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1.
Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba ; 79(3): 304-306, 2022 09 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36149078

ABSTRACT

An 18-year-old male was admitted for his second induction chemotherapy treatment for an acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and mercaptopurine. He presented with high fever, abdominal pain, non-bloody diarrhoea, portal hypertension and leukopenia. Stool sample analysis, blood cultures and extensive work-up were negative. The only microbiologic evidence was the presence of cytomegalovirus DNA detected by PCR. A profound hypogammaglobulinemia was documented. Pathology material reported non-caseating granulomas in liver, bone marrow, duodenum and colon with negative cytomegalovirus immunostaining. What is your diagnosis?


Un varón de 18 años se internó para recibir el segundo ciclo de inducción por una leucemia linfoblástica aguda con ciclofosfamida, citarabina y mercaptopurina. Desarrolló fiebre alta, dolor abdominal, diarrea no sanguinolenta, hipertensión portal y leucopenia. El análisis de materia fecal, cultivos de sangre y una evaluación exhaustiva fueron negativas. La única evidencia microbiológica fue la detección de ADN de citomegalovirus en sangre por PCR. También se documentó una hipogamaglobulinemia profunda. El material de patología reportó granulomas no caseificantes en hígado, médula ósea, duodeno y colon con inmunohistoquímica negativa para citomegalovirus. ¿Cuál es su diagnóstico?


Subject(s)
Fever of Unknown Origin , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Adolescent , Cyclophosphamide , Cytarabine/therapeutic use , Granuloma/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Mercaptopurine/therapeutic use , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy
2.
Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba ; 79(2): 201-204, 2022 06 06.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35700459

ABSTRACT

The hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia is one of the acquired bone marrow failure syndromes. It is a stereotyped form of presentation of aplastic anemia and accounts for 2 - 5 % of the cases in the West. Its treatment, which does not differ from that of aplastic anemia, consists of immunosuppression when bone marrow transplant is not possible. Nonetheless, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, recommendations restricting the use of antithymocyte globulin to those cases with the highest risk of death have been issued, since the prognosis of CoViD-19 tends to be worse if administered. We present an otherwise-healthy 18-year-old male who was diagnosed with a hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia and received a personalized treatment following these recommendations.


La anemia aplásica asociada a hepatitis es uno de los síndromes de fallo medular adquirido. Es una forma estereotipada de presentación de la anemia aplásica adquirida y representa el 2 - 5 % de los casos en occidente. Su tratamiento, que no difiere del de la anemia aplásica adquirida, consiste en inmunosupresión cuando el trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas no es posible. Sin embargo, durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 se han publicado recomendaciones mediante las cuales se restringe el uso de globulina antitimocítica para aquellos casos con riesgo de muerte porque el pronóstico de la CoViD-19 tiende a ser peor con su uso. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 18 años previamente sano a quien se le diagnosticó una anemia aplásica asociada a hepatitis y se le personalizó el tratamiento acorde a estas recomendaciones.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Aplastic , COVID-19 , Hepatitis , Humans , Pandemics , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 82(1): 142-146, feb. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365139

ABSTRACT

Resumen Una mujer de 40 años se internó de forma programada para recibir quimioterapia por una leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) B común de alto riesgo, diagnosticada 10 meses antes a raíz de hemato mas y petequias en los miembros inferiores, y metrorragia. En ese momento, presentaba trombocitopenia y una ecografía ginecológica transvaginal normal. Al ingreso de la internación programada, se quejó de dolor inguinal izquierdo con irradiación al muslo e impotencia funcional de 3 meses de evolución, dolor en fosa ilíaca derecha y diarrea. En el examen físico tenía dolor a la palpación profunda en la fosa ilíaca derecha y signo del psoas positivo a la izquierda. La tomografía de abdomen y pelvis reveló una imagen compatible con un absceso del psoas izquierdo y signos de tiflitis. La biopsia del psoas izquierdo demostró infiltración por nidos y cordones de carcinoma escamoso queratinizante moderadamente diferenciado. El examen ginecológico dirigido evidenció anomalías macroscópicas del cuello uterino correlacionadas con el mismo diagnóstico histopatológico. Los se gundos cánceres primarios más frecuentemente asociados a LLA son linfoma de Hodgkin, cáncer escamoso de piel, tumores endocrinos, cáncer renal, linfoma no-Hodgkin y cáncer de mama. Las metástasis musculares de tumores sólidos son infrecuentes, y habitualmente provienen del pulmón, riñón, tiroides y melanoma. El síndrome del psoas maligno es causado por infiltración neoplásica del músculo. El diagnóstico diferencial debe realizarse con el absceso del psoas, que puede originarse en una tiflitis si es secundario. No hemos podido encontrar registros de cáncer de cuello uterino como segundo cáncer primario luego de LLA.


