[Electrical resistance of bacterial culture suspension as indicator of epidemic and sporadic variants of Shigella].

For the first time method of measurement of electric resistance of bacterial suspension was used for differentiation of "epidemic" and "sporadic" (further used without quotes) variants of Shigella species. Study of 40 strains of S. flexneri and S. sonnei revealed significant differences in electric resistance of cultures isolated during epidemic outbreaks after the growth during 1 or 6 hours - 18.1+/-8.3 kOhm and 84.6+/-7.8 kOhm respectively (increase in 4.9-fold; p<0.01), while non significant differences were observed in cultures isolated from sporadic cases after the growth during 1 or 6 hours - 21.1+/-9.3 and 57.1+/-11.3 kOhm respectively (increase in 2.5-fold; p>0.05). Express-method for differentiation of epidemic and sporadic variants of Shigella can be useful for timely detection of outbreaks beginning (preoutbreak).

[Mathematical modeling and prognosis of incidence of enteric anthroponoses with aqueous route of transmission].

Using data on long-term dynamics of epidemic process of acute enteric infections enteric with aqueous route of transmission (typhoid fever, shigellosis caused by Shigella flexneri, hepatitis A, rotavirus gastroenteritis, etc.)the equation of regression was developed with the help of Chebyshev's polynoms. Predicted incidences of these infections for 2005 were on 61.2-99.5% in agree with the real ones on two territories of north region of West Siberia. Predicted incidence for 2006 is reflecting tendencies of epidemic process of mentioned infections.

[Etiology of purulent infections in the Tiumen' region based on hospital data]. / Etiologiia gnoinykh infektsii v Tiumenskoi oblasti po dannym bol'nichnogo statsionara.

A study of laboratory findings for 474 examined patients, who were discharged from the Surgical Department of the Tyumen Regional Clinical Hospital, showed that S. aureus caused the infectious processes in 31.7% of the examinees. Oxacyllinresistant strain S aureus made up 9.7%.e examinees, and 22.6% of pathologies were caused in them by E. coli. E. coli was frequently found to be combined with polyresistant strains E. faecalis, E. faecium, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, which could be explained by the circulation of hospital strains within a hospital and by the selection of microorganisms with a high resistance level to antibacterial drugs.

[Infection and invasion of humans in the Yamal Peninsula]. / Infektsii i invazii cheloveka na poluostrove Iamal.

The helminthic fauna of vertebrates in the Yamal peninsula consists of 61 species: of them 2 species are monogenic, 6 are trematodes, 29 are cestodes, and 24 are nematodes. Twelve species of the 4 are antroponoses and 8 are zoonoses which may parasite on human beings. Human infection with some zoonoses is due to local habits of eating raw or undercooked meat of wild animals, domestic deers, and fish. These helminthic diseases include trichinosis, taeniasis, opisthorchiasis, diphyllobothriasis. On contacting with dogs and Arctic foxes, the population is infected with echinococciasis, alveococciasis, toxoplasmosis. The foci of brucellosis, anthrax, tularemia, leptospirosis, rickettsioses, rabies, and toxoplasmosis were notified in the Yamal peninsula. Intensive migration of the population contributes to the importation of new species of causative agents to the peninsula and to the deterioration of the situation of endemic invasions and infections. Thus, in-depth study of parasitic and natural focus-related diseases in this region becomes partially urgent now.

[Etiology of purulent septic diseases and the antibiotic resistance of the isolated causative agents]. / Etiologiia gnoino-septicheskykh zabolevanii i antibiotikorezistentnost' vydeliaemykh vozbuditelei.

Among the causative agents of purulent septic diseases in the surgical hospital, 25 microbial species were isolated; of these, the prevailing species were Staphylococcus aureus (19.86 +/- 1.07%), Escherichia coli (16.5 +/- 0.99%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.06 +/- 0.8%). From environmental objects in the hospital 14 microbial species were isolated, among them bacteria of the genus Enterobacter (27 +/- 1.7%), E. coli (19.07 +/- 1.48%), S. aureus (14.7 +/- 1.31%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.73 +/- 1.31%), P. aeruginosa (7.33 +/- 0.98%). During 3 years of observation the isolation rate of K. pneumoniae from different environmental objects was found to increase threefold to 24.7 +/- 2.7%. The results of the study of the microbial picture in surgical hospitals, as well as the antibiotic resistance of circulating causative agents, should be borne in mind while taking epidemic control measures.

[The results of an experimental study of an anti-Opisthorchis preparation made from plant raw material]. / Rezul'taty éksperimental'nogo izucheniia protivoopistorkhoznogo preparata iz rastitel'nogo syr'ia.

