[Narrow photon-beam radiation therapy unit]. / Ustanovka dlia stereotaksicheskoi luchevoi terapii uzkimi puchkami fotonov (pervyi opyt ispol'zovaniia).

The Central Research Institute of Roentgenology and Radiology and the Research and Production Complex, Radiation Training Center, D. V. Efremov Research Institute of Experimental Physics have been the first in Russia to design a narrow photon-beam unit for stereotactic radiation therapy of intracranial small formation. Fifty one patients were treated. Thirty six presented arteriovenous malformations, 4 had hypophyseal adenomas. The hypophysis was exposed to radiation in 11 patients with prostatic cancer. The unit has been found to have great operational and clinical capacities.

[Proton stereotaxic therapy of epilepsy due to cerebral arteriovenous aneurysms]. / Protonnaia stereotaksicheskaia terapiia épilepsii pri arteriovenoznykh anevrizmakh golovnogo mozga.

The authors estimated the influence of proton-beam stereotaxic therapy on a course of epileptic fits in cerebral arteriovenous aneurysms (AVA). A stable disappearance of epileptic fits was noted in 16 of 29 patients (56%), in 12 of them (41%) positive angiography results were noted. The calculated D and V fields of irradiation for 16 patients without fits and for 13 patients with epileptic fits after proton-beam stereotaxic therapy have shown that with D being the same, the effect depends upon a fraction of an AVA irradiated area.

[Proton stereotaxic therapy of arteriovenous aneurysms of the brain]. / Protonnaia stereotaksicheskaia terapiia arteriovenoznykh anevrizm golovnogo mozga.

The paper is concerned with analysis of angiographic findings on 62 patients with arteriovenous aneurysms (AVA) of the cerebral vessels who received proton beam stereotactic therapy in the period of 1978-1986 depending on an absorbed dose value of an irradiated volume. Proton stereotactic therapy (PST) of brain AVA located deep in the functionally important regions, can be used as an independent radical therapeutic method in such cases including inoperable ones. Complete AVA elimination from the blood flow or considerable reduction of the AVA volume was achieved in 68% of the patients after delivering a dose of approximately 40 Gy, the AVA volume being approximately 30%. Significant (p less than 0.05) correlation of PST results, a dose of irradiation and a value of the AVA irradiated volume was established in the groups with positive results and in the nonresponding groups.

[Proton therapy: clinico-methodological aspects, treatment results]. / Protonnaia terapiia: kliniko-metodicheskie aspekty, rezul'taty lecheniia.

In the period of 1975-1986, 457 patients (81 with breast and prostatic cancer, 24 with endocrine ophthalmopathy, 20 with diabetic angioretinopathy, 206 with pituitary adenomas, 115 with arteriovenous and 6 with arterial brain malformations, and 6 with epilepsy) were given proton beam therapy at the Central Research Roentgenoradiology Institute using the 1000 MeV synchrocyclotron of the Leningrad Institute for Nuclear Physics. A prolonged remission was noted in 75-90% of the patients with pituitary adenomas. Angiography showed complete exclusion of aneurysm from the blood flow 2 yrs. after irradiation almost in 50% of the patients with arteriovenous malformations. A high efficacy and safety of the method was shown.

[Proton stereotaxic therapy of cerebral arteriovenous aneurysms]. / Protonnaia stereotaksicheskaia terapiia arteriovenoznykh anevrizm golovnogo mozga.

Stereotaxic proton beam therapy using narrow beams (5-10 mm at 50% of isodose) at the energy of 100 MeV in single irradiation and the delivery of absorbed doses, the maximum dosage being 40-80 Gy, was provided to 99 patients with arteriovenous brain aneurysms. An analysis of the therapeutic results based on angiography data was performed in 50 patients with arteriovenous malformations with the volume up to 10 cm3. A positive effect was obtained in 31 of 50 patients.

[Serum anti-protease activity in the evaluation of results of proton hypophysectomy]. / Antiproteaznaia aktivnost' syvorotki krovi pri otsenke rezul'tatov protonnoi "gipofizéktomii".

The activity of the alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin were studied in 16 breast cancer patients and 25 hypophyseal adenoma patients prior to and at varying time after proton "hypophysectomy". A high alpha 1-antitrypsin level and a normal alpha 2-macroglobulin level were found in all the breast cancer patients. An increase in both blood serum inhibitors was detected in hypophyseal adenoma. The dependence of the alpha 1-antitrypsin content on a subclinical stage of generalized metastatic spread was revealed in the course of 2 years following "hypophysectomy" in the patients with disseminated breast cancer. In the hypophyseal adenoma patients the activity of both inhibitors returned to normal 1 year after treatment and remained within normal during 3 years of follow-up. It was regarded as a positive therapeutic effect. The above findings make it possible to propose the determination of the activity af alpha 1-antitrypsin in breast cancer and alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin in hypophyseal adenoma as an additional test for the evaluation of the results of proton "hypophysectomy".

[Antiprotease activity of the blood serum of patients with the disseminated form of breast cancer before and after combined treatment]. / Antiproteaznaia aktivnost' syvorotki krovi bol'nykh rasprostranennoi formoi raka molochnoi zhelezy do i posle kompleksnogo lecheniia.

The paper discusses the results of a study on the blood-serum levels of alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin in 29 patients with an extensive breast cancer before and within 3 years after a combination therapy including proton "hypophysectomy". A correlation was established between the blood level of alpha 1--antitrypsin and the subclinical stage of generalized metastatic spreading. Consequently, the assay of the level of this inhibitor is suggested as another test for assessment of the efficacy of treatment of such patients and prediction of the results.

[Neurologic and electroencephalographic evaluations after a single irradiation of pituitary adenomas with protons having 1000 MeV of energy]. / Nevrologicheskie i élektroéntsefalograficheskie otsenki pri odnokratnom obluchenii adenom gipofiza protonami s énergiei 1000 MeV.

The brain was examined (on the basis of neurological and electroencephalographic findings) in 43 patients with hypophysis adenomas both before and at various intervals after a single exposure of the tumour to protons with an energy of 1,000 MeV. The irradiation was performed by the stereotaxic convergent method. The radiation dose absorbed by the tumour was 100 Gy. The local character of the proton action, absence of irreversible changes in the brain, temporary, transient changes on the part of the oculomotor nerves (25.5%) and temporal lobes (9.3%) are demonstrated. The objective remission of the disease was attained in 97.7% of the cases.

[X-ray diffraction study of muscles in disease]. / Rentgendifraktsionnoe izuchenie myshts pri nekotorykh zabolevaniiakh

Structural parameters of muscles in some diseases have been studied using X-ray diffraction methods. Fixed parts of muscles dissected in the operation correcting the vertebrate shape were used as samples in the case of patients III-IV stage of scoliosis muscles. The sarcomere protofibrillar lattice in muscles was found to be retained until the destruction of the muscle tissue; no differences between the muscles from the convex and concave sides of the vertebrate were observed. This seems to be an evidence of functional inertia of the diseased muscles and of their atrophy. Fixed parts of myocardial muscles taken during surgical correction were used as samples in investigating the Tetralogy of Fallot heart disease in children. A disturbance of packing parameters of the protofibrillar apparatus was observed in a significant part of the apparatus volume. In the case of critical experimental heart deficiency in dogs the protofibrillar lattice structure was retained, probably due to its resistance nature.