Preparing Veterans Health Administration Psychologists to Meet the Complex Needs of Aging Veterans.

Background: There are significant workforce shortages for geriatric mental health care. The imbalance is particularly pronounced in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) due to the large number of aging veterans receiving care. Workforce-based educational programs are needed to train existing clinicians to meet the mental health needs of aging veterans. Observations: This article describes an expansion of the Geriatric Scholars Program to train VHA psychologists to care for aging veterans. The multicomponent program includes an introductory course and opportunities to apply geriatric knowledge and skills through quality improvement initiatives. The Geriatric Scholars Program-Psychology Track evolved to incorporate ongoing specialized elective learning opportunities for scholars. A webinar series extends the educational programs to reach the entire VHA workforce. Conclusions: The Geriatric Scholars Program-Psychology Track represents a longitudinal educational approach to training VHA psychologists in clinical geropsychology. Other community-based organizations can use this model to construct and implement similar programs.

Caracterización de la flora bacteriana en los pacientes con colelitiasis y colecistitis atendidos en un centro hospitalario de alta complejidad / Characterization of the bacterial flora in patients with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis treated in a high complexity hospital

Introducción. Las infecciones del árbol biliar surgen principalmente por estasis asociada a colecistitis aguda, coledocolitiasis y colecistitis alitiásica, siendo pilar del tratamiento un drenaje apropiado y un régimen antibiótico eficaz. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar la flora bacteriana de los cultivos de bilis. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal y retrospectivo de pacientes llevados a colecistectomía, colangiopancreatografía retrograda endoscópica y colecistostomía en nuestra institución, a quienes se les tomó cultivo de líquido biliar entre 2017 - 2021. Resultados. Se incluyeron 119 pacientes intervenidos, de los cuales 55,4 % fueron mujeres y el promedio de edad fue de 63,1 (± 16). La clasificación Tokio 2 fue la más frecuente (55,4 %). El germen aislado con mayor frecuencia fue E. coli (51,2 %). El antibiótico más usado fue ampicilina más sulbactam (44,6 %) seguido de piperacilina tazobactam (40,3 %). Conclusión. La Escherichia coli es el germen aislado con mayor frecuencia en infecciones del árbol biliar. No hay claridad con respecto al uso de antimicrobianos de manera profiláctica en esta patología, por esto es conveniente generar protocolos para la toma de muestras y cultivos de bilis en esta población, con el fin de establecer la necesidad del uso de antibióticos y conocer los perfiles de resistencia bacteriana.

Introduction. Infections of the biliary tree arise mainly from stasis associated with acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, and acalculous cholecystitis, with appropriate drainage and an effective antibiotic regimen being the mainstay of treatment. This research is proposed with the aim aim to characterize the bacterial flora of bile cultures.Methods. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of patients who underwent cholecystectomy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and cholecystostomy in our institution, whom bile fluid culture was taken between 2017 and 2021, was performed. Results. 119 operated patients were included, of which 55.4% were women, the average age was 63.1 (± 16). The TOKIO 2 classification was the most frequent with 55.4% of the patients. The most frequently isolated germ was E. coli with 51.2%. The most used antibiotic was ampicillin plus sulbactam with 44.6% prescription followed by piperacillin tazobactam with a prescription frequency of 40.3%.Conclusion. Escherichia coli is the most frequently isolated germ in infections of the biliary tree. There is no clarity regarding the use of antimicrobials prophylactically in this pathology. For this reason it is convenient to generate protocols for taking samples and bile cultures in this population, in order to establish the need for the use of antibiotics and to know the profiles of bacterial resistance.

Acute Cholecystitis in a Patient With Situs Inversus Totalis: An Unexpected Finding.

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) has an incidence in the general population of 1/10,000, with a female-male ratio of 1:1.5 without racial predilection. Clinically, SIT by itself tends to be asymptomatic; however, when it is associated with other conditions such as cholecystitis or appendicitis, the diagnosis may represent a challenge due to the reversed anatomical location of symptoms. This article presents a case of a 46-year-old female who arrived at the emergency department due to one week of non-bilious vomiting and colicky abdominal pain located in the left hypochondrium; therefore, abdominal ultrasonography was performed, showing transposition of abdominal organs associated with cholelithiasis plus acute cholecystitis. As a result, the patient was scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, resulting in an appropriate post-surgical evolution, for which discharge was given with a general surgery control appointment. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with SIT represents a challenge due to the technical complexity derived from the transposition of the abdominal organs; therefore, the surgeon is forced to perform the procedure by placing three trocars with a specular approach plus the umbilical trocar.

