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1.
RECIIS (Online) ; 14(3): 709-723, jul.-set. 2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1121902

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta uma análise integrada de três estudos de caso sobre fomentos de redes de pesquisa instituídas pelo Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia do Ministério da Saúde (Decit), envolvendo três grandes áreas de interesse estratégico nacional: pesquisa clínica, doenças negligenciadas e saúde coletiva. Com foco na saúde coletiva, o estudo desenvolvido, estimulado pelo insucesso do fomento da Rede Nacional de Pesquisas sobre Política de Saúde (RNPPS), busca fundamentar condicionantes que dificultam ou promovem a consolidação de redes de pesquisa nessa área. A capacidade de construção das chamadas, relacionada ao grau de maturidade do campo disciplinar, o modelo de gestão de redes complexas, e o perfil de liderança estão entre os principais condicionantes observados. A par de desafios comuns na consolidação de redes de pesquisa, a saúde coletiva deve aprender a equilibrar com maior propriedade os pesos político e científico na balança do seu campo disciplinar.


This article presents an integrated analysis of three case studies on the promotion of research networks by the Brazilian Decit - Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia do Ministério da Saúde (Department of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Health), involving three major areas of national strategic interest: clinical research, neglected diseases and collective health. With the focus on the collective health field, the study seeks to justify the conditions that hinder or promote the consolidation of research networks, and it was stimulated by the failure on the promotion by the RNPPS - Rede Nacional de Pesquisas sobre Política de Saúde (National health policy research network). The capacity for the construction of tjhe formal requests related to the degree of maturity of the study field, the complex network management model, and the leadership profile are among the main conditions observed. With knowledge of common challenges in the consolidation of research networks, the collective health may learn to balance more appropriately the political and scientific weights in the scale of its study field.


Este artículo presenta un análisis integrado de tres estudios de casos sobre el fomento de redes de investigación instituidas por el Decit ­ Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia do Ministério da Saúde (Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología del Ministerio de Salud brasileño), abarcando tres grandes áreas de interés estratégico nacional: investigación clínica, enfermedades olvidadas y salud colectiva. En el caso de la salud colectiva, el estudio fue impulsado por el fracaso del fomento de la RNPPS ­ Rede Nacional de Pesquisas sobre Política de Saúde (Red nacional de investigaciones sobre políticas de salud) y busca fundamentar los condicionantes que dificultan o promueven la consolidación de redes de investigación. La capacidad de construcción de las convocatorias relacionada al grado de madurez del campo de estudio, modelo de gestión de redes complejas y perfil de liderazgo están entre los principales condicionantes observados. Con el conocimiento de desafíos comunes en la consolidación de redes de investigación, la salud colectiva debe aprender a equilibrar con mayor propiedad los pesos político y científico en la balanza de su campo de estudio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Research , Public Health , Neglected Diseases , Health Policy , Leadership , Brazil , Index of Health Development
2.
Hematol., Transfus. Cell Ther. (Impr.) ; 42(1): 62-69, Jan.-Mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090466

ABSTRACT

Abstract Due to the longer survival of critically ill children, venous thromboembolism is a problem which is becoming increasingly recognized in pediatric practice. In the last decades, several international studies have been published, shedding a light upon the epidemiology of this disease during childhood. These data show peculiarities in the clinical presentation and the significant morbidity and mortality. The new "epidemic of thrombosis" in pediatric hospitals points toward the urgent need for specific treatment and prevention protocols targeting this population. In Brazil, knowledge regarding this disease remains scarce. The lack of epidemiological data impacts both the clinical care and the design of specific public policies in the field. Thus, a national registry of pediatric venous thromboembolism is relevant to the proposal of an appropriate plan of action to create a qualified net of assistance. The improvement in educational initiatives related to the field of Pediatric Hemostasis is also very important. In this review, we have updated the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of the disease, as well as the prevention strategies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Child , Epidemiology , Risk Factors , Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis , Venous Thrombosis/epidemiology
3.
Hematol Transfus Cell Ther ; 42(1): 62-69, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31582342

