ABSTRACT
Different Schirmer test I techniques presented in the literature have been reviewed and a comparative study of Schirmer test I results obtained with the eyes opened and closed has been conducted. The total tear production with the eyes opened vs. closed averaged 17.1+/-1.1 mm and 12-1.2 correspondingly (p=0.001; Mann-Whitney U test). In 22% of patients values were higher with the eyes closed rather than opened. The authors recommend to specify the conditions of the performed test when entering the results into the patient's chart.
Subject(s)
Lacrimal Apparatus/metabolism , Tears/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
Incidence and structure of eye diseases was studied in workers of Novokouznetsk Steelworks who have occupational hazards. High incidence of inflammatory and dystrophic diseases of eyelids and conjunctiva as well as cataract was revealed in steelworkers. The incidence of eye diseases was showed to rise with the increase of work period in hazardous environment.
Subject(s)
Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Metallurgy , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Adult , Humans , Incidence , Male , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The ophthalmologic investigation of workers of the two metallurgical enterprises has shown that 1045 persons (55%) from 1911 observed workers suffer chronic diseases of a forward piece of eyes. Chronic inflammatory diseases (blepharitis, conjunctivitis and blepharoconjunctivitis) are found at 28,9% of them, and dystrophic diseases (pinguecula/pterygium)--at 25,8%. Among metallurgists (1801 persons) ophthalmopathy was found in 2, 2 times more often than at persons in control group (110 observed engineers and managers). Two polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and P-450 2E1 (CYP2E1) genes were defined in 91 workers, by the method of allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. It is revealed that CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism associates with pinguecula/pterygium, raising risk of their development almost in 3 times, unlike CYP 2E1 -1293G/C polymorphism. Development of chronic inflammatory diseases is not connected with tested polymorphisms.