Agents and biologically active fractions derived from medical plants grown in Siberia were tested in vitro and in vivo. The extract from the aspen bark displayed the highest antiopisthorchiatic activity. This agent given at a concentration of 10(-3) caused 100% death of Opisthorchis 72 hours later. In golden hamster experiments, the efficiency of the aspen bark extract was 73.48-83.0%. Butanolic and ethylacetatic extracts were found to have the greatest antiopisthorchiatic activity. The results of chemical and chromatographic studies indicated that active fractions contained salicine and its derivatives. The aspen bark extract produces no substantial toxic effect on laboratory animals and belongs to the class "Low-toxic substances".

[Pseudomonads as a marker of the sanitary-epidemiological state of maternity institutions]. / Psevdomonady kak marker sanitarno-épidemiologicheskogo sostoianiia uchrezhdenii rodovspomozheniia.

In the process of the epidemiological supervision of 4 maternity hospitals in Tyumen 453 Pseudomonas strains, classified with 9 species, were isolated and studied. The overwhelming majority of the strains isolated from nursing articles and medical equipment were classified with P. aeruginosa (86.75 +/- 1.68%) and P. putida (7.11 +/- 1.27%). In the structure of Pseudomonas isolated from humans these species constituted 51.11 +/- 7.45% and 26.67 +/- 6.69% respectively. High occurrence of Pseudomonas contamination of nursing articles and medical equipment in postnatal wards (11.48 +/- 0.82%) and in infants wards (6.92 +/- 0.58%) was established. Sinks of wash-stands (3.76 +/- 1.3-28.5 +/- 2.15%), compressors for the reanimation of infants (11.1 +/- 10.47%), faucets (1.69 +/- 0.7-5.29 +/- 0.92%), etc. were found to be the most contaminated objects which could be the factor of Pseudomonas transmission. The inclusion of bacteriological control into the system of epidemiological supervision in maternity hospitals facilitates the timely detection of unfavorable epidemiological situation and makes it possible to take the necessary measures with a view to decrease the functioning of mechanisms of Pseudomonas transmission well in advance.

[Opisthorchiasis among the population in the areas along the route of the Urengoi-Surgut-Kurgan gas pipeline]. / Opistorkhoz u naseleniia v raionakh prokhozhdeniia trassy gazoprovoda Urengoi--Surgut--Kurgan.

The authors assess opisthorchiasis situation at settlements near compressor stations along 2000 km gas line crossing Western Siberia from North to South. The mean opisthorchiasis incidence was found to be 17.4 +/- 0.7% (from 1.6% in the Extreme North to 38% in hyperendemic regions). Judging from children invasion rate (4.4%), the risk of opisthorchiasis invasion is high in this territory. Opisthorchiasis incidence in the newcomers who lived for more than a decade in this region was up to 38.4% (52.6 in hyperendemic zone). Consumption of improperly prepared salted fish was the most important risk factor. Serologic diagnosis making use of modified enzyme immunoassay test systems is advisable for epidemiologic survey and detection of population invasion rate.

[Preservation of the viability of Opisthorchis eggs by joint cultivation with Pseudomonas putida]. / Sokhranenie zhiznesposobnosti iaits opistorkhisov pri sovmestnom kul'tivirovanii s Pseudomonas putida.

The effect of Pseudomonas putida on Opisthorchis' ova was studied with a view to assess the feasibility of using bacteria as biological agents against opisthorchiasis. Experiments on mixed culture of the above-mentioned bacteria and helminths' ova demonstrated the lack of ovicidal effect of Pseudomonas putida on the ova.

[Prognosis of typhoid morbidity in a region of northern new construction projects]. / Prognozirovanie zabolevaemosti briushnym tifom v regione severnykh novostroek.

The mathematical model describing the dependence of typhoid fever morbidity on water supply and the migration of the population has been constructed. The checking of the model has shown the 95% coincidence of the predicted and actual morbidity. The model has been used for the prognostication of morbidity rate in typhoid fever in new economic development regions, thus making it possible to plan in advance the measures necessary for the prevention of negative consequences connected with the realization of economic development projects.

[Experience in dividing Tyumen Province into districts according to typhoid morbidity based on sanitary demographic factors]. / Opyt raionirovaniia Tiumenskoi oblasti po zabolevaemosti briushnym tifom na osnove sanitarno-demograficheskikh faktorov.

For the first time the territory of Tyumen Province has been zoned according to situation in typhoid fever morbidity by means of a complex of methods for computerized statistical data processing in combination with extensive epidemiological analysis. As a result, 43 administrative districts have been grouped in 5 zones having similar epidemiological, sanitary, hygienic, and demographic characteristics. For these zones territorially differentiated measures for decreasing typhoid fever morbidity have been worked out.