Abstract A 40-year-old woman was scheduled to receive chemotherapy for a high-risk common B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), diagnosed 10 months earlier in the wake of lower limb bruising and petechiae, and metrorrhagia. At that time, she had thrombocytopenia and a normal transvaginal gynecological ultrasound. Upon admission, she complained of a 3-month history of incapacitating left groin pain radiated to the thigh, and right lower quadrant abdominal pain associated with diarrhea. On physical examination, she had tenderness in the right iliac fossa and a positive psoas sign on the left. Computerized scan of the abdomen and pelvis reported an image compatible with a left psoas abscess and signs of typhlitis. The biopsy of the left psoas muscle demonstrated infiltration by nests and cords of moderately differentiated keratinizing squamous carcinoma. Gynecological examination revealed macroscopic abnormalities of the cervix correlated with the same histopathological diagnosis. The second primary cancers most frequently associated with ALL are Hodgkin lymphoma, squamous skin cancer, endocrine tumors, kidney cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and breast cancer. Muscle metastases from solid tumors are rare, and usually arise from the lung, kidney, thyroid, and melanoma. Malignant psoas syndrome is caused by neoplastic infiltration of the muscle. The differential diagnosis should be made with a psoas abscess, which may arise from typhlitis if secondary. We have not been able to find records of cervical cancer as second primary cancer after ALL.

4.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 82(1): 142-146, 2022.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35037873

ABSTRACT

A 40-year-old woman was scheduled to receive chemotherapy for a high-risk common B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), diagnosed 10 months earlier in the wake of lower limb bruising and petechiae, and metrorrhagia. At that time, she had thrombocytopenia and a normal transvaginal gynecological ultrasound. Upon admission, she complained of a 3-month history of incapacitating left groin pain radiated to the thigh, and right lower quadrant abdominal pain associated with diarrhea. On physical examination, she had tenderness in the right iliac fossa and a positive psoas sign on the left. Computerized scan of the abdomen and pelvis reported an image compatible with a left psoas abscess and signs of typhlitis. The biopsy of the left psoas muscle demonstrated infiltration by nests and cords of moderately differentiated keratinizing squamous carcinoma. Gynecological examination revealed macroscopic abnormalities of the cervix correlated with the same histopathological diagnosis. The second primary cancers most frequently associated with ALL are Hodgkin lymphoma, squamous skin cancer, endocrine tumors, kidney cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and breast cancer. Muscle metastases from solid tumors are rare, and usually arise from the lung, kidney, thyroid, and melanoma. Malignant psoas syndrome is caused by neoplastic infiltration of the muscle. The differential diagnosis should be made with a psoas abscess, which may arise from typhlitis if secondary. We have not been able to find records of cervical cancer as second primary cancer after ALL.


Una mujer de 40 años se internó de forma programada para recibir quimioterapia por una leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) B común de alto riesgo, diagnosticada 10 meses antes a raíz de hematomas y petequias en los miembros inferiores, y metrorragia. En ese momento, presentaba trombocitopenia y una ecografía ginecológica transvaginal normal. Al ingreso de la internación programada, se quejó de dolor inguinal izquierdo con irradiación al muslo e impotencia funcional de 3 meses de evolución, dolor en fosa ilíaca derecha y diarrea. En el examen físico tenía dolor a la palpación profunda en la fosa ilíaca derecha y signo del psoas positivo a la izquierda. La tomografía de abdomen y pelvis reveló una imagen compatible con un absceso del psoas izquierdo y signos de tiflitis. La biopsia del psoas izquierdo demostró infiltración por nidos y cordones de carcinoma escamoso queratinizante moderadamente diferenciado. El examen ginecológico dirigido evidenció anomalías macroscópicas del cuello uterino correlacionadas con el mismo diagnóstico histopatológico. Los segundos cánceres primarios más frecuentemente asociados a LLA son linfoma de Hodgkin, cáncer escamoso de piel, tumores endocrinos, cáncer renal, linfoma no-Hodgkin y cáncer de mama. Las metástasis musculares de tumores sólidos son infrecuentes, y habitualmente provienen del pulmón, riñón, tiroides y melanoma. El síndrome del psoas maligno es causado por infiltración neoplásica del músculo. El diagnóstico diferencial debe realizarse con el absceso del psoas, que puede originarse en una tiflitis si es secundario. No hemos podido encontrar registros de cáncer de cuello uterino como segundo cáncer primario luego de LLA.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Psoas Abscess , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Adult , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Psoas Abscess/diagnosis
5.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 81(6): 1052-1055, 2021.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34875606

ABSTRACT

Obinutuzumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody against CD20 used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Fatal cardiovascular events have been described, but only in patients with known cardiovascular records. We report the case of an adult male with a high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed subendocardial injury, with no evidence of coronary atherosclerosis, during the first administration of obinutuzumab.


