Mediated Associations Between Religious Coping, Self-Regulation, and Psychological Distress Vary for Young Muslim Men and Women in Lahore, Pakistan.

The main aim of the study was to assess the direct, mediated, and conditional mediated associations among religious coping, self-regulation, and psychological distress in young Muslim adults while analyzing gender as a moderator of these mediated associations. Based on a sample of 247 young adults from Lahore, Pakistan (M age = 21.31, SD = 2.40; 51% women, 49% men), it was found that self-regulation mediated the negative associations of positive religious coping with stress and anxiety and the positive association of negative religious coping with stress. Further, it was found that mediated associations were stronger and significant in young men compared to women. The implications of the findings concerning gender differences in association between religious coping, self-regulation, and psychological distress are discussed.

Effect of dentin biomodification techniques on the stability of the bonded interface.

AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different bonding techniques ethanol wet bonding and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) wet bonding and a novel collagen cross-linker Quercetin application on the durability of resin-dentin bond and observe the bonded interface under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: For shear bond strength testing, flat coronal dentin surfaces were prepared on 110 extracted human molars. Teeth were randomly divided into five experimental groups according to different surface pretreatments techniques. Group A was control group without any surface pretreatment. In Group B, ethanol wet bonding pretreatment was done before the application of adhesive. In Group C, DMSO wet bonding was done before the application of adhesive and in Groups D and E, Quercetin along with ethanol and Quercetin along with DMSO pretreatment, respectively, were done before adhesive application. Composite restorations were placed in all the samples. Twenty samples from each group were subjected to immediate and delayed (9 months) shear bond strength evaluation. In addition, two samples per group were subjected to the scanning electron microscopic analysis for the observation of resin-dentin interface. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data collected were subjected to the statistical analysis using the one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's test at a significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS: Dentin pretreatment with all the techniques resulted in significantly higher resin-dentin bond strength after 9 months storage with DMSO group showing the highest bond strength values. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that these biomodification techniques can improve the durability of the resin-dentin bond.

Unilateral Subcondylar and Condylar Neck Fractures: Randomized Clinical Study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to compare closed treatment with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for subcondylar and condylar neck fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized prospective study was conducted on thirty patients who visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College, Srinagar, with condylar fractures. All fractures were displaced; either angulated between 10° and 45° and the ascending ramus was shortened by >2 mm to <15 mm. Patients were divided into two groups after satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria - Group I (closed treatment) and Group II (open reduction) (15 implants in each group). In Group I, patients were treated by mandibulo-maxillary fixation using arch bar and elastics for 4 weeks, and in Group II, patients were treated by ORIF using two 1.5-mm miniplates. Follow-up was done at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Our postoperative evaluation included five parameters - maximal interincisal opening, protrusion, lateral excursion on fractured and nonfractured sides, anatomical reduction, and pain and malocclusion. Nonparametric data were compared for statistical significance with Chi square test and parametric data with an independent sample's t-test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Correct anatomical position of the fragments was achieved significantly more accurately in the operative group in contrast to the closed treatment group. Regarding mouth opening/lateral excursion on fractured and nonfractured sides/protrusion, significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed between both groups (open 39.73/7.50/8.17/7.87 mm vs. closed 36.87/6.07/7.23/7.13 mm). Pain also revealed significant (P = 0.025) difference with less pain in the operative treatment group. CONCLUSION: Both treatment options for condylar fractures of the mandible yielded acceptable results. However, operative treatment was superior in all objective and subjective functional parameters except occlusion.