ABSTRACT
The interaction between metlegoglobin reductase from lupin root nodules cytosol and some substrates and inhibitors was studied. The Km values for electron acceptors: dichlorophenol indophenol, potassium ferricyanide, methylene blue and cytochrome c were 5.7 x 10(-5), 2.1 x 10(-5), 1.75 x 10(-4) and 2.5 x 10(-5) M, respectively. The Km value for electron donor NADH was 2.4 x 10(-5) M. Hydroxymercurybenzoate and ethylmaleimide inhibited the metlegoglobin reductase activity; the enzyme activity was also inhibited by NAD. Metlegoglobin reductase was inhibited by quinacrine, which confirmed the flavoproteid nature of the enzyme earlier discovered by the authors. Cytochrome b5 from rabbit liver microsomes can be an electron intermediate during cytochrome c reduction by metlegoglobin reductase. The temperature optimum of metlegoglobin reductase is 40 degrees. The enzyme is comparatively thermostable; and was inactivated by 85% only after 5 min heating at 100 degrees.
Subject(s)
NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Plants/enzymology , Animals , Cytochromes/metabolism , Cytochromes b5 , Cytosol/enzymology , Electron Transport , Kinetics , Leghemoglobin/metabolism , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Rabbits , Sulfhydryl Reagents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The purification and properties of metlegoglobin reductase from lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) nodules are described. The purification procedure results in a 1056-fold purification of the enzyme with a total yield of 21%. The enzyme possesses the NADH-diaphorase activity. Metlegoglobin reductase is heterogenous during electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. Electrophoresis produces two vicinal active bands, while isoelectrofocusing results in four active fractions. The fraction possessing the highest activity has a pI of 4.4. The enzyme is a flavoprotein, in which all flavins are represented by FAD. The molecular weight of the enzyme is 30 000. In some properties metlegoglobin reductase from lupine nodules is similar to methemoglobin reductase from erythrocytes and metmyoglobin reductase from muscles.
Subject(s)
NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Plants/enzymology , Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase/isolation & purification , Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide/analysis , Kinetics , Leghemoglobin/isolation & purification , Leghemoglobin/metabolism , Molecular Weight , NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The purification procedure and properties of metlegoglobin reductase from the soluble fraction of lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) nodules and from the proteins secreted by bacteroids Rhizobium lupini in vitro are described. The properties of both forms of enzyme were found to be similar. A metlegoglobin reductase preparation purified 125-fold with a yield of 21% was obtained. The enzyme is strictly specific to the cofactor (NADH). No substrate specificity was revealed. The enzyme reduces oxidized cytochrome c, Mb+, Lb+, Hb+ and exygen. The pH optimum for the enzyme is 7,4. The enzyme is inhibited by p-chloromercurybenzoate. In some properties the enzyme from lupine nodules is close to methemoglobin reductase from the erythrocytes. It was shown that apart from metlegoglobin reductase, bacteroids secrete some other proteins, which is indicative of a close interrelationship between the bacteroids and the plant in a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing system.
Subject(s)
NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Plants/enzymology , Rhizobium/enzymology , Cations , Chloromercuribenzoates/pharmacology , Cytochrome c Group/metabolism , Kinetics , Leghemoglobin , NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Oxygen uptake and reduction of C2H2 by bacteroids was found to be inhibited by low concentrations of cyanide and azide. However, oxygen uptake was not completely suppressed even by 10(-3) M KCN. Cyanide-resistant respiration was not inhibited by salicyl-hydroxamic acid, and seemed to be accomplished at the account of autoxidable flavo-proteins. A small light-reversible inhibition of respiration by carbon monoxide was found only in the bacteroids with a high rate of nitrogen fixation. Rotenone, antimycin A, and tenoyltrifluoroacetone inhibited oxygen uptake and methylene reduction. Nitrogen fixation, but not respiration, was inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol. An electron-transport chain coupled with phosphorylation is supposed to be built into the membranes of the bacteroids. The activity of peroxidase and cytochrome peroxidase was demonstrated in the bacteroids.
Subject(s)
Electron Transport , Nitrogen Fixation , Oxygen Consumption , Rhizobium/metabolism , Antimycin A/pharmacology , Azides/pharmacology , Carbon Monoxide , Cyanides/pharmacology , Dinitrophenols/pharmacology , Electron Transport Complex IV/metabolism , Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology , Light , Peroxidases/metabolism , Rhizobium/enzymology , Rotenone/pharmacology , Salicylates/pharmacology , Thenoyltrifluoroacetone/pharmacologyABSTRACT
During incubation in the buffer bacteroids Rizobium lupini liberate an enzymic system (ferri-Lb-reductase) capable of reducing ferri-Lb and ferri-Mb The hemoproteids reduction required the presence of cofactors (NADPH or NADH). The ferri-Lb-reductase activity was also found in the soluble fraction of nodules. It is assumed that bacteroids ferri-Lb-reductase, maintains Lb in a physiologically active reduced state into vegetable cells of the nodules "in vivo" as well.