The colorectal cancer-associated faecal microbiome of developing countries resembles that of developed countries.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in developing countries, yet limited research on the CRC- associated microbiota has been conducted in these areas, in part due to scarce resources, facilities, and the difficulty of fresh or frozen stool storage/transport. Here, we aimed (1) to establish a broad representation of diverse developing countries (Argentina, Chile, India, and Vietnam); (2) to validate a 'resource-light' sample-collection protocol translatable in these settings using guaiac faecal occult blood test (gFOBT) cards stored and, importantly, shipped internationally at room temperature; (3) to perform initial profiling of the collective CRC-associated microbiome of these developing countries; and (4) to compare this quantitatively with established CRC biomarkers from developed countries. METHODS: We assessed the effect of international storage and transport at room temperature by replicating gFOBT from five UK volunteers, storing two in the UK, and sending replicates to institutes in the four countries. Next, to determine the effect of prolonged UK storage, DNA extraction replicates for a subset of samples were performed up to 252 days apart. To profile the CRC-associated microbiome of developing countries, gFOBT were collected from 41 treatment-naïve CRC patients and 40 non-CRC controls from across the four institutes, and V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed. Finally, we constructed a random forest (RF) model that was trained and tested against existing datasets from developed countries. RESULTS: The microbiome was stably assayed when samples were stored/transported at room temperature and after prolonged UK storage. Large-scale microbiome structure was separated by country and continent, with a smaller effect from CRC. Importantly, the RF model performed similarly to models trained using external datasets and identified similar taxa of importance (Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium, Alistipes, and Escherichia). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that gFOBT, stored and transported at room temperature, represents a suitable method of faecal sample collection for amplicon-based microbiome biomarkers in developing countries and suggests a CRC-faecal microbiome association that is consistent between developed and developing countries.

Developing a program to increase geropsychology competencies of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) psychologists.

There is an alarming supply and demand gap for geropsychology expertise within the United States. Health policy experts called for increasing geriatric mental health competencies for all mental health providers, including within Veterans Health Administration (VHA), to address this problematic gap. The VHA Geriatrics Scholar Program (GSP) Psychology Track was developed because there were no commercially available trainings in geropsychology for licensed psychologists. Developing the GSP Psychology Track was based on an evidence-based educational model for the VHA primary care workforce; and included a stepwise curriculum design, pilot implementation, and program evaluation. The educational program was pilot tested with eight VHA psychologists. Evaluation results demonstrated feasibility of implementing an innovative integrated multimodal educational program in geropsychology. Furthermore, this program was associated with reports of increased confidence in geropsychology competencies and self-reported implementation of geropsychology knowledge, indicating the potential for this educational model to improve mental health care for older Veterans.

Variabilidad en la determinación del estado de HER2 por inmunohistoquímica en Chile / The Chilean experience of variability in the assessment of HER2 status using immunohistochemistry

Introducción: La determinación del estado del gen HER2 en el cáncer de mama es un marcador pronóstico, predictivo y de decisión terapéutica que requiere ser realizado con una técnica exacta. Objetivo: Evaluar la variabilidad de la determinación del estado del HER2 por técnica inmunohistoquímica (IHQ) en laboratorios chilenos. Pacientes y métodos: Se analizaron 221 biopsias con cáncer de mama invasivo provenientes de 41 laboratorios nacionales para determinar el estado del HER2 por hibridación in situ fluorescente (FISH). Un total de 201 biopsias permitieron análisis. El estado del HER2 se determinó por IHQ y FISH en forma estandarizada de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de la American Society of Clinical Oncology y el College of American Pathologists. Estos resultados fueron comparados con los informes de IHQ provenientes de los diferentes laboratorios. Resultados: La variabilidad de la evaluación del estado de HER2 en laboratorios nacionales es similar a lo descrito en la literatura internacional: llega al 19,7% cuando se compara con una técnica IHQ estandarizada y alcanza el 26,9% cuando se compara con FISH. La tasa de falsos positivos en IHQ es del 15,7 y del 25,6% comparados con FISH. Conclusiones: Este estudio confirma la necesidad de que los laboratorios chilenos que realicen la determinación del estado del HER2 cuenten con una técnica IHQ validada con estrictos controles de calidad interno y externo, y que empleen procedimientos técnicos y de interpretación estandarizados según recomendaciones internacionales para una correcta decisión terapéutica(AU)