ABSTRACT

Due to the longer survival of critically ill children, venous thromboembolism is a problem which is becoming increasingly recognized in pediatric practice. In the last decades, several international studies have been published, shedding a light upon the epidemiology of this disease during childhood. These data show peculiarities in the clinical presentation and the significant morbidity and mortality. The new "epidemic of thrombosis" in pediatric hospitals points toward the urgent need for specific treatment and prevention protocols targeting this population. In Brazil, knowledge regarding this disease remains scarce. The lack of epidemiological data impacts both the clinical care and the design of specific public policies in the field. Thus, a national registry of pediatric venous thromboembolism is relevant to the proposal of an appropriate plan of action to create a qualified net of assistance. The improvement in educational initiatives related to the field of Pediatric Hemostasis is also very important. In this review, we have updated the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of the disease, as well as the prevention strategies.

4.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos ; 26(4): 1139-1150, 2019.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31800832

ABSTRACT

This essay assumes that from a simple administrative guideline, regionalization has become the main concept for enabling the doctrine of equitable and universal coverage behind the Brazilian Sistema Único de Saúde. At the interface between studies of the historicity of the concepts and extensive fieldwork, it is argued that the traditional concept of the regionalization of the Sistema Único de Saúde has reached the historical limits of its productive capacity. However, updating this term challenges novel perspectives for a clinical system integrated in networks within a broader intersectoral strategy of regional production clusters.


Este ensaio assume que, de simples diretriz administrativa, a regionalização se tornou hoje o principal conceito de viabilização doutrinária da universalidade equitativa e integral do Sistema Único de Saúde. Na interface de estudos sobre a historicidade dos conceitos com extensas experiências de campo, argumenta-se que o conceito de regionalização tradicional do Sistema Único de Saúde alcançou limites históricos de capacidade produtiva. Sua atualização, entretanto, desafia perspectivas inovadoras para um sistema clínico integrado em redes, inserido numa estratégia intersetorial de complexos produtivos regionais.

5.
Einstein (Sao Paulo) ; 17(1): eAO4333, 2019 Feb 07.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30758398

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of the Primary Health Care services provided to children and the feasibility of using the Brazilian version of Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT-Brazil) as a routine quality assessment tool. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Joanópolis, a small rural town in the State of São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Seven health professionals and 502 caretakers of children using the public health center were interviewed using the PCAT-Brazil, collecting data on the core and related attributes of Primary Health Care provided to children. The score of each attribute was calculated. RESULTS: Caretakers rated as good the following attributes; "degree of affiliation", "first contact care - use of services", "coordinated care", and "comprehensive care - available services". The attributes of "first contact accessibility", "long term person care", "comprehensive care - offered services" and "family- and community-oriented care" were scored as poor. The health professionals only rated the attribute of "first contact accessibility" as satisfactory, and considered that all other Primary Health Care attributes needed improvement. To conduct this study, at least 1,241 working hours were invested, and the estimated budget was R$12.900,00 (or U$3,953.00). CONCLUSION: The use of the PCAT-Brazil as a routine assessment and planning tool seemed to be not feasible in the given setting due to high costs, lack of trained personnel and the huge workload. To overcome the encountered obstacles, advices are given based on field experience.


Subject(s)
Health Services Accessibility , Primary Health Care/standards , Adult , Brazil , Caregivers , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feasibility Studies , Health Personnel , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Primary Health Care/economics , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 26(4): 1139-1150, out.-dez. 2019. il, graf
Article in Portuguese | HISA - History of Health | ID: his-44244

ABSTRACT

Este ensaio assume que, de simples diretriz administrativa, a regionalização se tornou hoje o principal conceito de viabilização doutrinária da universalidade equitativa e integral do Sistema Único de Saúde. Na interface de estudos sobre a historicidade dos conceitos com extensas experiências de campo, argumenta-se que o conceito de regionalização tradicional do Sistema Único de Saúde alcançou limites históricos de capacidade produtiva. Sua atualização, entretanto, desafia perspectivas inovadoras para um sistema clínico integrado em redes, inserido numa estratégia intersetorial de complexos produtivos regionais.


