic finding was a lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas. Lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas is an unusual and benign entity that must be taken into consideration when evaluating a cystic lesion of the pancreas because a different therapeutic approach may be required.
Subject(s)
Pancreatic Cyst/diagnosis , Pancreatic Cyst/epidemiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Endosonography , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreatic Cyst/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Los pacientes con Obesidad Grave (excesos del 100% o cuando menos 45 Kgs. sobre el peso ideal), tienen 12 veces menos expectativas de vida que la población normal. El persistente fracaso de los tratamientos médicos y dietéticos ha conducido a la búsqueda de soluciones quirúrgicas. Desde Noviembre de 1985 hasta el presente, practicamos la GASTROPLASTIA VERTICAL en 77 casos. Esta intervención consiste en la construcción de un reservorio Gástrico de una capacidad no mayor de 40 cc. Las indicaciones fueron las de ser portadores de una Obesidad Grave por un período mínimo de 5 años y haber agotado todas las otras alternativas de tratamiento médico dietético. Se practicaron exámenes de laboratorio, endocrinológicos, evaluaciones Cardio-pulmonares, Digestivas y Psiquiátricas. La edad promedio fue 34 años con un rango de 16 a 60 años, 55 hembras y 22 varones. El peso promedio fue 122 kilogramos (195% de peso Corporal Ideal) con un rango de 90 a 281 Kg. Practicamos 23 procedimientos quirúrgicos asociados, siendo la Colecistectomía la más frecuente, en 14 casos. No se produjo ninguna muerte. Las complicaciones mayores fueron 2 perforaciones gástricas, 2 Fístula Esofágica, 1 Tromboembolismo Pulmonar y 1 Evisceración, morbilidad que correspondió al 6,5%. Hubo seguimiento del 95% a los 6 meses, 75% al año y 65% a los 2 años. Durante el primer trimestre perdieron el 40% del exceso Pre-Operatorio, el 54% al segundo trimestre, 70% y 75% a los doce meses y 18 meses respectivamente, aproximándose a sus pesos ideales a los dos años. Los parámetros nutricionales fueron normales, salvo en dos pacientes que desarrollaron anemia..
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Cholecystectomy , Obesity, Morbid/therapy , Gastrectomy , Gastric Bypass , StomachABSTRACT
La esofagectomía Transhiatal sin toracotomía con ascenso gástrico y esofagogastrostomía cervical, es una alternativa en el tratamiento de lesiones esofágicas que reduce las complicaciones por obviar la apertura del tórax y eliminar las consecuencias, en ocasiones fatales, de la fuga de una anastomosis intratorácica. Se presentan 6 casos a quienes se les practicó este procedimiento, 3 con CA epidemoide de tercio medio de esófago, 1 con adenocarcinoma de cardias y 2 con estenosis por esofagitis cáustica. Se produjo una muerte post-operatoria en un paciente con Ca epidemoide de esófago en quien se obtuvo una reducción tumoral previa de un 80% con quimio y radioterapia pre-operatoria. Al paciente con ADC de cardias se le practicó ademas, Gastrectomía Proximal y Esplenectomía. En él, la Esofagectomía transhiatal se hizo con el único objeto de realizar una anastomosis cervical en lugar de una toráccica. Este paciente junto con el otro caso de Ca epidermoide de tercio medio de esófago recibieron quimioterapia post-operatoria y han sobrevivido hasta el presente 12 y 18 meses respectivamente. El caso restante con Ca epidermoide recibió también quimio y radioterapia, teniendo actualmente un mes de intervenido, sin complicaciones. La totalidad traga satisfactoriamente sin requerir dilataciones instrumentales. Por los resultados obtenidos y por posibilidad de realizar esta operación para las indicaciones aquí utilizadas, creemos que esta es una alternativa de tratamiento quirúrgico para las enfermedades malignas y algunas benignas del eófago