Background: HER2 gene status in breast cancer is an important prognostic marker and therefore must be assessed using an accurate technique. Objective: To assess the variability in the evaluation of HER2 status using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in Chilean laboratories. Patients and methods: We analyzed 221 biopsies of invasive breast cancer from 41 laboratories nationwide, assessing HER2 status by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH). Analysis was possible in 201of the biopsies. The HER2 status was determined by IHC and FISH in a standardized way in accordance with the recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP). The results were compared with IHC reports from different laboratories. Results: The variability of the assessment of HER2 status in the 41 laboratories is similar to that reported in the literature. In comparison with standardized IHC technique, variability was 19.7% but reached 25.9% when compared to FISH. The rate of false positives in IHC is 15.7% and 25.6% when compared to FISH. Conclusions: This study confirms that, in order to make the correct therapeutic decision, the IHC technique used in the assessment of HER2 status should undergo stringent internal and external quality controls. Technical and interpretative procedures should be standardized according to international recommendations(AU)

Electrocardiogram interference: a thing of the past?

This paper focuses on the problem of high and/or imbalanced electrode-skin impedances changing electrocardiogram (ECG) morphology. After reproducing ECG interference in a controlled laboratory setting-similar to what was observed during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery- and then understanding the cause, this knowledge was applied to clinical settings. Most interference was reduced by using electrode impedance meters and consistent skin prep.

[Reduced retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for clinical stage I non seminomatous germ cell testicular cancer]. / Linfadenectomia retroperitoneal reducida en cancer testicular de celulas germinales no seminomatoso estadio clinico I.

OBJECTIVES: The best treatment of clinical stage I non-seminomatous germ cell testicular cancer (NSGCTC) is controversial. Lymphadenectomy allows an adequate retroperitoneal staging and cures up to 70% of patients in pathological stage II. The objective of this study is to analyse our experience in the treatment of this patients with radical orchiectomy and reduced retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RRL) as the initial treatment. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients with clinical stage I NSGCTC submitted to radical orchiectomy and RRL at the Urology Service of the University of Chile Clinical Hospital, from January 1990 to December 2000. INCLUSION CRITERIA: retroperitoneal staging with computed tomography (CT), normal tumor markers after orchiectomy and testicular and retroperitoneal biopsy informed at our hospital. The following metastatic risk factors in the testicular biopsy were checked: vascular invasion (venous and/or lymphatic), infiltration of tunica albuginea, rete testis, epididymis, and spermatic cord. RESULTS: 36 patients with 37 testicular tumors were analysed (1 bilateral case). Average age 28 years old. Twenty nine mixed tumors (78%); most frequent histology embryonal carcinoma (76%). Average surgery time 2 hr 7 min; average dissected lymph nodes 13. Introoperative complications: 2,8%; postoperative complications: a) early 5,6%; b) late: 5,6%. No mortality, no second surgeries nor blood transfusions. Four cases of positive RRL (11%). Only retroperitoneal relapses in 2 cases (8%), one out of the limits of dissection. Chemotherapy in 7 patients (19%) a total of 18 cycles. Four cases of contralateral tumor during follow-up (11%). Hundred percent survival at 76 months (16-160). We described sensibility, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of metastatic risk factors. Only epididymis infiltration was a significant predictor of metastasis (p=0,04). CONCLUSIONS: In our hands RRL is a safe surgery, with 5,6% mayor complications. The low false negative rate of CT in staging (11%) and the high number of retroperitoneal relapses (8%) in our study contrast with those of other publications. Limited by the size of our study group, the epididymis infiltration was the only statistically significant predictor of metastasis. Clinical stage I NSGCTC initially managed with RRL has a 100% survival.