Subject(s)
Unified Health System , Public Health , Health Policy , Regional Health Planning
7.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 17(1): eAO4333, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-984365

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the quality of the Primary Health Care services provided to children and the feasibility of using the Brazilian version of Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT-Brazil) as a routine quality assessment tool. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Joanópolis, a small rural town in the State of São Paulo (SP), Brazil. Seven health professionals and 502 caretakers of children using the public health center were interviewed using the PCAT-Brazil, collecting data on the core and related attributes of Primary Health Care provided to children. The score of each attribute was calculated. Results Caretakers rated as good the following attributes; "degree of affiliation", "first contact care − use of services", "coordinated care", and "comprehensive care − available services". The attributes of "first contact accessibility", "long term person care", "comprehensive care − offered services" and "family- and community-oriented care" were scored as poor. The health professionals only rated the attribute of "first contact accessibility" as satisfactory, and considered that all other Primary Health Care attributes needed improvement. To conduct this study, at least 1,241 working hours were invested, and the estimated budget was R$12.900,00 (or U$3,953.00). Conclusion The use of the PCAT-Brazil as a routine assessment and planning tool seemed to be not feasible in the given setting due to high costs, lack of trained personnel and the huge workload. To overcome the encountered obstacles, advices are given based on field experience.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade dos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde prestados às crianças e a viabilidade de usar a versão brasileira da Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT-Brazil) como ferramenta rotineira de avaliação da qualidade. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado em Joanópolis, um pequeno município rural no Estado de São Paulo. Sete profissionais de saúde e 502 responsáveis legais de crianças que usaram o centro de saúde foram entrevistados usando a PCAT-Brazil, para coleta de dados sobre os atributos essenciais e derivados dos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde oferecidos às crianças. Foi calculado o escore para cada atributo. Resultados Os responsáveis classificaram como satisfatórios os atributos como "grau de afiliação", "acesso de primeiro contato − utilização", "coordenação" e "integralidade − serviços disponíveis". Os atributos "acesso de primeiro contato − acessibilidade", "longitudinalidade", "integralidade − serviços prestados" e "orientação familiar e comunitária" foram classificados como insatisfatórios. Por outro lado, os profissionais de saúde apenas classificaram o atributo "acessibilidade do primeiro contato" como satisfatório e consideraram todos os outros atributos de Atenção Primária à Saúde como necessidade de melhoria. Para realizar este estudo, foram investidas pelo menos 1.241 horas de trabalho e o orçamento estimado foi de R$12.900,00 (ou U$3,953.00). Conclusão Usar a PCAT-Brazil como ferramenta de avaliação e planejamento de rotina pareceu não ser viável neste estudo, pelos altos custos, pela falta de pessoal treinado e pelo grande número de horas de trabalho exigido. Para superar os obstáculos encontrados, conselhos foram formulados com base na experiência de campo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adult , Primary Health Care/standards , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/economics , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population , Brazil , Feasibility Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Caregivers , Health Personnel
8.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos ; 24(2): 499-517, 2017.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28658429

ABSTRACT

This conceptual essay investigates the idea of paradigmatic rupture and its implications in historical interpretations of public/collective health, where the dimensions of politics and science intermingle. The polysemic and pre-conceptual nature of "paradigm" is clarified, taking account of the conceptual implications, while reaffirming their semantic usefulness. Essential and cumulative ruptures are discussed and applied to the confrontation of the epistemic rupture brought about by district health centers and the goals of the public health reform movement. The difficulty of the collective health paradigm in maintaining its discursive independence is presented, such that the global spread of the discursive matrix of health centers by the Rockefeller Foundation still constitutes the most recent holistic paradigmatic rupture in Brazilian public health.