El obinutuzumab es un anticuerpo monoclonal completamente humanizado contra CD20, empleado en el tratamiento de leucemia linfocítica crónica. Los eventos cardiovasculares fatales han sido descritos, pero solo en pacientes con antecedentes cardiovasculares conocidos. Presentamos el caso de un hombre adulto con diagnóstico de leucemia linfocítica crónica de alto riesgo que desarrolló injuria subendocárdica, sin evidencia de aterosclerosis coronaria, durante la primera infusión de obinutuzumab.


Subject(s)
Atherosclerosis , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects , Antigens, CD20/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Humans , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy , Male
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 81(6): 1052-1055, ago. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365101

ABSTRACT

Resumen El obinutuzumab es un anticuerpo monoclonal completamente humanizado contra CD20, empleado en el tratamiento de leucemia linfocítica crónica. Los eventos cardiovasculares fatales han sido des critos, pero solo en pacientes con antecedentes cardiovasculares conocidos. Presentamos el caso de un hombre adulto con diagnóstico de leucemia linfocítica crónica de alto riesgo que desarrolló injuria subendocárdica, sin evidencia de aterosclerosis coronaria, durante la primera infusión de obinutuzumab.


Abstract Obinutuzumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody against CD20 used in the treat ment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Fatal cardiovascular events have been described, but only in patients with known cardiovascular records. We report the case of an adult male with a high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed subendocardial injury, with no evidence of coronary atherosclerosis, during the first administration of obinutuzumab.

8.
Lung India ; 31(2): 149-51, 2014 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24778479

ABSTRACT

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is widespread all over the world, and the neurological and respiratory complications have been described previously. Peripheral neuropathy is one of the commonest neurological complications of the HIV infection. In this report we describe a HIV positive male smoker who was admitted to the hospital because of community acquired pneumonia. Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis was diagnosed for which no other cause was found and was attributed to the HIV infection. Isolated phrenic neuropathy and diaphragmatic paralysis in an HIV positive patient is extremely rare and only a single such association has been described previously.

13.
Rev. patol. trop ; 42(2): 240-247, abr.-jun. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-696203

ABSTRACT

Las bacterias del género Nocardia son microorganismos Gram positivos, aerobios, parcialmente ácido resistente, que en la mayoría de los casos se adquieren por inhalación o inoculación a través de la piel. La diseminación hemática puede comprometer el sistema nervioso central (SNC) bajo la forma de abscesos intraparenquimatosos. El compromiso del SNC también puede serprimario y afectar tanto a sujetos inmunocomprometidos como infección oportunista, como a inmunocompetentes. La frecuencia de abscesos cerebrales por Nocardia es baja y representa el 2por ciento del total de los abscesos cerebrales. El diagnóstico precoz asociado al tratamiento quirúrgico y laantibioticoterapia prolongada pueden mejorar el pronóstico y la morbimortalidad de estos pacientes.En huéspedes inmunocompetentes Nocardia spp.causan más frecuentemente actinomicetomas quenocardosis cerebral. Aquí se presenta un paciente VIH positivo que desarrolló abscesos cerebrales primarios por Nocardia farcinica y se realiza una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Brain Abscess , Nocardia , Nocardia Infections , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis
14.
J Clin Rheumatol ; 19(2): 87-9, 2013 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23364658

ABSTRACT

We describe a patient with a history of discoid lupus erythematosus who presented with chylous ascites and chylothorax. Analysis of peritoneal and pleural fluid showed a high level of triglycerides and the presence of antinuclear antibody and anti-dsDNA antibody. Further study revealed other diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus and serologic markers of disease activity. The patient was successfully treated with methylprednisolone pulse therapy and high doses of prednisone, followed by immunosuppressants.


Subject(s)
Chylothorax/diagnosis , Chylous Ascites/diagnosis , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid/diagnosis , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use , Chylothorax/drug therapy , Chylous Ascites/drug therapy , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid/drug therapy , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Paracentesis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
15.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 72(5): 361-6, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23089110

ABSTRACT

Adult patients hospitalized for a non-surgical condition, usually have a high risk of venous thromboembolism and may develop some form of this disease when they do not receive appropriate preventive treatment. The objectives of this prospective, analytical, observational and cross-sectional study were: 1) to determine what percentage of adult patients hospitalized for a non-surgical acute condition at the Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, had indication for preventive thromboprophylaxis, 2) to establish how many of them had been prescribed a preventive treatment of venous thromboembolism, 3) to establish how many of them had been prescribed a preventive treatment of venous thromboembolism without having reasons to justify the treatment. The study was performed on 93 patients for 72 consecutive hours. It resulted in 90.3% in need of preventive treatment for venous thromboembolism and 76.2% of these patients had received pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. A 33.3% of the studied patients had received preventive pharmacological treatment without having a proper indication. In this study, the percentage of patients treated is higher than in those reported in other published observational studies.