Linfadenectomia retroperitoneal reducida en cáncer testicular de células germinales no seminomatoso estadio clinico I / Reduced retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for clinical stage I non seminomatous germ cell testicular cancer

Objetivo: Existe controversia sobre el tratamiento óptimo de los cánceres testiculares de células germinales no seminomatosos (CTCGNS) estadio clínico I. La linfadenectomía permite una adecuada estadificación retroperitoneal y cura hasta el 70% de los pacientes en estadio II patológica. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de estos pacientes mediante orquiectomía radical y linfadenectomía retroperitoneal reducida (LRR) como tratamiento inicial. Método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con CTCGNS estadio clínico I sometidos a orquiectomía radical y LRR en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile entre Enero de 1990 y Diciembre de 2000. Criterios de inclusión: estadificación retroperitoneal con tomografía computada (TC), marcadores tumorales normales después de la orquiectomía y biopsia testicular y retroperitoneal informada en nuestro hospital. Se revisaron los siguientes factores de riesgo de metástasis: invasión vascular (venosa y/o linfática), infiltración de túnica albugínea, rete testis, epidídimo y cordón espermático. Resultados: Se analizan 36 pacientes con 37 tumores testiculares (1 caso bilateral). Edad promedio 28 años. Veinte y nueve tumores mixtos (78%); histología mas frecuente carcinoma embrionario (76%). Tiempo promedio de la cirugía 2 horas y 7 minuntos ; promedio de ganglios resecados 13. Complicaciones intraoperatorias 2,8%; complicaciones postoperatorias: a) tempranas 5,6%, b) tardías 5,6%. Sin mortalidad, sin reoperaciones ni transfusiones sanguíneas. Cuatro casos de LRR positivas (11%). Sólo recaídas retroperitoneales en 2 casos (8%), una fuera de los límites de disección. Quimioterapia en 7 pacientes (19%), un total de 18 ciclos. Cuatro casos de tumor testicular contralateral durante el seguimiento (11%). Cien por ciento de sobrevida a 76 meses (16-160). Describimos sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo positivo y negativo de los factores de riesgo de metástasis. Sólo la infiltración de epidídimo fue predictor de metástasis (p=0,04). Conclusión: En nuestras manos la LRR es una cirugía segura que presenta complicaciones mayores en el 5,6% de los casos. El bajo porcentaje de falsos negativos de la TC en la estadificación y la alta tasa de recaída retroperitoneal contrasta con los datos de otras publicaciones. La infiltración de epidídimo fue el único predictor de metástasis estadísticamente significativo, lo cual se encuentra limitado por el tamaño del grupo estudiado. Los CTCGNS etapa clínica I tratados inicialmente con LRR tienen un 100% de sobrevida (AU)

Objectives: The best treatment of clinical stage I non-seminomatous germ cell testicular cancer (NSGCTC) is controversial. Lymphadenectomy allows an adequate retroperitoneal staging and cures up to 70% of patients in pathological stage II. The objective of this study is to analyse our experience in the treatment of this patients with radical orchiectomy and reduced retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RRL) as the initial treatment. Methods: Retrospective study of patients with clinical stage I NSGCTC submitted to radical orchiectomy and RRL at the Urology Service of the University of Chile Clinical Hospital, from January 1990 to December 2000. Inclusion criteria: retroperitoneal staging with computed tomography (CT), normal tumor markers after orchiectomy and testicular and retroperitoneal biopsy informed at our hospital. The following metastatic risk factors in the testicular biopsy were checked: vascular invasion (venous and/or lymphatic), infiltration of tunica albuginea, rete testis, epididymis, and spermatic cord. Results: 36 patients with 37 testicular tumors were analysed (1 bilateral case). Average age 28 years old. Twenty nine mixed tumors (78%); most frequent histology embryonal carcinoma (76%). Average surgery time 2hr 7min; average dissected lymph nodes 13. Intraoperative complications: 2,8%; postoperative complications: a) early 5,6%; b) late: 5,6%. No mortality, no second surgeries nor blood transfusions. Four cases of positive RRL (11%). Only retroperitoneal relapses in 2 cases (8%), one out of the limits of dissection. Chemotherapy in 7 patients (19%) a total of 18 cycles. Four cases of contralateral tumor during follow-up (11%). Hundred percent survival at 76 months (16-160). We described sensibility, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of metastatic risk factors. Only epididymis infiltration was a significant predictor of metastasis (p=0,04). Conclusions: In our hands RRL is a safe surgery, with 5,6% mayor complications. The low false negative rate of CT in staging (11%) and the high number of retroperitoneal relapses (8%) in our study contrast with those of other publications. Limited by the size of our study group, the epididymis infiltration was the only statistically significant predictor of metastasis. Clinical stage I NSGCTC initially managed with RRL has a 100% survival (AU)

[Withdrawal of chest tubes without water seal vs. negative continuous suction after closed cardiovascular surgery procedures in children]. / Retiro de la sonda de pleurostomia con succión negativa continua versus instalación de sonda con sello de agua, en cirugía cardiovascular cerrada en niños.

BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to compare the frequency and type of complications, as well as the length of hospital stay, in children who underwent closed cardiovascular surgery with chest tube drainage during the postsurgical period with children in whom the drainage was withdrawn with continuous suction, once thoracotomy was completed. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive and analytic study was performed at the IMSS Hospital de Pediatria, located at the XXI Century National Medical Center in Mexico City. Eighty eight children who underwent closed cardiovascular surgery (Group I) without chest tubes and 42 with chest tubes (Group II) were studied. RESULTS: In Group I the frequency of complications was 27.3% and in group II 59.5%. Complications were as follows: subcutaneous emphysema was seen in 13.6% (n=12) of group I and in 45.2% (n=19) of group II (p=0.0001); pneumothorax in 13.6% (n=12) vs. 28.6% (n=12), p=0.04; and chylothorax in 2.3% (n=2) vs. 2.4% (n=1), p=1.0, respectively. The median time of hospital stay in group I was 3 days and in group II was 6 days (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In children, in some closed cardiovascular surgeries, withdrawal of chest tube drainage with negative suction when thoracotomy is completed may decrease the frequency of pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema and length of hospital stay, in comparison with patients in whom chest tube drainage is left during the postoperative period.

Retiro de la sonda de pleurostomia con succión negativa continua versus instalación de sonda con sello de agua, en cirugía cardiovascular cerrada en niños / Withdrawal of chest tubes without water seal vs. negative continuous suction after closed cardiovascular surgery procedures in children

Objetivo: identificar la frecuencia y tipo de complicaciones, así como tiempo de estancia hospitalaria, en niños con cirugía cardiovascular a quienes se les dejó sonda de pleurostomía con sello de agua en el posoperatorio y a quienes se les retiró bajo succión continua al término de la toracotomía. Material y métodos: se realizó estudio descriptivo, comparativo y retrospectivo en el Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Se estudiaron 88 niños sin sonda (grupo I) y 42 con sonda de pleurostomía (grupo II), sometidos a cirugía cardiovascular cerrada. Resultados: la frecuencia de complicaciones fue de 27.3 y 59.5 % en los grupos I y II. El enfisema subcutáneo tuvo una frecuencia de 13.6 % en el grupo I y de 45.2 % en el II (p = 0.0001); el neumotórax de 13.6 versus 28.6 % (p = 0.04) y el quilotórax de 2.3 versus 2.4 % (p = 1.0). La mediana del tiempo de estancia hospitalaria fue de tres y seis días en los grupos I y II, respectivamente (p = 0.0001). Conclusiones: en algunos tipos de cirugía cardiovascular cerrada en niños, el retiro de la sonda al término de la pleurostomía previa succión negativa continua, puede disminuir la frecuencia de neumotórax y enfisema subcutáneo y la estancia intrahospitalaria, en comparación cuando se deja la sonda con sello de agua en el posoperatorio.

BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to compare the frequency and type of complications, as well as the length of hospital stay, in children who underwent closed cardiovascular surgery with chest tube drainage during the postsurgical period with children in whom the drainage was withdrawn with continuous suction, once thoracotomy was completed. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive and analytic study was performed at the IMSS Hospital de Pediatria, located at the XXI Century National Medical Center in Mexico City. Eighty eight children who underwent closed cardiovascular surgery (Group I) without chest tubes and 42 with chest tubes (Group II) were studied. RESULTS: In Group I the frequency of complications was 27.3% and in group II 59.5%. Complications were as follows: subcutaneous emphysema was seen in 13.6% (n=12) of group I and in 45.2% (n=19) of group II (p=0.0001); pneumothorax in 13.6% (n=12) vs. 28.6% (n=12), p=0.04; and chylothorax in 2.3% (n=2) vs. 2.4% (n=1), p=1.0, respectively. The median time of hospital stay in group I was 3 days and in group II was 6 days (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In children, in some closed cardiovascular surgeries, withdrawal of chest tube drainage with negative suction when thoracotomy is completed may decrease the frequency of pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema and length of hospital stay, in comparison with patients in whom chest tube drainage is left during the postoperative period.