9.
Cien Saude Colet ; 22(5): 1441-1454, 2017 May.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28538916

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to highlight a number of underlying issues that may be useful for a comprehensive review of the management of Health-Related Science, Technology and Innovation policies (ST&I/H), and its strategies and priorities. It is an analytical study supported by an extensive review of the technical and journalistic literature, clippings, legislation and federal government directives. The results show that the Healthcare Production Complex undeniably and increasingly needs science to maintain itself. One may infer that a framework of institutional milestones is being built in Brazil, to strengthen, guide and encourage Research and Development, and that clinical research creates scientific knowledge to address public healthcare issues by generating new inputs or enhancing existing techniques, processes and technologies that will be produced, marketed and used in the different segments, thus feeding the Healthcare Productive Complex.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Biomedical Technology/trends , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Health Policy , Biomedical Research/trends , Brazil , Delivery of Health Care/trends , Humans , Inventions , Public Health
10.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(5): 1441-1454, maio 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-839971

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este artigo tem o objetivo de agregar relevo a algumas questões de base que podem ser úteis em um amplo processo de revisão do tema para a gestão das políticas de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde (CT&I/S), bem como suas estratégias e prioridades. Trata-se de um ensaio analítico amparado por extensa revisão narrativa de literatura técnica, jornalística, legislação e portarias do governo federal. Como resultados conclui-se que o Complexo Produtivo da Saúde necessita, de modo indeclinável e crescente, da ciência para a sua manutenção. É possível inferir que vem sendo construído, no Brasil, um arcabouço de marcos institucionais que fortalece, orienta e incentiva as atividades de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) no país e que a investigação clínica gera conhecimento científico para a resolução dos agravos da saúde pública, a partir da geração de novos insumos ou incremento de técnicas, processos e tecnologias já existentes, que, por sua vez, serão produzidos, comercializados e empregados nos seus diferentes segmentos, alimentando, assim, todo o processo do Complexo Produtivo da Saúde.


Abstract The purpose of this article is to highlight a number of underlying issues that may be useful for a comprehensive review of the management of Health-Related Science, Technology and Innovation policies (ST&I/H), and its strategies and priorities. It is an analytical study supported by an extensive review of the technical and journalistic literature, clippings, legislation and federal government directives. The results show that the Healthcare Production Complex undeniably and increasingly needs science to maintain itself. One may infer that a framework of institutional milestones is being built in Brazil, to strengthen, guide and encourage Research and Development, and that clinical research creates scientific knowledge to address public healthcare issues by generating new inputs or enhancing existing techniques, processes and technologies that will be produced, marketed and used in the different segments, thus feeding the Healthcare Productive Complex.


Subject(s)
Humans , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Health Policy , Brazil , Public Health , Delivery of Health Care/trends , Biomedical Research/trends , Inventions
11.
Cien Saude Colet ; 22(4): 1291-1310, 2017 Apr.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28444053

ABSTRACT

This review focuses only on specific studies into the SUS regionalization process, which were based on empirical results and published since 2006, when the SUS was already under the aegis of the Pact for Health framework. It was found that the regionalization process is now underway in all spheres of government, subject to a set of challenges common to the different realities of the country. These include, primarily, that committee-structured entities are valued as spaces for innovation, yet also strive to overcome the bureaucratic and clientelist political culture. Regional governance is further hampered by the fragmentation of the system and, in particular, by the historical deficiency in planning, from the local level to the strategic policies for technology incorporation. The analyses enabled the identification of a culture of broad privilege for political negotiation, to the detriment of planning, as one of the main factors responsible for a vicious circle that sustains technical deficiency in management.


Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Regional Health Planning/organization & administration , Biomedical Technology/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil , Delivery of Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Policy , Humans , National Health Programs/legislation & jurisprudence , Politics , Regional Health Planning/legislation & jurisprudence
12.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(4): 1291-1310, Abr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890287

ABSTRACT

Resumo Nesta revisão foram incluídos apenas estudos específicos sobre o processo de regionalização do SUS, baseados em resultados empíricos e publicados a partir de 2006, já sob o referencial do Pacto pela Saúde. Foi evidenciado que o processo de regionalização é hoje uma realidade em todas as esferas de governo, sujeito a um conjunto de desafios comuns às diversas realidades do país. Entre os principais, os colegiados são valorizados com espaços de inovação, mas ainda em busca da superação da cultura política burocrática e clientelista. A governança regional é ainda prejudicada pela fragmentação do sistema e, em particular, pela histórica deficiência com planejamento, desde o nível local às políticas estratégicas de incorporação tecnológica. As análises permitiram implicar a cultura de amplo privilégio para negociação política em detrimento do planejamento como uma das principais responsáveis por um ciclo vicioso que sustenta a deficiência técnica da gestão.


Abstract This review focuses only on specific studies into the SUS regionalization process, which were based on empirical results and published since 2006, when the SUS was already under the aegis of the Pact for Health framework. It was found that the regionalization process is now underway in all spheres of government, subject to a set of challenges common to the different realities of the country. These include, primarily, that committee-structured entities are valued as spaces for innovation, yet also strive to overcome the bureaucratic and clientelist political culture. Regional governance is further hampered by the fragmentation of the system and, in particular, by the historical deficiency in planning, from the local level to the strategic policies for technology incorporation. The analyses enabled the identification of a culture of broad privilege for political negotiation, to the detriment of planning, as one of the main factors responsible for a vicious circle that sustains technical deficiency in management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Regional Health Planning/organization & administration , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Politics , Regional Health Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil , Biomedical Technology/legislation & jurisprudence , Delivery of Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Policy , National Health Programs/legislation & jurisprudence
13.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 24(2): 499-517, abr.-jun. 2017. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-840707

ABSTRACT

Resumo Trata-se de ensaio conceitual sobre a ideia de ruptura paradigmática e sua implicação na leitura histórica da saúde pública/coletiva, campo em que se confundem as dimensões política e científica. Um argumento inicial serve para esclarecer o caráter polissêmico e pré-conceitual de “paradigma”, atento às implicações conceituais, mas reafirmando sua utilidade semântica. Segue com a discussão de rupturas essenciais e cumulativas, aplicada ao confronto da ruptura epistêmica promovida pelos centros de saúde distritais e idealização do movimento de reforma sanitária. Conclui pela dificuldade do paradigma “saúde coletiva” em sustentar sua independência discursiva, de modo que a difusão planetária da matriz discursiva dos centros de saúde pela Fundação Rockefeller ainda se configura como a última ruptura paradigmática holística da saúde pública brasileira.


Abstract This conceptual essay investigates the idea of paradigmatic rupture and its implications in historical interpretations of public/collective health, where the dimensions of politics and science intermingle. The polysemic and pre-conceptual nature of “paradigm” is clarified, taking account of the conceptual implications, while reaffirming their semantic usefulness. Essential and cumulative ruptures are discussed and applied to the confrontation of the epistemic rupture brought about by district health centers and the goals of the public health reform movement. The difficulty of the collective health paradigm in maintaining its discursive independence is presented, such that the global spread of the discursive matrix of health centers by the Rockefeller Foundation still constitutes the most recent holistic paradigmatic rupture in Brazilian public health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Public Health/history , Health Care Reform , Politics , Preventive Medicine
14.
RECIIS (Online) ; 10(3): 1-11, jul.-set. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831205

ABSTRACT

A gestão de pesquisa em rede comumente está associada ao incremento no domínio estrutural, enquanto a percepção de pesquisa, por sua vez, versa sobre a necessidade de se incluir uma visão mais ampla,envolvendo os rumos e valores dos avanços tecnológicos e econômicos. Ambas as questões são raramente discutidas – situação que tende a prosseguir – frente ao desempenho organizacional e disseminação do conhecimento. A investigação apresentada neste artigo utilizou estudo de caso exploratório e analítico,de abordagem qualiquantitativa, que se valeu de questionários e entrevistas a membros integrantes da Rede Nacional de Pesquisa Clínica em Hospitais de Ensino e gestores de ciência e tecnologia em saúde.Como resultado argumenta-se que a relação que se forma entre os pesquisadores, por meio da pesquisa, é aquela que proporciona o mais alto nível de desenvolvimento, sendo, de fato, a instância organizadora das colaborações que fomentam a aprendizagem e possibilitam a obtenção de status ou legitimidade.