Subject(s)
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Hospitals, General , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology , Young Adult
16.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 72(5): 361-366, oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657530

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes adultos internados por una enfermedad no quirúrgica tienen un riesgo alto de padecer una tromboembolia venosa y pueden desarrollar alguna forma de esta enfermedad cuando no reciben un tratamiento preventivo adecuado. Los objetivos de este estudio prospectivo, analítico, observacional y transversal, fueron: 1) determinar cuál es el porcentaje de pacientes adultos internados por una enfermedad aguda no quirúrgica en el Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, que tienen indicación de tromboprofilaxis, 2) establecer cuántos de ellos reciben un tratamiento preventivo para la tromboembolia venosa, y 3) comprobar cuántos estaban medicados con alguna forma de tromboprofilaxis sin tener causas que justificaran este tratamiento. Se estudiaron 93 pacientes durante un lapso de 72 horas consecutivas. Se encontró que el 90.3% de ellos necesitaba un tratamiento preventivo para la tromboembolia venosa y el 76.2% de estos enfermos recibían tromboprofilaxis farmacológica. Un 33.3% de los pacientes internados tenía indicado un tratamiento farmacológico preventivo sin tener una causa que justificara esta prescripción. El porcentaje encontrado de pacientes tratados con tromboprofilaxis es más alto que el comunicado en otros estudios observacionales.


Adult patients hospitalized for a non-surgical condition, usually have a high risk of venous thromboembolism and may develop some form of this disease when they do not receive appropriate preventive treatment. The objectives of this prospective, analytical, observational and cross-sectional study were: 1) to determine what percentage of adult patients hospitalized for a non-surgical acute condition at the Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, had indication for preventive thromboprophylaxis, 2) to establish how many of them had been prescribed a preventive treatment of venous thromboembolism, 3) to establish how many of them had been prescribed a preventive treatment of venous thromboembolism without having reasons to justify the treatment. The study was performed on 93 patients for 72 consecutive hours. It resulted in 90.3% in need of preventive treatment for venous thromboembolism and 76.2% of these patients had received pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. A 33.3% of the studied patients had received preventive pharmacological treatment without having a proper indication. In this study, the percentage of patients treated is higher than in those reported in other published observational studies.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Age Distribution , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitals, General , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Incidence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology
17.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 72(5): 361-366, oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-129308

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes adultos internados por una enfermedad no quirúrgica tienen un riesgo alto de padecer una tromboembolia venosa y pueden desarrollar alguna forma de esta enfermedad cuando no reciben un tratamiento preventivo adecuado. Los objetivos de este estudio prospectivo, analítico, observacional y transversal, fueron: 1) determinar cuál es el porcentaje de pacientes adultos internados por una enfermedad aguda no quirúrgica en el Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, que tienen indicación de tromboprofilaxis, 2) establecer cuántos de ellos reciben un tratamiento preventivo para la tromboembolia venosa, y 3) comprobar cuántos estaban medicados con alguna forma de tromboprofilaxis sin tener causas que justificaran este tratamiento. Se estudiaron 93 pacientes durante un lapso de 72 horas consecutivas. Se encontró que el 90.3% de ellos necesitaba un tratamiento preventivo para la tromboembolia venosa y el 76.2% de estos enfermos recibían tromboprofilaxis farmacológica. Un 33.3% de los pacientes internados tenía indicado un tratamiento farmacológico preventivo sin tener una causa que justificara esta prescripción. El porcentaje encontrado de pacientes tratados con tromboprofilaxis es más alto que el comunicado en otros estudios observacionales.(AU)


Adult patients hospitalized for a non-surgical condition, usually have a high risk of venous thromboembolism and may develop some form of this disease when they do not receive appropriate preventive treatment. The objectives of this prospective, analytical, observational and cross-sectional study were: 1) to determine what percentage of adult patients hospitalized for a non-surgical acute condition at the Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, had indication for preventive thromboprophylaxis, 2) to establish how many of them had been prescribed a preventive treatment of venous thromboembolism, 3) to establish how many of them had been prescribed a preventive treatment of venous thromboembolism without having reasons to justify the treatment. The study was performed on 93 patients for 72 consecutive hours. It resulted in 90.3% in need of preventive treatment for venous thromboembolism and 76.2% of these patients had received pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. A 33.3% of the studied patients had received preventive pharmacological treatment without having a proper indication. In this study, the percentage of patients treated is higher than in those reported in other published observational studies.(AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Age Distribution , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Hospitals, General , Incidence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology
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