ABSTRACT
The combination of polydioxanone (PDO) threads with other technologies has garnered significant interest for rejuvenation purposes. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has the potential to improve patient comfort and recovery after minimally invasive rejuvenation protocols and also contribute to the overall efficacy of these procedures, fostering an integrative approach to cutaneous rejuvenation. The objective os this work was to investigate concurrent application of PDO threads and red LED PBM on glabellar static wrinkles, in a parallel randomized sham-controlled trial. Forty individuals with Glogau aging classification levels 3 and 4, static glabellar wrinkles, and no significant comorbidities received PDO threads applied along glabellar line. Effective PBM group received 1.35 J and 630 nm red LED light punctually along threads, twice weekly for nine sessions over 30 days. The outcome measures were swelling assessment, dermal thickness and PDO thread degradation via linear ultrasound. No swelling was detected 24 h post-PDO thread application, hindering PBM effect assessment. PDO threads induced dermal thickening; no added effect with PBM. No significant difference in thread hydrolysis between groups, though some ultrasound records inconclusive on thread presence. The absence of swelling may stem from various factors, including the timing of post-procedure swelling assessment, operator proficiency in thread application, and procedural characteristics. No evidence supports the notion that PBM augments dermal thickening, however other light parameters should be studied. Insufficient data to demonstrate PBM's effectiveness in controlling post-procedure swelling. Combination of PBM with PDO thread application doesn't enhance dermal thickening, nor accelerate thread degradation at the parameters used here.
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Noninvasive strategies for evaluating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been investigated over the last few decades. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a new hepatic ultrasound score for NAFLD in the ELSA-Brasil study. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Diagnostic accuracy study conducted in the ELSA center, in the hospital of a public university. METHODS: Among the 15,105 participants of the ELSA study who were evaluated for NAFLD, 195 individuals were included in this sub-study. Hepatic ultrasound was performed (deep beam attenuation, hepatorenal index and anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe) and compared with the hepatic steatosis findings from 64-channel high-resolution computed tomography (CT). We also evaluated two clinical indices relating to NAFLD: the fatty liver index (FLI) and the hepatic steatosis index (HSI). RESULTS: Among the 195 participants, the NAFLD frequency was 34.4%. High body mass index, high waist circumference, diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia were associated with high hepatic attenuation and large anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe, but not with the hepatorenal index. The hepatic ultrasound score, based on hepatic attenuation and the anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe, presented the best performance for NAFLD screening at the cutoff point ≥ 1 point; sensitivity: 85.1%; specificity: 73.4%; accuracy: 79.3%; and area under the curve (AUC 0.85; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.78-0.91)]. FLI and HSI presented lower performance (AUC 0.76; 95% CI: 0.69-0.83) than CT. CONCLUSION: The hepatic ultrasound score based on hepatic attenuation and the anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe has good reproducibility and accuracy for NAFLD screening.
Subject(s)
Fatty Liver/diagnostic imaging , Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Cholesterol/blood , Diabetes Complications , Fatty Liver/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Hypertriglyceridemia/complications , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Severity of Illness Index , Ultrasonography , Waist Circumference/physiologyABSTRACT
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Noninvasive strategies for evaluating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been investigated over the last few decades. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a new hepatic ultrasound score for NAFLD in the ELSA-Brasil study. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Diagnostic accuracy study conducted in the ELSA center, in the hospital of a public university. METHODS: Among the 15,105 participants of the ELSA study who were evaluated for NAFLD, 195 individuals were included in this sub-study. Hepatic ultrasound was performed (deep beam attenuation, hepatorenal index and anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe) and compared with the hepatic steatosis findings from 64-channel high-resolution computed tomography (CT). We also evaluated two clinical indices relating to NAFLD: the fatty liver index (FLI) and the hepatic steatosis index (HSI). RESULTS: Among the 195 participants, the NAFLD frequency was 34.4%. High body mass index, high waist circumference, diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia were associated with high hepatic attenuation and large anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe, but not with the hepatorenal index. The hepatic ultrasound score, based on hepatic attenuation and the anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe, presented the best performance for NAFLD screening at the cutoff point ≥ 1 point; sensitivity: 85.1%; specificity: 73.4%; accuracy: 79.3%; and area under the curve (AUC 0.85; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.78-0.91)]. FLI and HSI presented lower performance (AUC 0.76; 95% CI: 0.69-0.83) than CT. CONCLUSION: The hepatic ultrasound score based on hepatic attenuation and the anteroposterior diameter of the right hepatic lobe has good reproducibility and accuracy for NAFLD screening. .
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Estratégias não invasivas para avaliar doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) têm sido investigadas nas últimas décadas. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar a acurácia diagnóstica de um novo escore de ultrassonografia hepática para DHGNA no estudo ELSA-Brasil. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de acurácia diagnóstica realizado no centro ELSA, no hospital de uma universidade pública. MÉTODOS: Dos 15.105 participantes do estudo ELSA avaliados para DHGNA, 195 indivíduos foram incluídos neste estudo. Foi realizada ultrassonografia hepática (atenuação do feixe de profundidade, índice hepatorrenal e diâmetro anteroposterior do lobo direito do fígado) que foi comparada aos achados de esteatose hepática da tomografia computadorizada (TC) de alta resolução de 64 canais. Avaliamos também dois índices clínicos relacionados à DHGNA: o índice de gordura hepática (FLI) e o índice de esteatose hepática (HSI). RESULTADOS: Entre os 195 participantes, a frequência de DHGNA foi de 34,4%. Altos índices de massa corpórea, circunferência de cintura, diabetes e hipertrigliceridemia foram associados a aumento da atenuação hepática e do diâmetro anteroposterior do lobo hepático direito, mas não ao índice hepato-renal. A pontuação da ultrassonografia hepática, que incluiu atenuação hepática e diâmetro anteroposterior do lobo direito do fígado, apresentou o melhor desempenho para o rastreio DHGNA sob o ponto de corte ≥ 1 ponto (sensibilidade: 85.1%; especificidade: 73.4%; acurácia: 79.3%), e área sob a curva (AUC, 0,85, IC 95%: 0,78-0,91). FLI e HSI apresentaram menor desempenho (AUC 0,76; IC 95%: 0,69-0,83) comparados à TC. CONCLUSÃO: O escore de ultrassonografia hepática, que incluiu atenuação hepática e o diâmetro anteroposterior do lobo direito do fígado, possui boa reprodutibilidade e acurácia para o rastreio de DHGNA. .