The management of network research is commonly associated with the improvement in the structural domain, while in turn the perception of research deal with the need for including a wider view, involving the directions and the values of technological and economic advances. These questions are rarely discussed – something which tends to proceed – due to organizational performance and dissemination of knowledge. The investigation presented here is an explanatory and analytical case study, with qualitative and quantitative approaches, using questionnaires answered by members of the Rede Nacional de Pesquisa Clínica em Hospitais de Ensino (National network of clinical research in teaching hospitals) and interviews with them and with managers of science andtechnology.for health. As a result, it is argued that the relationships developed between researchers, throughthe research, are those which offer the highest level of development and, in fact, the instance for collaborations which feed the learning and provide an acquisition of status or legitimacy.


La gestión de la investigación en red comúnmente se asocia al incremento en el dominio estructural, mientras que la percepción de la investigación, a su vez, se refiere a la necesidad de incluir una visión más amplia, involucrando los rumbos y valores de los avances tecnológicos y económicos. Ambas las cuestiones son discutidas raramente – situación que tiende a permanecer – frente al desempeño organizacional y la diseminación del conocimiento. Se trata de un estudio de caso exploratorio y analítico, de abordaje cualitativo y cuantitativo,utilizándo se cuestionarios y entrevistas con miembros de la Rede Nacional de Pesquisa Clínica em Hospitais de Ensino (Red nacional de investigación clínica en hospitales de enseñanza).y con gestores de ciencia y tecnologia en salud. Como resultado, se argumenta que la relación que se forma entre los investigadores, por medio de lainvestigación, es que proporciona el nivel más alto de desarrollo, siendo efectivamente la instancia organizadorade las colaboraciones que fomentan el aprendizaje y posibilitan la obtención del estatus o de la legitimidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Sciences, Technology, and Innovation Management , Science and Technology Information Networks , Technical Cooperation , Biomedical Research , Hospitals, Teaching
15.
Cien Saude Colet ; 20(9): 2749-54, 2015 Sep.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26331506

ABSTRACT

A brief review of the career of the public health physician Walter Sidney Pereira Leser, who died in 2004 aged 94. Self-taught, from his 1933 doctoral thesis he became a country reference in the field of statistics and epidemiology, with dozens of studies and supervisions. In the clinical field he is one of the founders of Fleury Laboratory, and participates in the creation of CREMESP. As an academic, Leser was a professor at the Escola de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina e Faculdade de Farmácia e Odontologia da USP. Also, Leser introduced objective tests in the college entrance examination, and led the creation of CESCEM and Carlos Chagas Foundation. In the Escola Paulista de Medicina he created the first Preventive Medicine Department of the country. As a public official, he was secretary of the State Department of Health of São Paulo between 1967 and 1971 and between 1975 and 1979, responsible for extensive reforms and innovations. Among the most remembered, the creation of sanitary medical career. Throughout this legacy, he lent his name to the "Medal of Honor and Merit Public Health Management" of the State of São Paulo.


Subject(s)
Public Health/history , Brazil , Health Care Reform , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Male
16.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 20(9): 2749-2754, Set. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, RHS Repository | ID: lil-757541

ABSTRACT

ResumoFaz uma breve revisão da trajetória profissional do médico sanitarista Walter Sidney Pereira Leser, falecido em 2004 aos 94 anos. Autodidata, a partir de sua tese de doutoramento de 1933, torna-se referência no campo da estatística e epidemiologia no país, com dezenas de estudos e orientações. No campo clínico é um dos fundadores do Laboratório Fleury, e participa da criação do CREMESP. Como acadêmico, foi catedrático da Escola de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina e Faculdade de Farmácia e Odontologia da USP. Introduziu os testes objetivos no exame vestibular, e esteve à frente da criação do CESCEM e Fundação Carlos Chagas. Na Escola Paulista criou o primeiro Departamento de Medicina Preventiva do país. Como administrador público, foi secretário de Estado da Saúde entre 1967 e 1971 e entre 1975 e 1979, responsável por extensas reformas e inovações. Entre as mais lembradas, a criação da carreira de médico sanitarista. Por todo esse legado, emprestou seu nome à “Medalha de Honra e Mérito da Gestão Pública em Saúde” do governo paulista.