Pensamiento y acciones en salud / Thought and actions in health

El presente trabajo encomendado al Grupo 4 del Módulo III Salud Pública del Curso, tiene como misión relacionar el pensamiento y acción de salud, por lo que presenta la exposición de dicho esquema interpretativo, relacionándolo con el diagnóstico del sistema y la participación de la Policía Nacional en el Sistema Nacional de Salud; asimismo detalla las variables que muestran las condiciones de salud de la población; pensamientos; análisis e interpretación; acciones de salud. Contiene los esquemas interpretativos entre: a. Constitución de la OMS, Declaración de Alma Ata, Declaración Conferencia Internacional de Promoción de la Salud; b. Constituciones: Chile, Colombia, Perú

Imagen del médico anastesiologo frente al paciente quirúrgico / Imagen of the anesthesiologist before the surgical patient

Se evaluó a traves de una encuesta a 40 pacientes programadas para cirugia electiva, en los siguientes rubros: conocimientos de la especialidad anastesiologica, su prestigio y calificación acdemica en relación a otras afines. solo un 57 por ciento sabia que el anastesiólogo era médico y el mismo ocupo el cuarto y quinto lugar en lo referente a prestigio y calificación academica respectivamente. Los resultados aseveran el bajo perfil que tiene el anatesilogo ante el paciente. se remarca la importancia de la evaluación pre-operatoria y se menciona la necesidad de extender los campos de la especialidad como medida para mejorar su imagen

Aislamiento e identificación de virus de fiebre aftosa procedente de vesículas en la epidermis de un ser humano / Isolation and identification of foot and mouth disease virus from skin vesicles in a human being

1. A cytopathogenic agent for bovine kidney cells isolated from hand vesicles of a human being

2. This agent is pathogenic for bovine kidney cells in vitro, guinea pigs and suckling mice

3. This agent belongs immunologically to the "O" type foot and mouth disease virus

Discussion

In spite of the fact that the patient has been working for over 10 years with foot and mouth disease viral materials, she never presented before similar symptoms. A search for heterologous antibodies produced by inapparent or subclinical infections was made. Neither the acute nor the convalescent sera, when diluted 1:8, revealed the presence of antibodies against A and C type foot and mouth viruses

This brief paper shows the possible existence in nature of some peculiar foot and mouth virus strains, which, in some special circumstances, could infect man

Conclusions

The fluid from a hand vesicle of a human produced destruction in bovine kidney cultural cells. In this way a cytopathogenic agent has been isolated in vitro. The specific inhibition of cellular destruction by this agent in the presence of "O" type hyperimmune guinea pig serum proves that this agent belongs immunologically to the "O" type foot and mouth disease virus

It is the first time that a foot and mouth disease virus from a human has been isolated in bovine kidney cells cultured in vitro(AU)

Aislamiento e identificación de virus de fiebre aftosa procedente de vesículas en la epidermis de un ser humano / Isolation and identification of foot and mouth disease virus from skin vesicles in a human being

1. A cytopathogenic agent for bovine kidney cells isolated from hand vesicles of a human being

Discussion

Conclusions

Este trabajo se publica simultáneamente en el Canadian Veterinary Journal

2. This agent is pathogenic for bovine kidney cells in vitro, guinea pigs and suckling mice

3. This agent belongs immunologically to the "O" type foot and mouth disease virus

In spite of the fact that the patient has been working for over 10 years with foot and mouth disease viral materials, she never presented before similar symptoms. A search for heterologous antibodies produced by inapparent or subclinical infections was made. Neither the acute nor the convalescent sera, when diluted 1:8, revealed the presence of antibodies against A and C type foot and mouth viruses

This brief paper shows the possible existence in nature of some peculiar foot and mouth virus strains, which, in some special circumstances, could infect man

The fluid from a hand vesicle of a human produced destruction in bovine kidney cultural cells. In this way a cytopathogenic agent has been isolated in vitro. The specific inhibition of cellular destruction by this agent in the presence of "O" type hyperimmune guinea pig serum proves that this agent belongs immunologically to the "O" type foot and mouth disease virus

It is the first time that a foot and mouth disease virus from a human has been isolated in bovine kidney cells cultured in vitro(AU)