AbstractA brief review of the career of the public health physician Walter Sidney Pereira Leser, who died in 2004 aged 94. Self-taught, from his 1933 doctoral thesis he became a country reference in the field of statistics and epidemiology, with dozens of studies and supervisions. In the clinical field he is one of the founders of Fleury Laboratory, and participates in the creation of CREMESP. As an academic, Leser was a professor at the Escola de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina e Faculdade de Farmácia e Odontologia da USP. Also, Leser introduced objective tests in the college entrance examination, and led the creation of CESCEM and Carlos Chagas Foundation. In the Escola Paulista de Medicina he created the first Preventive Medicine Department of the country. As a public official, he was secretary of the State Department of Health of São Paulo between 1967 and 1971 and between 1975 and 1979, responsible for extensive reforms and innovations. Among the most remembered, the creation of sanitary medical career. Throughout this legacy, he lent his name to the “Medal of Honor and Merit Public Health Management” of the State of São Paulo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Public Health/history , Brazil , Health Care Reform , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century
18.
Rev Saude Publica ; 48(4): 642-50, 2014 Aug.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25210823

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dynamics of operation of the Bipartite Committees in health care in the Brazilian states. METHODS: The research included visits to 24 states, direct observation, document analysis, and performance of semi-structured interviews with state and local leaders. The characterization of each committee was performed between 2007 and 2010, and four dimensions were considered: (i) level of institutionality, classified as advanced, intermediate, or incipient; (ii) agenda of intergovernmental negotiations, classified as diversified/restricted, adapted/not adapted to the reality of each state, and shared/unshared between the state and municipalities; (iii) political processes, considering the character and scope of intergovernmental relations; and (iv) capacity of operation, assessed as high, moderate, or low. RESULTS: Ten committees had advanced level of institutionality. The agenda of the negotiations was diversified in all states, and most of them were adapted to the state reality. However, one-third of the committees showed power inequalities between the government levels. Cooperative and interactive intergovernmental relations predominated in 54.0% of the states. The level of institutionality, scope of negotiations, and political processes influenced Bipartite Committees' ability to formulate policies and coordinate health care at the federal level. Bipartite Committees with a high capacity of operation predominated in the South and Southeast regions, while those with a low capacity of operations predominated in the North and Northeast. CONCLUSIONS: The regional differences in operation among Bipartite Interagency Committees suggest the influence of historical-structural variables (socioeconomic development, geographic barriers, characteristics of the health care system) in their capacity of intergovernmental health care management. However, structural problems can be overcome in some states through institutional and political changes. The creation of federal investments, varied by regions and states, is critical in overcoming the structural inequalities that affect political institutions. The operation of Bipartite Committees is a step forward; however, strengthening their ability to coordinate health care is crucial in the regional organization of the health care system in the Brazilian states.


Subject(s)
Health Policy , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Regional Health Planning/organization & administration , Brazil , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Humans , Politics
19.
Rev. saúde pública ; 48(4): 642-650, 08/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-721029

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To analyze the dynamics of operation of the Bipartite Committees in health care in the Brazilian states. METHODS The research included visits to 24 states, direct observation, document analysis, and performance of semi-structured interviews with state and local leaders. The characterization of each committee was performed between 2007 and 2010, and four dimensions were considered: (i) level of institutionality, classified as advanced, intermediate, or incipient; (ii) agenda of intergovernmental negotiations, classified as diversified/restricted, adapted/not adapted to the reality of each state, and shared/unshared between the state and municipalities; (iii) political processes, considering the character and scope of intergovernmental relations; and (iv) capacity of operation, assessed as high, moderate, or low. RESULTS Ten committees had advanced level of institutionality. The agenda of the negotiations was diversified in all states, and most of them were adapted to the state reality. However, one-third of the committees showed power inequalities between the government levels. Cooperative and interactive intergovernmental relations predominated in 54.0% of the states. The level of institutionality, scope of negotiations, and political processes influenced Bipartite Committees’ ability to formulate policies and coordinate health care at the federal level. Bipartite Committees with a high capacity of operation predominated in the South and Southeast regions, while those with a low capacity of operations predominated in the North and Northeast. CONCLUSIONS The regional differences in operation among Bipartite Interagency Committees suggest the influence of historical-structural variables (socioeconomic development, geographic barriers, characteristics of the health care system) in their capacity of intergovernmental health care management. However, structural problems can be overcome in some states through institutional ...


OBJETIVO : Analisar a dinâmica de funcionamento das Comissões Intergestores Bipartites em saúde, nos estados do Brasil. MÉTODOS : A pesquisa compreendeu visitas a 24 estados, observação direta, análise documental e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com dirigentes estaduais e municipais. A caracterização das comissões de 2007 a 2010 considerou quatro dimensões: (i) institucionalidade, classificada como avançada, intermediária ou incipiente; (ii) conteúdo das negociações intergovernamentais, qualificado como diversificado/restrito, aderente/não aderente à realidade estadual e compartilhado/não compartilhado entre estado e municípios; (iii) processo político, considerando o caráter e a intensidade das relações intergovernamentais; e (iv) capacidade de atuação, avaliada como elevada, moderada ou baixa. RESULTADOS : Dez comissões apresentaram institucionalidade avançada. O conteúdo das negociações foi diversificado em todos os estados e na maioria aderente à realidade estadual. Entretanto, um terço das comissões expressaram assimetrias de poder entre esferas de governo. Relações intergovernamentais cooperativas e interativas predominaram em 54,0% dos estados. As dimensões de institucionalidade, conteúdo das negociações e processo político influenciaram a capacidade de atuação das Comissões Intergestores Bipartites na formulação da política e na coordenação federativa em saúde. Predominaram comissões com capacidade de atuação elevada nas regiões Sul e Sudeste e comissões com capacidade de atuação baixa no Norte e Nordeste. CONCLUSÕES : A variação regional entre as comissões sugere a influência de condicionantes ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Policy , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Regional Health Planning/organization & administration , Brazil , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Politics
20.
BIS, Bol. Inst. Saúde (Impr.) ; 15(2): 43-55, dez. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-ISPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-ISACERVO | ID: biblio-1046064

ABSTRACT

O presente relato discute o papel do acolhimento em Atenção Primária à Saúde na graduação em medicina, a partir da reflexão sobre a experiência dos autores junto ao Curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, especificamente na Unidade Educacional de Prática Profissional do Ciclo I (1º e 2º anos médicos), realizada junto às Unidades de Saúde da Família do município de São Carlos-SP, levando-se em conta potencialidades e dificuldades. A atividade educacional relacionada à vivência do acolhimento em APS mostra potencialidades para o desenvolvimento e aplicação dos preceitos constitucionais do capitulo da saúde, favorecendo a criação de significado aos estudantes quanto à integralidade do cuidado, com foco no acesso universal aos serviços de saúde. O contato na graduação em medicina com tal estratégia tem grande potencial na formação de profissionais que tenham competência para o entendimento das necessidades das pessoas, famílias e comunidades, para a gestão de serviços e aplicação do conceito de integralidade do cuidado. Propõe-se, assim, que o acolhimento seja uma das ferramentas pedagógicas nos currículos médicos em transformação, dentro de um contexto de reforma do ensino médico com vistas às necessidades de saúde da população brasileira.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Education, Medical , User Embracement
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